Psychology Exam quiz test and
answers graded A+
basic science - ANS✅✅the pursuit of knowledge about natural phenomenon for its own sake
applied science - ANS✅✅discovering ways to use scientific findings to accomplish practical goals
hypothesis - ANS✅✅an assumption or prediction about behavior that is tested through scientific
research
theory - ANS✅✅a set of assumptions used to explain phenomena and offered for scientific study
physiological needs - ANS✅✅having to do with an organism's physical processes
cognitive needs - ANS✅✅having to do with an organism's thinking and understanding
psychology - ANS✅✅the scientific study of behavior that is tested through scientific research
4 goals of psychology - ANS✅✅describe, predict, explain, influence
wilhelm wundt - ANS✅✅set up the first psychology lab in germany and used introspection
(scientific method)
introspection - ANS✅✅a method of self-observation in which participants report their thoughts
and feelings
functionalist - ANS✅✅a psychologist who studies the function (rather than the structure) of
consciousness
sir francis galton - ANS✅✅wanted to understand how heredity influences a person's abilities,
character, and behavior; concluded that genius or eminence is a hereditary trait
, gestalt principle - ANS✅✅the experience that comes from organizing bits and pieces of
information into meaningful wholes
sigmund freud - ANS✅✅studied the unconscious minds and dreams; created free association (the
patient says anything that comes to mind)
ivan pavlov - ANS✅✅behaviorist; the dog experiment
john b. watson - ANS✅✅behaviorist; "little albert" --believed that psychology should concern itself
only with the observable facts of behavior
b.f. skinner - ANS✅✅introduced the concept of "reinforcement"
reinforcement - ANS✅✅a response to a behavior that increases the likelihood the behavior will be
repeated
behaviorist - ANS✅✅a psychologist who analyzes how organisms learn or modify their behavior
based on their response to events in the environment
cognitivist - ANS✅✅a psychologist who studies how we process, store, retrieve, and use
information and how cognitive processes influence our behavior
abraham maslow - ANS✅✅described human nature as evolving and self-directed; humans are not
controlled by events or by unconscious forces; each person is unique and has a self-concept to
develop fully
dualism - ANS✅✅the concept that the mind and body are separate and distinct
case study - ANS✅✅research method that involves an intensive investigation of one or more
participants
sample - ANS✅✅the small group of participants, out of the total number available, that a
researcher studies
answers graded A+
basic science - ANS✅✅the pursuit of knowledge about natural phenomenon for its own sake
applied science - ANS✅✅discovering ways to use scientific findings to accomplish practical goals
hypothesis - ANS✅✅an assumption or prediction about behavior that is tested through scientific
research
theory - ANS✅✅a set of assumptions used to explain phenomena and offered for scientific study
physiological needs - ANS✅✅having to do with an organism's physical processes
cognitive needs - ANS✅✅having to do with an organism's thinking and understanding
psychology - ANS✅✅the scientific study of behavior that is tested through scientific research
4 goals of psychology - ANS✅✅describe, predict, explain, influence
wilhelm wundt - ANS✅✅set up the first psychology lab in germany and used introspection
(scientific method)
introspection - ANS✅✅a method of self-observation in which participants report their thoughts
and feelings
functionalist - ANS✅✅a psychologist who studies the function (rather than the structure) of
consciousness
sir francis galton - ANS✅✅wanted to understand how heredity influences a person's abilities,
character, and behavior; concluded that genius or eminence is a hereditary trait
, gestalt principle - ANS✅✅the experience that comes from organizing bits and pieces of
information into meaningful wholes
sigmund freud - ANS✅✅studied the unconscious minds and dreams; created free association (the
patient says anything that comes to mind)
ivan pavlov - ANS✅✅behaviorist; the dog experiment
john b. watson - ANS✅✅behaviorist; "little albert" --believed that psychology should concern itself
only with the observable facts of behavior
b.f. skinner - ANS✅✅introduced the concept of "reinforcement"
reinforcement - ANS✅✅a response to a behavior that increases the likelihood the behavior will be
repeated
behaviorist - ANS✅✅a psychologist who analyzes how organisms learn or modify their behavior
based on their response to events in the environment
cognitivist - ANS✅✅a psychologist who studies how we process, store, retrieve, and use
information and how cognitive processes influence our behavior
abraham maslow - ANS✅✅described human nature as evolving and self-directed; humans are not
controlled by events or by unconscious forces; each person is unique and has a self-concept to
develop fully
dualism - ANS✅✅the concept that the mind and body are separate and distinct
case study - ANS✅✅research method that involves an intensive investigation of one or more
participants
sample - ANS✅✅the small group of participants, out of the total number available, that a
researcher studies
