CALT EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS. VERIFIED
2025/2026.
Strephosymbolia - ANS means twisted symbols. The first term Orton used for dyslexia.
phonetics - ANS the study of speech sounds in spoken language
phonological awareness - ANS the ability to focus on units of sound in spoken language at the
sentence, word, syllable and phoneme levels
phonemic awareness - ANS awareness of speech sounds or phonemes in spoken words
phonics - ANS instruction that connects sounds and letters
synthetic phonics - ANS explicitly teaches individual grapheme-phoneme correspondences
before they are blended to form syllables or whole words
alphabetic principle - ANS the understanding that spoken sounds are represented in print by
written letters
consonant - ANS blocked / voiced or unvoiced sounds - a class of speech sounds with air flow
that is constricted or obstructed
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,vowel - ANS open and voiced sounds - a class of open speech sounds produced by the
passage of air through an open vocal tract
phonology - ANS the rules that determine how sounds are used in spoken language
fluency - ANS reading with rapidity and automaticity
prosody - ANS the rhythmic flow of oral reading
pragmatics - ANS set of rules that dictate communicative behavior and use of language, rules
we communicate by
syntax - ANS sentence structure, grammar, usage
semantics - ANS content of language, used to express knowledge of the world around us -
meaning
phoneme - ANS smallest unit of sound in a syllable
spelling - ANS sound to symbol / phoneme to grapheme, connect grapheme to phoneme
orthography - ANS the spelling of written language
orthographic memory - ANS memory of letter patterns and word spellings
metalinguistics - ANS awareness of language as an entity
guided discovery - ANS a method of leading students to new learning through questioning
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Heuristic - ANS means to discover by demonstration
grapheme - ANS a letter or letter cluster that represents a single speech sound
decoding - ANS word recognition in which the phonetic code is broken down to determine a
word
blending - ANS fusing individual sounds, syllables or words into meaningful units
reading - ANS symbol to sound / grapheme to phoneme
morpheme - ANS the smallest meaningful unit of language - a suffix, prefix, root or stem such
as awe, dis, in, inter, or word part such as cat, man. etc.
Knowledge of word meaning, rapid word recognition, and spelling ability greatly depend on
knowledge of word structure at the level of morphemes.
morphology - ANS the study of word formation patterns, meaningful units that make words
fricative - ANS a sound produced by forcing air through a narrow opening between the teeth
or lips / f / / sh / / z /
nasal sound - ANS a sound produced by forcing air out through th nose / n / / m /
continuant sound - ANS a sound prolonged in its production / m / / s / / f /
stop consonant sound - ANS a sound obstructed / they must be clipped off / b / / d /
aspiration - ANS puff of air
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
CORRECT ANSWERS. VERIFIED
2025/2026.
Strephosymbolia - ANS means twisted symbols. The first term Orton used for dyslexia.
phonetics - ANS the study of speech sounds in spoken language
phonological awareness - ANS the ability to focus on units of sound in spoken language at the
sentence, word, syllable and phoneme levels
phonemic awareness - ANS awareness of speech sounds or phonemes in spoken words
phonics - ANS instruction that connects sounds and letters
synthetic phonics - ANS explicitly teaches individual grapheme-phoneme correspondences
before they are blended to form syllables or whole words
alphabetic principle - ANS the understanding that spoken sounds are represented in print by
written letters
consonant - ANS blocked / voiced or unvoiced sounds - a class of speech sounds with air flow
that is constricted or obstructed
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,vowel - ANS open and voiced sounds - a class of open speech sounds produced by the
passage of air through an open vocal tract
phonology - ANS the rules that determine how sounds are used in spoken language
fluency - ANS reading with rapidity and automaticity
prosody - ANS the rhythmic flow of oral reading
pragmatics - ANS set of rules that dictate communicative behavior and use of language, rules
we communicate by
syntax - ANS sentence structure, grammar, usage
semantics - ANS content of language, used to express knowledge of the world around us -
meaning
phoneme - ANS smallest unit of sound in a syllable
spelling - ANS sound to symbol / phoneme to grapheme, connect grapheme to phoneme
orthography - ANS the spelling of written language
orthographic memory - ANS memory of letter patterns and word spellings
metalinguistics - ANS awareness of language as an entity
guided discovery - ANS a method of leading students to new learning through questioning
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Heuristic - ANS means to discover by demonstration
grapheme - ANS a letter or letter cluster that represents a single speech sound
decoding - ANS word recognition in which the phonetic code is broken down to determine a
word
blending - ANS fusing individual sounds, syllables or words into meaningful units
reading - ANS symbol to sound / grapheme to phoneme
morpheme - ANS the smallest meaningful unit of language - a suffix, prefix, root or stem such
as awe, dis, in, inter, or word part such as cat, man. etc.
Knowledge of word meaning, rapid word recognition, and spelling ability greatly depend on
knowledge of word structure at the level of morphemes.
morphology - ANS the study of word formation patterns, meaningful units that make words
fricative - ANS a sound produced by forcing air through a narrow opening between the teeth
or lips / f / / sh / / z /
nasal sound - ANS a sound produced by forcing air out through th nose / n / / m /
continuant sound - ANS a sound prolonged in its production / m / / s / / f /
stop consonant sound - ANS a sound obstructed / they must be clipped off / b / / d /
aspiration - ANS puff of air
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
