Evidence - Demonstrative - ANSWER Tangible items; see, touch,
smell, hear.
Evidence - Documentary - ANSWER Written form; business records,
banking, calendars, phone records, fire reports, etc...
Evidence - Testimonial - ANSWER Competent live witness speaking
under oath; two types; fact and expert
Evidence - illustrative - ANSWER Photos, sketches, maps, diagrams.
Modes are frequently used at trial.
Evidence - illustrative - ANSWER Photos and Videos; what, why, how,
when
Evidence collection - ANSWER Document in place, document the
collection, and use the proper container, (flag, bag, & tag)
Evidence - collection - ANSWER Fuel gas powered tools outside the
perimeter. Find out where tools were refuels.
Heat transfer - ANSWER Conduction, convection, radiation
Interviews - ANSWER Purpose of the interview; prepare for the
interview, document the interview
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Sparks from an aluminum wheel are not a
competent ignition source.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER The most common source of an open flame in
a vehicle is an exhaust system backfire out of a carburetor.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Carburetor backfire leaves a distinct pattern
on the hood.
,Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Two basic fuel systems: vacuum/low pressure
carbureted system, and high-pressure, fuel injected system.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Loose battery connections; not over-current
protected; loose connections can result in intermittent arcing.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Power steering fluid: Flashpoint 347-356*F,
autoignition 680-720*F.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Automatic Transmission Fluid: Flashpoint
302-536*F, autoignition 626-716*F.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Overcharging a battery does not cause it to
explode.
Explosions - ANSWER Low order damage: characterized by walls
bulge out or laid down, virtually intact, next to the structure. roofs slightly
left.
Explosions - ANSWER High order damage: shattering of the structure,
producing small debris pieces.
Explosions - ANSWER Post blast effects: burned debris away-fire
preceded, unburned the debris away-no fire.
Explosions - ANSWER Dust explosions: most often occur in confined
areas of relatively wide dispersal.
Explosions - ANSWER Search 1.5 times further than the farthest piece
of debris.
Fire effects/ fire patterns - ANSWER Char shrinks as it forms. More
reliable for evaluating fire spread, deduce the direction based on depth,
large shiny blisters (alligatoring) is not evidence of the use of an
accelerant.
, Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Spalling: loss of surface material
due to cracking, breaking, chipping, breakdown in surface tensile
strength, moisture present in the concrete, may appear lighter in color.
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Crazed glass: caused by rapid
cooling.
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Light bulbs 25W or more "pull"
(gases expand and bubble out); 25W or less contain a vacuum and can
pull in.
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Annealing (softening) of springs
may provide clues concerning direction, duration, and intensity.
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Saddle burns - A U-shaped burn
pattern found on the top of floor joists, caused by fire burning down
through the floor. Often, a saddle burn is caused by a burning liquid on
the floor or radiant heat from a material close to the floor. Saddle burns
display deep charring.
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Inverted cone burns are indicative
of the vertical flame plume not reaching the ceiling, short-lived fires with
a low HRR
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Melting Temperatures: Copper
1981*F; Aluminum 1220*F; Steel 2760*F
Heat Sources - ANSWER Mechanical: converted to heat when two
materials rub against each other and create friction.
Chemical: chemical reaction; exothermic and endothermic.
Electrical: Converted to heat energy; flowing through a conductor.
Nuclear: splitting the nucleus of an atom into two smaller nuclei (nuclear
fission)
smell, hear.
Evidence - Documentary - ANSWER Written form; business records,
banking, calendars, phone records, fire reports, etc...
Evidence - Testimonial - ANSWER Competent live witness speaking
under oath; two types; fact and expert
Evidence - illustrative - ANSWER Photos, sketches, maps, diagrams.
Modes are frequently used at trial.
Evidence - illustrative - ANSWER Photos and Videos; what, why, how,
when
Evidence collection - ANSWER Document in place, document the
collection, and use the proper container, (flag, bag, & tag)
Evidence - collection - ANSWER Fuel gas powered tools outside the
perimeter. Find out where tools were refuels.
Heat transfer - ANSWER Conduction, convection, radiation
Interviews - ANSWER Purpose of the interview; prepare for the
interview, document the interview
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Sparks from an aluminum wheel are not a
competent ignition source.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER The most common source of an open flame in
a vehicle is an exhaust system backfire out of a carburetor.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Carburetor backfire leaves a distinct pattern
on the hood.
,Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Two basic fuel systems: vacuum/low pressure
carbureted system, and high-pressure, fuel injected system.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Loose battery connections; not over-current
protected; loose connections can result in intermittent arcing.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Power steering fluid: Flashpoint 347-356*F,
autoignition 680-720*F.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Automatic Transmission Fluid: Flashpoint
302-536*F, autoignition 626-716*F.
Vehicle Fires - ANSWER Overcharging a battery does not cause it to
explode.
Explosions - ANSWER Low order damage: characterized by walls
bulge out or laid down, virtually intact, next to the structure. roofs slightly
left.
Explosions - ANSWER High order damage: shattering of the structure,
producing small debris pieces.
Explosions - ANSWER Post blast effects: burned debris away-fire
preceded, unburned the debris away-no fire.
Explosions - ANSWER Dust explosions: most often occur in confined
areas of relatively wide dispersal.
Explosions - ANSWER Search 1.5 times further than the farthest piece
of debris.
Fire effects/ fire patterns - ANSWER Char shrinks as it forms. More
reliable for evaluating fire spread, deduce the direction based on depth,
large shiny blisters (alligatoring) is not evidence of the use of an
accelerant.
, Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Spalling: loss of surface material
due to cracking, breaking, chipping, breakdown in surface tensile
strength, moisture present in the concrete, may appear lighter in color.
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Crazed glass: caused by rapid
cooling.
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Light bulbs 25W or more "pull"
(gases expand and bubble out); 25W or less contain a vacuum and can
pull in.
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Annealing (softening) of springs
may provide clues concerning direction, duration, and intensity.
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Saddle burns - A U-shaped burn
pattern found on the top of floor joists, caused by fire burning down
through the floor. Often, a saddle burn is caused by a burning liquid on
the floor or radiant heat from a material close to the floor. Saddle burns
display deep charring.
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Inverted cone burns are indicative
of the vertical flame plume not reaching the ceiling, short-lived fires with
a low HRR
Fire effects/fire patterns - ANSWER Melting Temperatures: Copper
1981*F; Aluminum 1220*F; Steel 2760*F
Heat Sources - ANSWER Mechanical: converted to heat when two
materials rub against each other and create friction.
Chemical: chemical reaction; exothermic and endothermic.
Electrical: Converted to heat energy; flowing through a conductor.
Nuclear: splitting the nucleus of an atom into two smaller nuclei (nuclear
fission)
