HCR 240 Final Exam 373 Questions with Verified
Answers
Blood cells passing through the arteries in the lungs are oxygenated and then
carry oxygen to the body - CORRECT ANSWER A patient asks the nurse why they
need to wear oxygen in the hospital and how it works with blood cells. Which is
the best response?
-Blood cells passing through the arteries in the lungs are oxygenated and then
carry oxygen to the body
-When you take in a breath the blood cells in your nose takes in the oxygen
-The blood that pumps through the heart takes in oxygen
-The blood receives oxygen from the bone marrow and carries it to the tissues
Oxygen diffusion is impaired by the congestion - CORRECT ANSWER How does
severe hypoxia develop with pneumonia?
-Inflammatory exudate absorbs oxygen from the alveolar air
-Infection reduces effective compensation by the heart
-Acidosis depresses respirations
-Oxygen diffusion is impaired by the congestion
97-100% - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse is discussing with the student nurse a
pulse oxygenation measurement. The student nurse knows what measurement is
acceptable for a pulse oxygenation reading in a healthy adult?
-92-95%
-89-92%
,-97-100%
-90-93%
Air trapping and hyperinflation - CORRECT ANSWER What causes the expanded
anteroposterior (A-P) thoracic diameter (barrel chest) in patients with
emphysema?
-Persistent coughing to remove mucus
-Recurrent damage to lung tissues
-Dilated bronchi and increased mucus secretions
-Air trapping and hyperinflation
Chronic cough - CORRECT ANSWER What is an early sign of lung cancer?
-Weight loss
-Chronic cough
-Air trapping and over inflation of the lung
-Bone pain
Sudden onset fever and chills with crackles and rusty sputum - CORRECT ANSWER
Which of the following describes lobar pneumonia?
-Sudden onset fever and chills with crackles and rusty sputum
-Insidious onset, diffuse interstitial infection
-Opportunistic bacteria causing low-grade fever with cough and thick greenish
sputum
-Viral infection causing nonproductive cough and pleurisy pain
,Exchange of gases between the environment and blood - CORRECT ANSWER One
of the functions of the pulmonary system is the?
-Principal mechanism for cooling the heart
-Exchange of gases between the environment and blood
-Movement of blood into and out of the capillaries
-Expelling of bacteria
Dyspnea - CORRECT ANSWER A 10-year-old develops pneumonia. Physical exam
reveals subcostal and intercostal retractions. The child reports that breathing is
difficult with feelings that "I cannot get enough air". What term should the nurse
use to document this condition?
-Cyanosis
-Hyperpnea
-Orthopnea
-Dyspnea
Cyanosis - CORRECT ANSWER A 65-year-old diagnosed with emphysema presents
to the ER for difficulty breathing. Physical exam reveals both bluish skin and
mucous membranes. What term will the nurse use to document these
observations?
-Hemoptysis
-Hematemesis
-Ischemia
-Cyanosis
, Tension pneumothorax - CORRECT ANSWER A 50-year-old presents with
hypertension, hypoxemia, and tracheal deviation to the left. Tests reveal that the
air pressure in the pleural cavity exceeds barometric pressure in the atmosphere.
Based upon these assessment findings what does the nurse suspect the patient is
experiencing?
-Open pneumothorax
-Pleural effusion
-Tension pneumothorax
-Transudative pneumothorax
Pink, frothy sputum - CORRECT ANSWER What assessment findings will the nurse
observe in a patient diagnosed with severe pulmonary edema?
-Pink, frothy sputum
-Thick mucus secretions
-Hypocapnia
-Wheezing
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) - CORRECT ANSWER A 42-year-old
presents with dyspnea, rapid shallow breathing, inspiratory crackles, decreased
lung compliance, and hypoxemia. Tests reveal a fulminant form of respiratory
failure characterized by acute lung inflammation and diffuse alveolocapillary
injury. What is the most likely diagnosis supported by the patient's condition?
