WGU - SCRIPTING AND
PROGRAMMING FOUNDATIONS
CORRECT 100%
Program - ANSWERConsists of instructions executing one at a time.
Input - ANSWERA program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen,
network, etc.
Process - ANSWERA programs performs computations on that data, such as adding
two values like x + y.
Output - ANSWERA programs puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen,
network, etc.
Computational thinking - ANSWERCreating a sequence of instructions to solve a
problem.
Algorithm - ANSWERA sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
Statement - ANSWERCarries out some action and executing one at a time.
String literal - ANSWERConsists of text (characters) within double quotes, as in "Go
#57!".
Cursor - ANSWERIndicates where the next output item will be placed in the output.
Newline - ANSWERA special two-character sequence \n whose appearance in an
output string literal causes the cursor to move to the next output line. The newline exists
invisibly in the output.
Comment - ANSWERText added to a program, read by humans to understand the
code, but ignored by the program when executed.
Whitespace - ANSWERRefers to blank spaces (space and tab characters) between
items within a statement, and to newlines. Whitespace helps improve readability for
humans, but for execution purposes is mostly ignored.
Pseudocode - ANSWERText that resembles a program in a real programming language
but is simplified to aid human understanding.
, Assignment statement - ANSWERAssigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5. An
assignment statement's left side must be a variable. The right side is an
expression.Examples: x = 5, y = a, or z = w + 2.
= - ANSWERIn programming, = is an assignment of a left-side variable with a right-side
value. It does not represent equality like in mathematics.
Variable declaration - ANSWERDeclares a new variable, specifying the variable's name
and type.
Identifier - ANSWERA name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or
function. An identifier must: be a sequence of letters (a-z, A-Z), underscores (_), and
digits (0-9), AND start with a letter or underscore.
Reserved word or keyword - ANSWERA word that is part of the language, like integer,
Get, or Put. A programmer cannot use a reserved word as an identifier.
Lower camel case - ANSWERAbuts multiple words, capitalizing each word except the
first, such as numApples.
Underscore separated - ANSWERWords are lowercase and separated by an
underscore, such as num_apples.
Constant - ANSWERA named value item that holds a value that cannot change.
Element - ANSWEREach item in an array.
Index - ANSWERIn an array, each element's location number.
Scalar variable - ANSWERA single-item (non-array) variable.
Branch - ANSWERA sequence of statements only executed under a certain condition.
Nested branches - ANSWERA branch's statements can include any valid statements,
including another if-else branch.
Equality operator - ANSWERChecks whether two operand's values are the same (==)
or different (=!). Note that equality is ==, not just =.
Relational operator - ANSWERChecks how one operand's value relates to another, like
being greater than.
Logical operator - ANSWERTreats operands as being true or false, and evaluates to
true or false. Logical operators include and, or, not.
PROGRAMMING FOUNDATIONS
CORRECT 100%
Program - ANSWERConsists of instructions executing one at a time.
Input - ANSWERA program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen,
network, etc.
Process - ANSWERA programs performs computations on that data, such as adding
two values like x + y.
Output - ANSWERA programs puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen,
network, etc.
Computational thinking - ANSWERCreating a sequence of instructions to solve a
problem.
Algorithm - ANSWERA sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
Statement - ANSWERCarries out some action and executing one at a time.
String literal - ANSWERConsists of text (characters) within double quotes, as in "Go
#57!".
Cursor - ANSWERIndicates where the next output item will be placed in the output.
Newline - ANSWERA special two-character sequence \n whose appearance in an
output string literal causes the cursor to move to the next output line. The newline exists
invisibly in the output.
Comment - ANSWERText added to a program, read by humans to understand the
code, but ignored by the program when executed.
Whitespace - ANSWERRefers to blank spaces (space and tab characters) between
items within a statement, and to newlines. Whitespace helps improve readability for
humans, but for execution purposes is mostly ignored.
Pseudocode - ANSWERText that resembles a program in a real programming language
but is simplified to aid human understanding.
, Assignment statement - ANSWERAssigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5. An
assignment statement's left side must be a variable. The right side is an
expression.Examples: x = 5, y = a, or z = w + 2.
= - ANSWERIn programming, = is an assignment of a left-side variable with a right-side
value. It does not represent equality like in mathematics.
Variable declaration - ANSWERDeclares a new variable, specifying the variable's name
and type.
Identifier - ANSWERA name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or
function. An identifier must: be a sequence of letters (a-z, A-Z), underscores (_), and
digits (0-9), AND start with a letter or underscore.
Reserved word or keyword - ANSWERA word that is part of the language, like integer,
Get, or Put. A programmer cannot use a reserved word as an identifier.
Lower camel case - ANSWERAbuts multiple words, capitalizing each word except the
first, such as numApples.
Underscore separated - ANSWERWords are lowercase and separated by an
underscore, such as num_apples.
Constant - ANSWERA named value item that holds a value that cannot change.
Element - ANSWEREach item in an array.
Index - ANSWERIn an array, each element's location number.
Scalar variable - ANSWERA single-item (non-array) variable.
Branch - ANSWERA sequence of statements only executed under a certain condition.
Nested branches - ANSWERA branch's statements can include any valid statements,
including another if-else branch.
Equality operator - ANSWERChecks whether two operand's values are the same (==)
or different (=!). Note that equality is ==, not just =.
Relational operator - ANSWERChecks how one operand's value relates to another, like
being greater than.
Logical operator - ANSWERTreats operands as being true or false, and evaluates to
true or false. Logical operators include and, or, not.
