I Human Case Week 7 – 56-Year-Old Female:
Blood Pressure Recheck (2025 Case) Focus:
Hypertension follow-up, lifestyle counseling,
medication adherence, and cardiovascular risk
evaluation.
Patient History & Presentation
1. What is the primary reason for this patient's visit today?
a) Annual physical exam
b) New onset of chest pain
c) Blood pressure recheck ✓
d) Diabetes screening
2. A key component of diagnosing hypertension is:
a) A single high reading in the clinic
b) Two or more elevated readings on at least two separate occasions ✓
c) A high reading at home when the patient is stressed
d) The patient's report of occasional high readings
3. When taking a history for hypertension, it is crucial to assess for:
a) Favorite foods
b) End-organ damage symptoms ✓
c) Travel history
d) Childhood illnesses
4. Symptoms like headache, blurred vision, or dizziness in a hypertensive patient may
suggest:
a) Well-controlled BP
b) Hypertensive urgency ✓
c) Hypotension
d) Medication adherence
5. Which of the following is a classic symptom of hypertensive heart disease?
a) Joint pain
, b) Pedal edema and shortness of breath ✓
c) Skin rash
d) Frequent urination
Lifestyle Modifications & Counseling
6. The DASH diet is recommended for hypertension and is rich in:
a) Saturated fats and processed meats
b) Fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy ✓
c) High-sodium soups and canned goods
d) Simple carbohydrates and sugars
7. The recommended sodium intake for most adults with hypertension is less than:
a) 4000 mg per day
b) 2300 mg per day ✓
c) 1500 mg per day for all patients
d) 5000 mg per day
8. Which dietary pattern is most effective for lowering blood pressure?
a) Keto diet
b) DASH diet ✓
c) Atkins diet
d) Gluten-free diet
9. Aerobic physical activity recommended for BP control is:
a) 90 minutes of vigorous activity weekly
b) At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week ✓
c) Weightlifting only
d) No exercise needed if on medication
10. Which of these is a key goal of lifestyle modification in hypertension?
a) To replace the need for all medications
b) To reduce cardiovascular risk and potentially reduce medication dosage ✓
c) To allow for a more liberal sodium diet
d) To focus solely on weight loss
11. Moderation of alcohol intake is advised. What is the recommended limit for women?
a) ≤ 2 drinks per day
b) ≤ 1 drink per day ✓
c) ≤ 3 drinks per day
d) No alcohol is permitted
, 12. Which mineral, often found in bananas and potatoes, can help counteract the effects
of sodium?
a) Iron
b) Calcium
c) Potassium ✓
d) Magnesium
13. Smoking cessation is critical for hypertensive patients because smoking:
a) Lowers blood pressure
b) Causes immediate vasodilation
c) Damages blood vessels and raises BP acutely ✓
d) Has no direct effect on hypertension
14. Stress management techniques for BP control include all EXCEPT:
a) Deep breathing exercises
b) Meditation
c) Yoga
d) Increased caffeine consumption ✓
15. Weight loss of as little as ______ can significantly reduce blood pressure.
a) 1-2%
b) 5-10% of total body weight ✓
c) 15-20%
d) 25% or more
Medication Adherence
16. A patient reports forgetting to take their BP pills. The BEST initial response is:
a) "You must take them exactly on time or they won't work."
b) "Let's explore the reasons why you might be missing doses." ✓
c) "We need to switch your medication immediately."
d) "That's non-adherence and is very dangerous."
17. A common barrier to medication adherence is:
a) The color of the pill
b) Cost, side effects, and complexity of regimen ✓
c) The patient's height
d) The time of year
18. A practical strategy to improve adherence is:
a) Using a daily pill organizer ✓
Blood Pressure Recheck (2025 Case) Focus:
Hypertension follow-up, lifestyle counseling,
medication adherence, and cardiovascular risk
evaluation.
Patient History & Presentation
1. What is the primary reason for this patient's visit today?
a) Annual physical exam
b) New onset of chest pain
c) Blood pressure recheck ✓
d) Diabetes screening
2. A key component of diagnosing hypertension is:
a) A single high reading in the clinic
b) Two or more elevated readings on at least two separate occasions ✓
c) A high reading at home when the patient is stressed
d) The patient's report of occasional high readings
3. When taking a history for hypertension, it is crucial to assess for:
a) Favorite foods
b) End-organ damage symptoms ✓
c) Travel history
d) Childhood illnesses
4. Symptoms like headache, blurred vision, or dizziness in a hypertensive patient may
suggest:
a) Well-controlled BP
b) Hypertensive urgency ✓
c) Hypotension
d) Medication adherence
5. Which of the following is a classic symptom of hypertensive heart disease?
a) Joint pain
, b) Pedal edema and shortness of breath ✓
c) Skin rash
d) Frequent urination
Lifestyle Modifications & Counseling
6. The DASH diet is recommended for hypertension and is rich in:
a) Saturated fats and processed meats
b) Fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy ✓
c) High-sodium soups and canned goods
d) Simple carbohydrates and sugars
7. The recommended sodium intake for most adults with hypertension is less than:
a) 4000 mg per day
b) 2300 mg per day ✓
c) 1500 mg per day for all patients
d) 5000 mg per day
8. Which dietary pattern is most effective for lowering blood pressure?
a) Keto diet
b) DASH diet ✓
c) Atkins diet
d) Gluten-free diet
9. Aerobic physical activity recommended for BP control is:
a) 90 minutes of vigorous activity weekly
b) At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week ✓
c) Weightlifting only
d) No exercise needed if on medication
10. Which of these is a key goal of lifestyle modification in hypertension?
a) To replace the need for all medications
b) To reduce cardiovascular risk and potentially reduce medication dosage ✓
c) To allow for a more liberal sodium diet
d) To focus solely on weight loss
11. Moderation of alcohol intake is advised. What is the recommended limit for women?
a) ≤ 2 drinks per day
b) ≤ 1 drink per day ✓
c) ≤ 3 drinks per day
d) No alcohol is permitted
, 12. Which mineral, often found in bananas and potatoes, can help counteract the effects
of sodium?
a) Iron
b) Calcium
c) Potassium ✓
d) Magnesium
13. Smoking cessation is critical for hypertensive patients because smoking:
a) Lowers blood pressure
b) Causes immediate vasodilation
c) Damages blood vessels and raises BP acutely ✓
d) Has no direct effect on hypertension
14. Stress management techniques for BP control include all EXCEPT:
a) Deep breathing exercises
b) Meditation
c) Yoga
d) Increased caffeine consumption ✓
15. Weight loss of as little as ______ can significantly reduce blood pressure.
a) 1-2%
b) 5-10% of total body weight ✓
c) 15-20%
d) 25% or more
Medication Adherence
16. A patient reports forgetting to take their BP pills. The BEST initial response is:
a) "You must take them exactly on time or they won't work."
b) "Let's explore the reasons why you might be missing doses." ✓
c) "We need to switch your medication immediately."
d) "That's non-adherence and is very dangerous."
17. A common barrier to medication adherence is:
a) The color of the pill
b) Cost, side effects, and complexity of regimen ✓
c) The patient's height
d) The time of year
18. A practical strategy to improve adherence is:
a) Using a daily pill organizer ✓
