Clinical Reasoning Cases in Nursing 2026
TEST BANK Verified Chapters Complete
Question and Answers Newest Version
Process of clinical reasoning - answers -Plan
-Direct
-Perform
-Reflect on care
Types of Clinical Reasoning - answers -Scientific reasoning
-Conditional interractive reasoning
-Narrative reasoning
-Pragmatic reasoning
Scientific Reasoning (conditions that affect the person) - answers -Fact and information
-Logical
-Evidence based practice
-Diagnostic reasoning
-Procedural reasoning
Process of Scientific Reasoning - answers -What are the elements ?
-Weighing the known and unknown
-Evaluation
-Experimentation
-Application of theory
-Hypothesis generation
-Why and how
-Propositional thought (how is this an instance of...)
Diagnostic Reasoning (of scientific reasoning) - answers -What facts and cues are
gathered from records and reports
-Assessment data: What can and can't the client do, what is the probable cause of the
problem, where do we want to intervene?
Procedural Reasoning (of scientific reasoning) - answers -Continuous throughout
treatment
-what are cues of success or failure?
-what does theory suggest should be done?
-how much, when and how?
-Method
-expected outcomes
-evaluation of results
,Narrative Reasoning - answers -Motives
-Meaning of the client's condition
-Thinking in story form (past, present, future)
-illness narrative
-occupational narrative
Pragmatic Reasoning - answers -What is realistic?
-awareness of context
-PRACTICE CONTEXT
-PERSONAL CONTEXT
Practice context (of pragmatic reasoning) - answers -Available resources (time,
supplies, equipment)
-Organizational culture (workplace)
-Power relationships between team members
-Reimbursement and legal issues
Personal context (of pragmatic reasoning) - answers -abilities of the therapist:
-clinical competency
-preferences and style
-commitment to the profession
-life roles outside of work
Ethical Reasoning - answers -What should be done?
-What's best for the patient's situation?
-Balancing with pragmatic factors
-What is most important (means or ends)
Interactive & conditional reasoning - answers Interactive: framed by therapists world
views, listening, intuition about encouragement
Conditional: Considering the what ifs (imagining different scenarios and outcomes)
Development of Clinical Reasoning Skills - answers -Clinical experience
-Personal experience
-Reflection on experience (in action and on action)
-Education
Clinical Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - COMPLEX MULTIFACETED cognitive process
used by practitioners
- plan, direct, perform and reflect on intervention
- when treating pts you will make decisions as that should assist your client to meet their
functional goals.
- allows you to get to decided goals with a plan
5 Parts of Clinical Reasoning: - answers 1. Scientific Reasoning
,2. Narrative Reasoning
3. Pragmatic Reasoning
4. Ethical Reasoning
5. Conditional Reasoning
Scientific Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - logic reasoning for treatment
- HELPS you to to understand the nature of the condition
- decide on interventions that best fit the client
3 Parts of Scientific Reasoning: - answers 1. TREATMENT PLANNING
- use selected theories to identify problems and guide decision making
2. DIAGNOSTIC REASONING
- clinical problem solving and problem definition
- diagnosing what the problem is
3. PROCEDURAL REASONING
- disease and activity
- ONE OF THE MOST tangible reasoning skills that you as the therapist will use
- helps you to look at the disease and know what your intervention plan is
ASK WHAT in Scientific Reasoning: - answers 1. What is the nature of the illness, injury
or development problem?
2. what are the common disabilities resulting from this condition?
3. Typical impairments? protocols?
Narrative Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - understanding the meaning of the condition
to the person
- the meaning of the experience from the client's perspective
- thinking in a story form
- helps you gain rapport w/clients
ASK WHAT in Narrative Reasoning - answers 1. what is the person's life story?
2. what is most important to this person
3. what is meaningful and useful for meeting therapy goals
Pragmatic Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - used to understand the practical issues
affecting clinical action
- addresses the world in which therapy occurs
the practice context
- Rx resources, team members, practical competencies, life role demands
ASK WHAT in Pragmatic Reasoning - answers 1. who referred this person and why?
2. who is paying for services and what are expectations?
Ethical Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - used to choose morally defensible actions,
given competing interests
- the reasoning process terminates in an ethical decision
, ASK WHAT in Ethical Reasoning - answers - what are the benefits and risks to the
person?
- what is the fairest wait to prioritize care?
Conditional Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - more complex & more imaginative form of
thinking
- thinking outside the box
- allow us to think quickly on your feet
- know the condition, know their history
helps to come up with therapeutic exercises that will be done
Conditional Process: DEFINE - answers - flexibility to modify interventions
- future life possibilities
Interactive process: DEFINE - answers "do with" not "to"
- Scientific = nature of condition
- Narrative = person's story
- Pragmatic = practical issues
- Ethical = Morally defensible action
In any type of reasoning ask yourself...? - answers - what, why, how & who
- tell patient the what, why, how and who
Critical thinking - answers A disciplined mental process of analyzing problems, or
phenomena that have been gathered from observation, experience, reflection,
reasoning, or communication.
Critical thinking skills - answers Refers to the cognitive processes used in complex
thinking operations such as problem solving and decision making.
Critical thinking attitudes - answers Are not the same as intellectual skills. They are
more like feelings and traits of mind. Your attitudes and character determine whether
you will use your thinking skills fairly and with an open mind.
