NUR 425 MedSurg 2 - Exam 3 (Study Guide) UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Diagnostic lab findings consistent with Troponin
myocardial injury? ** gold standard for determining if pt suffered a cardiac injury
Diagnostic standard for diagnosing MI? ECG
Patient Education: The pain and fear of MI Sit down and talk with patient about everything being done.
can cause anxiety and feelings of
impending doom?
What is a good item that is low in sodium Skinless Chicken Breast
(Na) and saturated fats?
Increased _______ results in a more Increased preload results in a more forceful contraction and increases cardiac
forceful contraction and ______ cardiac output.
output.
A reduction in cardiac contractility results in lower preload and subsequent cardiac
A ______ in cardiac contractility results in
output.
lower ________ and subsequent cardiac
output.
Note: Hypovolemia is a lower blood volume and will result in lower cardiac output
________ is a lower blood volume and will Hy povolemia is a lower blood volume and will result in lower cardiac output.
result in______ cardiac output.
__________ resistance increases ________ and Peripheral vascular resistance increases afterload and increases the workload on
increases the workload on the heart. the heart.
What RX is used to decrease afterload? Antihypertensives
What RX to decrease preload? Diuretics
What RX is used to increase contractility? Inotropic
1. Lifestyle changes
Education for a patient with cardiac disease
2. Diet and nutrition
includes what teachings?
3. Report chest pain immediately
, Early intervention for newly diagnosed Lifestyle change- Risk reduction
prehypertension?
Hypertensive Crisis is often the result of? Not following medication dosing instructions
1. Severe Headache
2. Blurred Vision
Hypertensive crisis symptoms
3. Epistaxis
4. Extremely high BP
Priority nursing assessment to prevent Recognize the manifestations
hypertensive crisis complications?
BP greater than 130/80 based on the average of two or more readings taken on
How is HTN diagnosed?
separate occasions
When taking a patient's BP, it is higher than Switch arms and retake the BP.
their baseline, what is the appropriate
nursing intervention?
Lower BP
What are the expected outcomes of
effective HTN treatment?
Remember: BP at goal (typically < 130/80)
First line treatment for HTN? Thiazide diuretic
_____ can lead to stroke which is Atherosclerosis can lead to stroke which is manifested with facial drooping and
manifested with _____ drooping and _____ slurred speech.
speech.
If the nurse finds a patient with symptoms 1. Initiate Rapid Response
of stroke, what are the three priority 2. Protect Airway: Raise HOB, Turn, Suction
nursing interventions/ actions? 3. Vitals
1. Smoking
Atherosclerosis: What are four modifiable 2. Diet
risk factors? 3. Activity
4. Obesity
What are some risk factors for - Elevated cholesterol, triglycerides, & LDL
Atherosclerosis? - Low HDL
High BP, High Cholesterol, HA1C of 7.5 -- if BP
all the medications are ordered which on
do you administer first?
CAD: Does smoking affect your arteries, - Smoking causes constriction and narrowing of arteries.
valves, contractility, and/or rate? - Does not alter valves, rate or contractility directly.
What does PCTA stand for? Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
What is percutaneous transluminal The procedure most commonly performed to relieve symptoms caused by
coronary angioplasty (PCTA)? atherosclerotic changes in the coronary vessels.
PCTA, why is it performed? Opens blocked coronary arteries to improve blood flow to the heart muscle.
When do you take diuretics? Take early morning and early afternoon to prevent nocturia
- Jugular vein dictation
What are three common symptoms of
- Abdominal distention
Right Sided Heart Failure?
- Lower extremity edema
What are two risk factor Right Sided Heart - Pulmonary HTN
Failure? - JVD
and CORRECT Answers
Diagnostic lab findings consistent with Troponin
myocardial injury? ** gold standard for determining if pt suffered a cardiac injury
Diagnostic standard for diagnosing MI? ECG
Patient Education: The pain and fear of MI Sit down and talk with patient about everything being done.
can cause anxiety and feelings of
impending doom?
What is a good item that is low in sodium Skinless Chicken Breast
(Na) and saturated fats?
Increased _______ results in a more Increased preload results in a more forceful contraction and increases cardiac
forceful contraction and ______ cardiac output.
output.
A reduction in cardiac contractility results in lower preload and subsequent cardiac
A ______ in cardiac contractility results in
output.
lower ________ and subsequent cardiac
output.
Note: Hypovolemia is a lower blood volume and will result in lower cardiac output
________ is a lower blood volume and will Hy povolemia is a lower blood volume and will result in lower cardiac output.
result in______ cardiac output.
__________ resistance increases ________ and Peripheral vascular resistance increases afterload and increases the workload on
increases the workload on the heart. the heart.
What RX is used to decrease afterload? Antihypertensives
What RX to decrease preload? Diuretics
What RX is used to increase contractility? Inotropic
1. Lifestyle changes
Education for a patient with cardiac disease
2. Diet and nutrition
includes what teachings?
3. Report chest pain immediately
, Early intervention for newly diagnosed Lifestyle change- Risk reduction
prehypertension?
Hypertensive Crisis is often the result of? Not following medication dosing instructions
1. Severe Headache
2. Blurred Vision
Hypertensive crisis symptoms
3. Epistaxis
4. Extremely high BP
Priority nursing assessment to prevent Recognize the manifestations
hypertensive crisis complications?
BP greater than 130/80 based on the average of two or more readings taken on
How is HTN diagnosed?
separate occasions
When taking a patient's BP, it is higher than Switch arms and retake the BP.
their baseline, what is the appropriate
nursing intervention?
Lower BP
What are the expected outcomes of
effective HTN treatment?
Remember: BP at goal (typically < 130/80)
First line treatment for HTN? Thiazide diuretic
_____ can lead to stroke which is Atherosclerosis can lead to stroke which is manifested with facial drooping and
manifested with _____ drooping and _____ slurred speech.
speech.
If the nurse finds a patient with symptoms 1. Initiate Rapid Response
of stroke, what are the three priority 2. Protect Airway: Raise HOB, Turn, Suction
nursing interventions/ actions? 3. Vitals
1. Smoking
Atherosclerosis: What are four modifiable 2. Diet
risk factors? 3. Activity
4. Obesity
What are some risk factors for - Elevated cholesterol, triglycerides, & LDL
Atherosclerosis? - Low HDL
High BP, High Cholesterol, HA1C of 7.5 -- if BP
all the medications are ordered which on
do you administer first?
CAD: Does smoking affect your arteries, - Smoking causes constriction and narrowing of arteries.
valves, contractility, and/or rate? - Does not alter valves, rate or contractility directly.
What does PCTA stand for? Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
What is percutaneous transluminal The procedure most commonly performed to relieve symptoms caused by
coronary angioplasty (PCTA)? atherosclerotic changes in the coronary vessels.
PCTA, why is it performed? Opens blocked coronary arteries to improve blood flow to the heart muscle.
When do you take diuretics? Take early morning and early afternoon to prevent nocturia
- Jugular vein dictation
What are three common symptoms of
- Abdominal distention
Right Sided Heart Failure?
- Lower extremity edema
What are two risk factor Right Sided Heart - Pulmonary HTN
Failure? - JVD
