ARTICLES, DETERMINERS, QUANTIFIERS
& SUBJECT–VERB AGREEMENT
Complete Notes (PDF-Ready)
SECTION 1: ARTICLES, DETERMINERS &
QUANTIFIERS
1. ARTICLES
Articles are words that define a noun as specific or non-specific.
There are three articles:
A / AN → Indefinite Articles
THE → Definite Article
1.1 Indefinite Articles (A / AN)
Use ‘A’ before:
● Words beginning with a consonant sound.
a boy, a cat, a university (/ju:/ sound), a European country
Use ‘AN’ before:
● Words beginning with a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u).
an apple, an eagle, an hour (/our/ sound), an honest person
, When to Use A/An
1. When referring to something general, not specific
I bought a book.
2. When mentioning something for the first time
I saw a dog.
3. To show profession
She is an engineer.
4. In expressions of quantity
a few, a little, a lot
1.2 Definite Article (THE)
Use THE when you refer to something specific
● The book on the table is mine.
Use THE for:
1. Unique things
the sun, the moon, the earth
2. Superlatives
the best, the tallest
3. Names of rivers, seas, oceans, deserts, mountain ranges
the Ganga, the Pacific Ocean, the Thar Desert, the Himalayas
4. Musical instruments
He plays the guitar.
5. Ordinal numbers
the first day, the second chapter
6. Countries with plural names
the United States, the Netherlands
& SUBJECT–VERB AGREEMENT
Complete Notes (PDF-Ready)
SECTION 1: ARTICLES, DETERMINERS &
QUANTIFIERS
1. ARTICLES
Articles are words that define a noun as specific or non-specific.
There are three articles:
A / AN → Indefinite Articles
THE → Definite Article
1.1 Indefinite Articles (A / AN)
Use ‘A’ before:
● Words beginning with a consonant sound.
a boy, a cat, a university (/ju:/ sound), a European country
Use ‘AN’ before:
● Words beginning with a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u).
an apple, an eagle, an hour (/our/ sound), an honest person
, When to Use A/An
1. When referring to something general, not specific
I bought a book.
2. When mentioning something for the first time
I saw a dog.
3. To show profession
She is an engineer.
4. In expressions of quantity
a few, a little, a lot
1.2 Definite Article (THE)
Use THE when you refer to something specific
● The book on the table is mine.
Use THE for:
1. Unique things
the sun, the moon, the earth
2. Superlatives
the best, the tallest
3. Names of rivers, seas, oceans, deserts, mountain ranges
the Ganga, the Pacific Ocean, the Thar Desert, the Himalayas
4. Musical instruments
He plays the guitar.
5. Ordinal numbers
the first day, the second chapter
6. Countries with plural names
the United States, the Netherlands
