PSIO 305 KEEN QUIZZES QUESTIONS
To study factors that affect determination of the ectoderm, which of the following could
you do to get a DECREASE in volume of neural tissue in the developing animal
-- increase the release of nerve growth factor
-- decrease the release of noggin
-- increase the release of chordin
-- decrease the release of bine morphogenic proteins - Answer --- decrease the release
of noggin
Which of the following is a special piece of the mesoderm that releases neural
inducers?
-- Spemann organizer
-- neural organizer
-- bone morphogenic organizer
-- differentiation organizer - Answer --- Spemann organizer
Bone morphogenic proteins activate which pathway?
-- calcium-calmodulin pathway
-- protein kinase A pathway
-- neural induction pathway
-- Smad pathway - Answer --- Smad pathway
Which skeletal muscle fiber type requires continuous neural input or activation to retain
its fiber type properties?
-- the pattern and extent of activity throughout life (type of exercise one does) fast twitch
fibers
-- slow twitch fibers - Answer --- slow twitch fibers
Nerve growth factor binds to which type of receptor?
-- receptor serine/threonine kinase
-- receptor guanylyl cyclase
-- receptor tyrosine kinase
-- receptor tyrosine phosphatases - Answer --- receptor tyrosine kinase
A Rube Goldberg device does which of the following
-- is used in biochemistry for mixing reagents
-- is a type of statistical approach to discern if an effect in significant in physiology
-- is used in neurophysiology for current injection into a cell
,-- makes a complex approach out of a simple task - Answer --- makes a complex
approach out of a simple task
Most trophic factors work in an endocrine fashion
-- true
-- false - Answer --- false
The neuromuscular junction is similar to synapses in the CNS in that (select all that
apply)
-- a wave of depolarization in the presynaptic terminal opens voltage gated Ca++
channels
-- calcium entry through voltage-gated channels in the presynaptic terminal is necessary
for the release of neurotransmitter
-- the neurotransmitter released from the pre-synaptic terminal binds to specific
receptors on the post-synaptic side
-- the release at the neuromuscular junction of acetylcholine results in just a fraction of a
mv depolarization on the post-synaptic membrane which is similar to what is seen at
synapses in the CNS - Answer --- a wave of depolarization in the presynaptic terminal
opens voltage gated Ca++ channels
-- calcium entry through voltage-gated channels in the presynaptic terminal is necessary
for the release of neurotransmitter
-- the neurotransmitter released from the pre-synaptic terminal binds to specific
receptors on the post-synaptic side
Small amines and amino acids that are released a neurotransmitter tend to have their
effect on the post-synaptic membrane acting through ionotropic receptors
-- true
-- false - Answer --- true
The molecule responsible for aggregation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the
post-synaptic junctional folds of the muscle fiber is
-- hepatocyte growth factor
-- norepinephrine
-- agrin
-- human growth factor - Answer --- agrin
The germ layer that ultimately gives rise to skeletal muscle tissue is the
-- endoderm
-- mesoderm
-- ectoderm - Answer --- mesoderm
, Myogenic regulatory factors include all of the following EXCEPT
-- hepatocyte growth factor
-- myogenic determining factor
-- myogenic factor 5
-- myogenic regulatory factor - Answer --- hepatocyte growth factor
Which is the correct order for the development of muscle tissue?
-- determination, differentiation, proliferation, maturation
-- differentiation, determination, proliferation, maturation
-- determination, proliferation, differentiation, maturation
-- differentiation, proliferation, determination, maturation - Answer --- determination,
proliferation, differentiation, maturation
What type of cells sit outside the sarcolemma of a muscle fiber but below the basement
membrane of the muscle fiber and retain their ability to divide?
-- myotubes
-- myostatin cells
-- satellite cells
-- myoblasts - Answer --- satellite cells
The experiment that crossed the nerve from a muscle that had a short contraction time
"a fast muscle" to a muscle w/ a slower contraction profile and from the slower muscle
to the faster muscle demonstrated that the nerve or activity of the muscle had no effect
on properties of the muscle fibers
-- true
-- false - Answer --- false
Retrograde signaling or transmission can have a variety of actions that impact the 'pre-
synaptic' neuron. These actions could include which of the following? (select all that
apply)
-- promote cell survival
-- enhance synthesis of the neurotransmitter normally released by that neuron
-- inhibit or reduce the amount of neurotransmitter released
-- impact synaptic efficacy - Answer --- promote cell survival
-- enhance synthesis of the neurotransmitter normally released by that neuron
-- inhibit or reduce the amount of neurotransmitter released
-- impact synaptic efficacy
Botox has become popular for reducing wrinkles. It is a dilute solution of a toxin which
inhibits muscle contraction by working at the presynaptic portion of the NMJ. Which of
the following could be a possible mechanism for botox wrinkle-reducing action?