Nursing process - answers The systematic gathering of information relating to the
spiritual, mental, physical, socioeconomic, and cultural status of an individual, group or
community
What are the 6 phases of the nursing process? - answers 1. Assessment
2. Diagnosis
3. Planning outcomes
4. Planning interventions
5. Implementation
6. Evaluation
What are 5 aspects of critical thinking? - answers Clear
TEST BANK Verified Chapters Complete
Question and Answers Newest Version
Process of clinical reasoning - answers -Plan
-Direct
-Perform
-Reflect on care
Types of Clinical Reasoning - answers -Scientific reasoning
-Conditional interractive reasoning
-Narrative reasoning
-Pragmatic reasoning
Scientific Reasoning (conditions that affect the person) - answers -Fact and information
-Logical
-Evidence based practice
-Diagnostic reasoning
-Procedural reasoning
Process of Scientific Reasoning - answers -What are the elements ?
-Weighing the known and unknown
-Evaluation
-Experimentation
-Application of theory
-Hypothesis generation
-Why and how
-Propositional thought (how is this an instance of...)
Diagnostic Reasoning (of scientific reasoning) - answers -What facts and cues are
gathered from records and reports
-Assessment data: What can and can't the client do, what is the probable cause of the
problem, where do we want to intervene?
Procedural Reasoning (of scientific reasoning) - answers -Continuous throughout
treatment
-what are cues of success or failure?
-what does theory suggest should be done?
-how much, when and how?
-Method
-expected outcomes
-evaluation of results
,Narrative Reasoning - answers -Motives
-Meaning of the client's condition
-Thinking in story form (past, present, future)
-illness narrative
-occupational narrative
Pragmatic Reasoning - answers -What is realistic?
-awareness of context
-PRACTICE CONTEXT
-PERSONAL CONTEXT
Practice context (of pragmatic reasoning) - answers -Available resources (time,
supplies, equipment)
-Organizational culture (workplace)
-Power relationships between team members
-Reimbursement and legal issues
Personal context (of pragmatic reasoning) - answers -abilities of the therapist:
-clinical competency
-preferences and style
-commitment to the profession
-life roles outside of work
Ethical Reasoning - answers -What should be done?
-What's best for the patient's situation?
-Balancing with pragmatic factors
-What is most important (means or ends)
Interactive & conditional reasoning - answers Interactive: framed by therapists world
views, listening, intuition about encouragement
Conditional: Considering the what ifs (imagining different scenarios and outcomes)
Development of Clinical Reasoning Skills - answers -Clinical experience
-Personal experience
-Reflection on experience (in action and on action)
-Education
Clinical Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - COMPLEX MULTIFACETED cognitive process
used by practitioners
- plan, direct, perform and reflect on intervention
- when treating pts you will make decisions as that should assist your client to meet their
functional goals.
- allows you to get to decided goals with a plan
5 Parts of Clinical Reasoning: - answers 1. Scientific Reasoning
,2. Narrative Reasoning
3. Pragmatic Reasoning
4. Ethical Reasoning
5. Conditional Reasoning
Scientific Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - logic reasoning for treatment
- HELPS you to to understand the nature of the condition
- decide on interventions that best fit the client
3 Parts of Scientific Reasoning: - answers 1. TREATMENT PLANNING
- use selected theories to identify problems and guide decision making
2. DIAGNOSTIC REASONING
- clinical problem solving and problem definition
- diagnosing what the problem is
3. PROCEDURAL REASONING
- disease and activity
- ONE OF THE MOST tangible reasoning skills that you as the therapist will use
- helps you to look at the disease and know what your intervention plan is
ASK WHAT in Scientific Reasoning: - answers 1. What is the nature of the illness, injury
or development problem?
2. what are the common disabilities resulting from this condition?
3. Typical impairments? protocols?
Narrative Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - understanding the meaning of the condition
to the person
- the meaning of the experience from the client's perspective
- thinking in a story form
- helps you gain rapport w/clients
ASK WHAT in Narrative Reasoning - answers 1. what is the person's life story?
2. what is most important to this person
3. what is meaningful and useful for meeting therapy goals
Pragmatic Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - used to understand the practical issues
affecting clinical action
- addresses the world in which therapy occurs
the practice context
- Rx resources, team members, practical competencies, life role demands
ASK WHAT in Pragmatic Reasoning - answers 1. who referred this person and why?
2. who is paying for services and what are expectations?
Ethical Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - used to choose morally defensible actions,
given competing interests
- the reasoning process terminates in an ethical decision
, ASK WHAT in Ethical Reasoning - answers - what are the benefits and risks to the
person?
- what is the fairest wait to prioritize care?
Conditional Reasoning: DEFINE - answers - more complex & more imaginative form of
thinking
- thinking outside the box
- allow us to think quickly on your feet
- know the condition, know their history
helps to come up with therapeutic exercises that will be done
Conditional Process: DEFINE - answers - flexibility to modify interventions
- future life possibilities
Interactive process: DEFINE - answers "do with" not "to"
- Scientific = nature of condition
- Narrative = person's story
- Pragmatic = practical issues
- Ethical = Morally defensible action
In any type of reasoning ask yourself...? - answers - what, why, how & who
- tell patient the what, why, how and who
Critical thinking - answers A disciplined mental process of analyzing problems, or
phenomena that have been gathered from observation, experience, reflection,
reasoning, or communication.
Critical thinking skills - answers Refers to the cognitive processes used in complex
thinking operations such as problem solving and decision making.
Critical thinking attitudes - answers Are not the same as intellectual skills. They are
more like feelings and traits of mind. Your attitudes and character determine whether
you will use your thinking skills fairly and with an open mind.
Nursing process - answers The systematic gathering of information relating to the
spiritual, mental, physical, socioeconomic, and cultural status of an individual, group or
community
What are the 6 phases of the nursing process? - answers 1. Assessment
2. Diagnosis
3. Planning outcomes
4. Planning interventions
5. Implementation
6. Evaluation
What are 5 aspects of critical thinking? - answers Clear
