NUR 445: Exam 1 Review endo UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What test will be run before discharging HbAc
DKA patient?
What A1ACH is good for a diabetic patient? 7
Have some insulin but body might be resistance causing blood glucose to be high
What is HHS?
for a long period of time.
Who do you see commonly have HHS? Type 2 DM
- Delay in treatment
- Impaired renal function
What are four causes of HHS? (Hint: DIPN)
-Poor oral intake
-Not enough insulin
- Blood glucose > 600
-Electrolyte imbalances
What are five signs and symptoms you
- Neuro changes (alteration in LOC)
would see in HHS? (Hint: "BEN has a pHD")
- pH greater than 7.4
- Dehydration
- Fluids (0.9% NS)
-IV insulin
What are five interventions you would do
- Strict I&O
for a client with HHS? (Hint: FISHE)
- Hourly Glucose checks
- Educate patient on management and treatment adherence
What is the main electrolyte we are K+
concerned with DKA or HHS?
Deficiency of insulin leading to the use of stored fats for energy. Leading to ketosis
What is DKA?
and acidosis state.
DKA: What patient would you commonly Type 1 diabetic
see this condition in?
, - Infection
What are three causes of DKA? - Stress
- Skipped/ missed insulin
- Fruity breath
- Kussmaul breathing
- Urine/ serum ketones
What are seven signs and symptoms of
- Serum glucose of >250
DKA? (Hint: F.K.U.S.A.D.P)
- Abdominal pain (n/v)
- Dehydration (increased HR / decreased BP)
- Positive anion gap
What is the anion gap formula? Na+ - (Cl- + HCO3-)
- Hydration (0.9% NS)
- Hourly glucose check (give IV insulin dip 10%)
What are six interventions for DKA? (Hint:
- Monitor for ketones. (I&Os)
"Hungry Hippos Munch Many Cheesy
- Monitor more when patient is sick
Nachos")
- Notify provider if serum glucose is >250 & N/V >24 hrs
- Check K+
What should we educate patient on how to - Fluid replacement
manage sick days at home to prevent DKA? -Assess blood glucose more often
(FAC) - Check for ketones.
How will you know if the problem is DKA or Check pH: DKA will have acidosis.
HHS?
Which insulin do you give at night? Long-acting insulin (insulin glargine/ Lantus)
- Onset: 1 hr
- Peak: none
What is the onset, peak, and duration of
- Duration 10-24 hours
insulin glargine?
Remember: No mixing
1) Regular (short acting ex: Humulin R)
2) NPH (intermediate acting ex: Humulin N)
How do you mix regular insulin with NPH 3) Inject air into cloudy (NPH)
insulin? (Hint: 6 steps) 4) Inject air into clear (regular)
5) Draw from clear
6) Draw from cloudy
Low T3 and T4 thyroid hormones
Describe the patho and causes of - Pituitary tumor Low iodine, antithyroid treatments
hypothyroidism. (hint:Pal) - Autoimmune: Hashimoto's (low and slow)
-Low iodine, antithyroid treatments
- Hypothyroidism
What are two causes myxedema coma?
- Medication adjustment is not right.
- Hypoxia
- Carbon dioxide retention
- Lethargy
- Fatigue
What are nine clinical manifestations of
- Goiter
myxedema coma? (Hint: H.C.L.F.G.C.W.H.H)
- Cold intolerance
- Weight gain
- Hypoglycemia
- Hyponatremia
Answers
What test will be run before discharging HbAc
DKA patient?
What A1ACH is good for a diabetic patient? 7
Have some insulin but body might be resistance causing blood glucose to be high
What is HHS?
for a long period of time.
Who do you see commonly have HHS? Type 2 DM
- Delay in treatment
- Impaired renal function
What are four causes of HHS? (Hint: DIPN)
-Poor oral intake
-Not enough insulin
- Blood glucose > 600
-Electrolyte imbalances
What are five signs and symptoms you
- Neuro changes (alteration in LOC)
would see in HHS? (Hint: "BEN has a pHD")
- pH greater than 7.4
- Dehydration
- Fluids (0.9% NS)
-IV insulin
What are five interventions you would do
- Strict I&O
for a client with HHS? (Hint: FISHE)
- Hourly Glucose checks
- Educate patient on management and treatment adherence
What is the main electrolyte we are K+
concerned with DKA or HHS?
Deficiency of insulin leading to the use of stored fats for energy. Leading to ketosis
What is DKA?
and acidosis state.
DKA: What patient would you commonly Type 1 diabetic
see this condition in?
, - Infection
What are three causes of DKA? - Stress
- Skipped/ missed insulin
- Fruity breath
- Kussmaul breathing
- Urine/ serum ketones
What are seven signs and symptoms of
- Serum glucose of >250
DKA? (Hint: F.K.U.S.A.D.P)
- Abdominal pain (n/v)
- Dehydration (increased HR / decreased BP)
- Positive anion gap
What is the anion gap formula? Na+ - (Cl- + HCO3-)
- Hydration (0.9% NS)
- Hourly glucose check (give IV insulin dip 10%)
What are six interventions for DKA? (Hint:
- Monitor for ketones. (I&Os)
"Hungry Hippos Munch Many Cheesy
- Monitor more when patient is sick
Nachos")
- Notify provider if serum glucose is >250 & N/V >24 hrs
- Check K+
What should we educate patient on how to - Fluid replacement
manage sick days at home to prevent DKA? -Assess blood glucose more often
(FAC) - Check for ketones.
How will you know if the problem is DKA or Check pH: DKA will have acidosis.
HHS?
Which insulin do you give at night? Long-acting insulin (insulin glargine/ Lantus)
- Onset: 1 hr
- Peak: none
What is the onset, peak, and duration of
- Duration 10-24 hours
insulin glargine?
Remember: No mixing
1) Regular (short acting ex: Humulin R)
2) NPH (intermediate acting ex: Humulin N)
How do you mix regular insulin with NPH 3) Inject air into cloudy (NPH)
insulin? (Hint: 6 steps) 4) Inject air into clear (regular)
5) Draw from clear
6) Draw from cloudy
Low T3 and T4 thyroid hormones
Describe the patho and causes of - Pituitary tumor Low iodine, antithyroid treatments
hypothyroidism. (hint:Pal) - Autoimmune: Hashimoto's (low and slow)
-Low iodine, antithyroid treatments
- Hypothyroidism
What are two causes myxedema coma?
- Medication adjustment is not right.
- Hypoxia
- Carbon dioxide retention
- Lethargy
- Fatigue
What are nine clinical manifestations of
- Goiter
myxedema coma? (Hint: H.C.L.F.G.C.W.H.H)
- Cold intolerance
- Weight gain
- Hypoglycemia
- Hyponatremia