To study factors that affect determination of the ectoderm, which of the following could
you do to get a DECREASE in volume of neural tissue in the developing animal
-- increase the release of nerve growth factor
-- decrease the release of noggin
-- increase the release of chordin
-- decrease the release of bine morphogenic proteins - Answer --- decrease the release
of noggin
Which of the following is a special piece of the mesoderm that releases neural
inducers?
-- Spemann organizer
-- neural organizer
-- bone morphogenic organizer
-- differentiation organizer - Answer --- Spemann organizer
Bone morphogenic proteins activate which pathway?
-- calcium-calmodulin pathway
-- protein kinase A pathway
-- neural induction pathway
-- Smad pathway - Answer --- Smad pathway
Which skeletal muscle fiber type requires continuous neural input or activation to retain
its fiber type properties?
-- the pattern and extent of activity throughout life (type of exercise one does) fast twitch
fibers
-- slow twitch fibers - Answer --- slow twitch fibers
Nerve growth factor binds to which type of receptor?
-- receptor serine/threonine kinase
-- receptor guanylyl cyclase
-- receptor tyrosine kinase
-- receptor tyrosine phosphatases - Answer --- receptor tyrosine kinase
A Rube Goldberg device does which of the following
-- is used in biochemistry for mixing reagents
-- is a type of statistical approach to discern if an effect in significant in physiology
-- is used in neurophysiology for current injection into a cell
,-- makes a complex approach out of a simple task - Answer --- makes a complex
approach out of a simple task
Most trophic factors work in an endocrine fashion
-- true
-- false - Answer --- false
The neuromuscular junction is similar to synapses in the CNS in that (select all that
apply)
-- a wave of depolarization in the presynaptic terminal opens voltage gated Ca++
channels
-- calcium entry through voltage-gated channels in the presynaptic terminal is necessary
for the release of neurotransmitter
-- the neurotransmitter released from the pre-synaptic terminal binds to specific
receptors on the post-synaptic side
-- the release at the neuromuscular junction of acetylcholine results in just a fraction of a
mv depolarization on the post-synaptic membrane which is similar to what is seen at
synapses in the CNS - Answer --- a wave of depolarization in the presynaptic terminal
opens voltage gated Ca++ channels
-- calcium entry through voltage-gated channels in the presynaptic terminal is necessary
for the release of neurotransmitter
-- the neurotransmitter released from the pre-synaptic terminal binds to specific
receptors on the post-synaptic side
Small amines and amino acids that are released a neurotransmitter tend to have their
effect on the post-synaptic membrane acting through ionotropic receptors
-- true
-- false - Answer --- true
The molecule responsible for aggregation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the
post-synaptic junctional folds of the muscle fiber is
-- hepatocyte growth factor
-- norepinephrine
-- agrin
-- human growth factor - Answer --- agrin
The germ layer that ultimately gives rise to skeletal muscle tissue is the
-- endoderm
-- mesoderm
-- ectoderm - Answer --- mesoderm
, Myogenic regulatory factors include all of the following EXCEPT
-- hepatocyte growth factor
-- myogenic determining factor
-- myogenic factor 5
-- myogenic regulatory factor - Answer --- hepatocyte growth factor
Which is the correct order for the development of muscle tissue?
-- determination, differentiation, proliferation, maturation
-- differentiation, determination, proliferation, maturation
-- determination, proliferation, differentiation, maturation
-- differentiation, proliferation, determination, maturation - Answer --- determination,
proliferation, differentiation, maturation
What type of cells sit outside the sarcolemma of a muscle fiber but below the basement
membrane of the muscle fiber and retain their ability to divide?
-- myotubes
-- myostatin cells
-- satellite cells
-- myoblasts - Answer --- satellite cells
The experiment that crossed the nerve from a muscle that had a short contraction time
"a fast muscle" to a muscle w/ a slower contraction profile and from the slower muscle
to the faster muscle demonstrated that the nerve or activity of the muscle had no effect
on properties of the muscle fibers
-- true
-- false - Answer --- false
Retrograde signaling or transmission can have a variety of actions that impact the 'pre-
synaptic' neuron. These actions could include which of the following? (select all that
apply)
-- promote cell survival
-- enhance synthesis of the neurotransmitter normally released by that neuron
-- inhibit or reduce the amount of neurotransmitter released
-- impact synaptic efficacy - Answer --- promote cell survival
-- enhance synthesis of the neurotransmitter normally released by that neuron
-- inhibit or reduce the amount of neurotransmitter released
-- impact synaptic efficacy
Botox has become popular for reducing wrinkles. It is a dilute solution of a toxin which
inhibits muscle contraction by working at the presynaptic portion of the NMJ. Which of
the following could be a possible mechanism for botox wrinkle-reducing action?
