PAT 201 TEST 1 QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the role of Health Canada? - Answer-manage health-related risks and benefits
of health products and food, minimizing health-risk factors to Canadians, and
maximizing safety provided by regulating systems.
What is therapeutic classification of drugs? - Answer-according to intended effect such
as hypertensive which states what the drug does.
What is pharmacological classification of drugs? - Answer-how the drug works at a
tissue, body system level such as diuretics; it addresses the mechanism of action.
What is traditional drug classification? - Answer-produced by pharmaceutical
manufacturer.
What are biologics? - Answer-produced by animal cells and microorganisms, hormones,
antibodies, and vaccines.
What are natural health products? - Answer-plant extracts, vitamins, minerals, and
dietary supplements.
What is the human integration pyramid model? - Answer-addresses nursing and
pharmacological needs of clients.
What are the psychosocial domains in HPM? - Answer-considered when taking histories
where nurses need positive attitudes and high expectations about therapeutic
outcomes.
What are culture and ethnicity in HPM? - Answer-interconnected having difference in
diet, use of therapies, wellness, and genetic makeup
What are community/environmental factors? - Answer-affects health and public's access
to healthcare and pharmacotherapy.
What are genetic differences? - Answer-profound changes in the drug metabolism.
What are gender in HPM? - Answer-influences health maintenance, promotion,
treatment, and response.
, What is genetic polymorphism? - Answer-change in enzyme structure and function due
to mutations of the encoding gene; causes an increase or decrease in metabolization of
drugs in proteins that serve as receptors of drugs
What is Pain? - Answer-Adaptive and protective mechanism; among physical, cognitive,
spiritual, emotional, and environmental factors.
Associated with actual or potential tissue damage.
What is pain transduction? - Answer-converting pain stimulus to electrical signal
transmitted to the central nervous system.
What happens in pain transduction? - Answer-1. nociceptors activates due to physical,
chemical, and thermal changes.
2. causing ion channels (sodium, calcium, and potassium) to open on nociceptors.
3. creating electrical impulses that travels through axons of 2 primary nociceptors where
it is transmitted to the spinal cord, cortex, thalamus, and brainstem.
What is pain transmission? - Answer-conduction of pain impulses along alpha and c
fibres into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
What happens in pain transmission? - Answer-1. forms synapses with excitatory and
inhibitory interneurons in the substantia gelatinosa of the dorsal horn.
2. forms synapses with projecting neurons across the midline of the spinal cord, where it
ascends to the brain through 2 spinothalamic tracts.
3. carries fast and slow impulses and is connected to reticular formation, hypothalamus,
thalamus, and the limbic system.
4. impulses are then projected to the somatosensory cortex for interpretation, location,
and intensity of pain.
What is pain perception? - Answer-conscious awareness of pain.
Where does pain perception occur primarily? - Answer-cerebral cortex, limbic system,
and reticular formation.
What is pain perception influenced by? - Answer-genes, culture, sex, age, health, and
past pain experiences.
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the role of Health Canada? - Answer-manage health-related risks and benefits
of health products and food, minimizing health-risk factors to Canadians, and
maximizing safety provided by regulating systems.
What is therapeutic classification of drugs? - Answer-according to intended effect such
as hypertensive which states what the drug does.
What is pharmacological classification of drugs? - Answer-how the drug works at a
tissue, body system level such as diuretics; it addresses the mechanism of action.
What is traditional drug classification? - Answer-produced by pharmaceutical
manufacturer.
What are biologics? - Answer-produced by animal cells and microorganisms, hormones,
antibodies, and vaccines.
What are natural health products? - Answer-plant extracts, vitamins, minerals, and
dietary supplements.
What is the human integration pyramid model? - Answer-addresses nursing and
pharmacological needs of clients.
What are the psychosocial domains in HPM? - Answer-considered when taking histories
where nurses need positive attitudes and high expectations about therapeutic
outcomes.
What are culture and ethnicity in HPM? - Answer-interconnected having difference in
diet, use of therapies, wellness, and genetic makeup
What are community/environmental factors? - Answer-affects health and public's access
to healthcare and pharmacotherapy.
What are genetic differences? - Answer-profound changes in the drug metabolism.
What are gender in HPM? - Answer-influences health maintenance, promotion,
treatment, and response.
, What is genetic polymorphism? - Answer-change in enzyme structure and function due
to mutations of the encoding gene; causes an increase or decrease in metabolization of
drugs in proteins that serve as receptors of drugs
What is Pain? - Answer-Adaptive and protective mechanism; among physical, cognitive,
spiritual, emotional, and environmental factors.
Associated with actual or potential tissue damage.
What is pain transduction? - Answer-converting pain stimulus to electrical signal
transmitted to the central nervous system.
What happens in pain transduction? - Answer-1. nociceptors activates due to physical,
chemical, and thermal changes.
2. causing ion channels (sodium, calcium, and potassium) to open on nociceptors.
3. creating electrical impulses that travels through axons of 2 primary nociceptors where
it is transmitted to the spinal cord, cortex, thalamus, and brainstem.
What is pain transmission? - Answer-conduction of pain impulses along alpha and c
fibres into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
What happens in pain transmission? - Answer-1. forms synapses with excitatory and
inhibitory interneurons in the substantia gelatinosa of the dorsal horn.
2. forms synapses with projecting neurons across the midline of the spinal cord, where it
ascends to the brain through 2 spinothalamic tracts.
3. carries fast and slow impulses and is connected to reticular formation, hypothalamus,
thalamus, and the limbic system.
4. impulses are then projected to the somatosensory cortex for interpretation, location,
and intensity of pain.
What is pain perception? - Answer-conscious awareness of pain.
Where does pain perception occur primarily? - Answer-cerebral cortex, limbic system,
and reticular formation.
What is pain perception influenced by? - Answer-genes, culture, sex, age, health, and
past pain experiences.