-Sarcoidosis
-Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
-Malignant respiratory failure
Answers
Blood cells passing through the arteries in the lungs are oxygenated and then
carry oxygen to the body - CORRECT ANSWER A patient asks the nurse why they
need to wear oxygen in the hospital and how it works with blood cells. Which is
the best response?
-Blood cells passing through the arteries in the lungs are oxygenated and then
carry oxygen to the body
-When you take in a breath the blood cells in your nose takes in the oxygen
-The blood that pumps through the heart takes in oxygen
-The blood receives oxygen from the bone marrow and carries it to the tissues
Oxygen diffusion is impaired by the congestion - CORRECT ANSWER How does
severe hypoxia develop with pneumonia?
-Inflammatory exudate absorbs oxygen from the alveolar air
-Infection reduces effective compensation by the heart
-Acidosis depresses respirations
-Oxygen diffusion is impaired by the congestion
97-100% - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse is discussing with the student nurse a
pulse oxygenation measurement. The student nurse knows what measurement is
acceptable for a pulse oxygenation reading in a healthy adult?
-92-95%
-89-92%
,-97-100%
-90-93%
Air trapping and hyperinflation - CORRECT ANSWER What causes the expanded
anteroposterior (A-P) thoracic diameter (barrel chest) in patients with
emphysema?
-Persistent coughing to remove mucus
-Recurrent damage to lung tissues
-Dilated bronchi and increased mucus secretions
-Air trapping and hyperinflation
Chronic cough - CORRECT ANSWER What is an early sign of lung cancer?
-Weight loss
-Chronic cough
-Air trapping and over inflation of the lung
-Bone pain
Sudden onset fever and chills with crackles and rusty sputum - CORRECT ANSWER
Which of the following describes lobar pneumonia?
-Sudden onset fever and chills with crackles and rusty sputum
-Insidious onset, diffuse interstitial infection
-Opportunistic bacteria causing low-grade fever with cough and thick greenish
sputum
-Viral infection causing nonproductive cough and pleurisy pain
,Exchange of gases between the environment and blood - CORRECT ANSWER One
of the functions of the pulmonary system is the?
-Principal mechanism for cooling the heart
-Exchange of gases between the environment and blood
-Movement of blood into and out of the capillaries
-Expelling of bacteria
Dyspnea - CORRECT ANSWER A 10-year-old develops pneumonia. Physical exam
reveals subcostal and intercostal retractions. The child reports that breathing is
difficult with feelings that "I cannot get enough air". What term should the nurse
use to document this condition?
-Cyanosis
-Hyperpnea
-Orthopnea
-Dyspnea
Cyanosis - CORRECT ANSWER A 65-year-old diagnosed with emphysema presents
to the ER for difficulty breathing. Physical exam reveals both bluish skin and
mucous membranes. What term will the nurse use to document these
observations?
-Hemoptysis
-Hematemesis
-Ischemia
-Cyanosis
, Tension pneumothorax - CORRECT ANSWER A 50-year-old presents with
hypertension, hypoxemia, and tracheal deviation to the left. Tests reveal that the
air pressure in the pleural cavity exceeds barometric pressure in the atmosphere.
Based upon these assessment findings what does the nurse suspect the patient is
experiencing?
-Open pneumothorax
-Pleural effusion
-Tension pneumothorax
-Transudative pneumothorax
Pink, frothy sputum - CORRECT ANSWER What assessment findings will the nurse
observe in a patient diagnosed with severe pulmonary edema?
-Pink, frothy sputum
-Thick mucus secretions
-Hypocapnia
-Wheezing
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) - CORRECT ANSWER A 42-year-old
presents with dyspnea, rapid shallow breathing, inspiratory crackles, decreased
lung compliance, and hypoxemia. Tests reveal a fulminant form of respiratory
failure characterized by acute lung inflammation and diffuse alveolocapillary
injury. What is the most likely diagnosis supported by the patient's condition?
-Sarcoidosis
-Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
-Malignant respiratory failure
