NUR3310 Quiz 3 content with correct
answers 2025
How is fluid balance monitored? - correct-answersosmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
What happens when increased plasma osmolality is detected? - correct-answersThe posterior
PG releases ADH, triggering the kidneys to retain fluid
What does increased osmolality cause? - correct-answersthirst mechanism in the hypothalamus
What is serum osmolality? - correct-answersis a test that measures the amount of chemicals
dissolved in the fluid portion of blood (serum).
What is the normal range of sodium? - correct-answers135-145 mEq/L
What does elevated sodium imply? - correct-answershypernatremia, dehydration, kidney
disease, hypercortisolism
What does low sodium mean? - correct-answershyponatremia, fluid overload, liver disease,
adrenal insufficiency
,What is the range for Potassium? - correct-answers3.5-5.0 mEq/L
What does elevated K+ mean? - correct-answershyperkalemia, dehydration, kidney disease,
acidosis, adrenal insufficiency, crush injuries
What does low K+ mean? - correct-answersHypokalemia, fluid overload, diuretic therapy,
alkalosis, insulin administration, hyperaldosteronism
What is the normal range for Ca? - correct-answers9-10.5 mg/dL
What does elevated Ca mean? - correct-answershypercalcemia, hyperthyroidism,
hyperparathyroidism
What does low Ca mean? - correct-answershypokalcemia, vitamin D deficiency, hypothyroidism,
hypoparathyroidism, kidney disease, excessive intake of phosphorus
What is the range for Chloride? - correct-answers98-106 mEq/L
What does elevated Chloride imply? - correct-answershyperchloremia, metabolic acidosis,
respiratory alkalosis, hyercortisolism
What does low Chloride imply? - correct-answershypochloremia, fluid overload, excessive
vomiting or diarrhea, adrenal insufficiency, diuretic therapy
What is the range for Magnesium? - correct-answers1.8-2.6 mEq/L
What does high Mg imply? - correct-answershypermagnesemia, kidney disease,
hyperthyroidism, adrenal insufficiency
, What does low Mg imply? - correct-answersHypomagnesemia, malnutrition, alcoholism,
ketoacidosis
What is the range for osmolarity? - correct-answers270-300 mOsm/L
What does high osmolarity imply? - correct-answersdehydration, hypernatremia, hyperglycemia
What does low osmolarity imply? - correct-answersfluid overload, hyponatremia, malnutrition
What is fluid excess? - correct-answershypervolemia •Fluid intake or retention is greater than
output
What conditions see fluid excess? - correct-answers•CHF, CKD, polydipsia, SIADH, etc
What are signs of fluid excess? - correct-answers•Peripheral edema, JVD crackles, dyspnea,
weight gain, weeping skin
•Elevated BP and bounding pulse
What is fluid deficit? - correct-answershypovolemia, •Fluid intake or retention is less than
output
What conditions cause fluid deficit? - correct-answers•Dehydration, GI issues, fever, burns, DI,
etc.
What are signs of fluid deficit? - correct-answers•Dry cracked skin, poor turgor, prolonged
capillary refill, sunken eyes/fontanelle
•Hypotension, weak rapid pulse
answers 2025
How is fluid balance monitored? - correct-answersosmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
What happens when increased plasma osmolality is detected? - correct-answersThe posterior
PG releases ADH, triggering the kidneys to retain fluid
What does increased osmolality cause? - correct-answersthirst mechanism in the hypothalamus
What is serum osmolality? - correct-answersis a test that measures the amount of chemicals
dissolved in the fluid portion of blood (serum).
What is the normal range of sodium? - correct-answers135-145 mEq/L
What does elevated sodium imply? - correct-answershypernatremia, dehydration, kidney
disease, hypercortisolism
What does low sodium mean? - correct-answershyponatremia, fluid overload, liver disease,
adrenal insufficiency
,What is the range for Potassium? - correct-answers3.5-5.0 mEq/L
What does elevated K+ mean? - correct-answershyperkalemia, dehydration, kidney disease,
acidosis, adrenal insufficiency, crush injuries
What does low K+ mean? - correct-answersHypokalemia, fluid overload, diuretic therapy,
alkalosis, insulin administration, hyperaldosteronism
What is the normal range for Ca? - correct-answers9-10.5 mg/dL
What does elevated Ca mean? - correct-answershypercalcemia, hyperthyroidism,
hyperparathyroidism
What does low Ca mean? - correct-answershypokalcemia, vitamin D deficiency, hypothyroidism,
hypoparathyroidism, kidney disease, excessive intake of phosphorus
What is the range for Chloride? - correct-answers98-106 mEq/L
What does elevated Chloride imply? - correct-answershyperchloremia, metabolic acidosis,
respiratory alkalosis, hyercortisolism
What does low Chloride imply? - correct-answershypochloremia, fluid overload, excessive
vomiting or diarrhea, adrenal insufficiency, diuretic therapy
What is the range for Magnesium? - correct-answers1.8-2.6 mEq/L
What does high Mg imply? - correct-answershypermagnesemia, kidney disease,
hyperthyroidism, adrenal insufficiency
, What does low Mg imply? - correct-answersHypomagnesemia, malnutrition, alcoholism,
ketoacidosis
What is the range for osmolarity? - correct-answers270-300 mOsm/L
What does high osmolarity imply? - correct-answersdehydration, hypernatremia, hyperglycemia
What does low osmolarity imply? - correct-answersfluid overload, hyponatremia, malnutrition
What is fluid excess? - correct-answershypervolemia •Fluid intake or retention is greater than
output
What conditions see fluid excess? - correct-answers•CHF, CKD, polydipsia, SIADH, etc
What are signs of fluid excess? - correct-answers•Peripheral edema, JVD crackles, dyspnea,
weight gain, weeping skin
•Elevated BP and bounding pulse
What is fluid deficit? - correct-answershypovolemia, •Fluid intake or retention is less than
output
What conditions cause fluid deficit? - correct-answers•Dehydration, GI issues, fever, burns, DI,
etc.
What are signs of fluid deficit? - correct-answers•Dry cracked skin, poor turgor, prolonged
capillary refill, sunken eyes/fontanelle
•Hypotension, weak rapid pulse
