ASREB 12-13 2026 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || 100%
GUARANTEED PASS <RECENT VERSION>
1. What is the primary source of law in Ethiopia's legal system?
A. Proclamations issued by the House of Peoples' Representatives
B. Regulations issued by the Council of Ministers
C. Directives from regional bureaus
D. Customary practices
2. The power of judicial review of laws for their constitutionality is vested in:
A. The Federal Supreme Court
B. The House of Federation
C. The Council of Constitutional Inquiry
D. The Attorney General
3. A "Regulation" is a secondary legislation issued by:
A. The House of Peoples' Representatives
B. The Prime Minister
C. The Council of Ministers
D. Any Federal Organ
4. The principle that requires government action to be based on and authorized by law is:
A. The Rule of Law
B. Separation of Powers
C. Constitutional Supremacy
D. Federalism
5. Which article of the FDRE Constitution guarantees the right to freedom of thought, opinion,
and expression?
A. Article 15
B. Article 26
C. Article 29
D. Article 32
6. The right to assemble and demonstrate is protected under the FDRE Constitution, but it can
be limited:
A. For any reason deemed necessary by the government
,B. Only in a state of emergency
C. In accordance with law, necessary to protect public morals and peace
D. It is an absolute right and cannot be limited
7. The "presumption of innocence" in criminal procedure means:
A. The accused must prove they are innocent.
B. The burden of proof rests entirely on the prosecution.
C. The police must have probable cause for arrest.
D. The accused has the right to remain silent.
8. Which of the following is NOT a core element of a valid contract under the Ethiopian Civil
Code?
A. Capacity of the parties
B. Certainty of the object
C. A written and signed document
D. Consent free of vitiating defects
9. In the context of property law, "usufruct" refers to the right to:
A. Own a property indefinitely.
B. Use and enjoy the fruits of a property owned by another.
C. Mortgage a property as security.
D. Sell a property without the owner's consent.
10. The primary legislation governing criminal procedure at the federal level in Ethiopia is:
A. The Federal Courts Proclamation
B. The Criminal Code of the FDRE
C. The Criminal Procedure Code
D. The Evidence Law
11. An "offer" in contract law can be revoked:
A. At any time before acceptance is communicated.
B. Only after a reasonable time has passed.
C. Never, once it is made.
D. Only if the offeree agrees.
12. The legal principle stare decisis is most closely associated with:
A. The hierarchy of courts.
B. The binding nature of judicial precedent.
C. The right to a fair trial.
D. The interpretation of statutes.
,13. Which court has the power to hear and settle administrative disputes at the federal level?
A. The Federal First Instance Court
B. The Federal High Court
C. The Federal Supreme Court
D. A specialized Administrative Court
14. The standard of proof required in a civil case is:
A. Beyond a reasonable doubt
B. Balance of probabilities / Preponderance of evidence
C. Clear and convincing evidence
D. Reasonable suspicion
15. A "tort" is best defined as:
A. A breach of contract.
B. A criminal offense against the state.
C. A civil wrong that causes loss or harm, leading to legal liability.
D. A violation of a constitutional right.
16. The main purpose of the Anti-Corruption Commission is to:
A. Prosecute all criminal cases.
B. Investigate and prosecute corruption offenses.
C. Advise the government on legal matters.
D. Audit public finances.
17. Which body is responsible for the supervision and discipline of advocates in Ethiopia?
A. The Federal Supreme Court
B. The Ministry of Justice
C. The Ethiopian Federal Bar Association
D. The House of Peoples' Representatives
18. The legal doctrine that prevents a person from asserting a right or fact that is contrary to
their previous position or conduct is:
A. Estoppel
B. Waiver
C. Novation
D. Rescission
19. Under the Labour Proclamation, the maximum probation period for a new employee is:
A. 30 days
B. 45 days
, C. 60 days
D. 90 days
20. A "without prejudice" communication is generally:
A. Admissible in court as an admission.
B. Inadmissible in court to prove liability.
C. A final and binding settlement offer.
D. A formal legal pleading.
21. The principle of audi alteram partem means:
A. The burden of proof is on the accuser.
B. No one should be a judge in their own cause.
C. Hear the other side.
D. Justice must not only be done, but must be seen to be done.
22. Which of the following is a vitiating factor in a contract?
A. An offer and acceptance
B. Consideration
C. Mistake, fraud, or duress
D. Legal object
23. The statute of limitations for filing a personal injury tort claim in Ethiopia is generally:
A. 1 year
B. 2 years
C. 5 years
D. 10 years
24. The primary law governing the investment sector in Ethiopia is the:
A. Commercial Code
B. Investment Proclamation
C. Trade Practice Proclamation
D. Industrial Parks Proclamation
25. A "directive" is a legally binding instruction typically issued by:
A. The House of Peoples' Representatives
B. A Minister or a public body to subordinate organs.
C. The Federal Supreme Court
D. Regional Councils
26. The legal age of capacity for most civil transactions in Ethiopia is:
A. 16 years
WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || 100%
GUARANTEED PASS <RECENT VERSION>
1. What is the primary source of law in Ethiopia's legal system?
A. Proclamations issued by the House of Peoples' Representatives
B. Regulations issued by the Council of Ministers
C. Directives from regional bureaus
D. Customary practices
2. The power of judicial review of laws for their constitutionality is vested in:
A. The Federal Supreme Court
B. The House of Federation
C. The Council of Constitutional Inquiry
D. The Attorney General
3. A "Regulation" is a secondary legislation issued by:
A. The House of Peoples' Representatives
B. The Prime Minister
C. The Council of Ministers
D. Any Federal Organ
4. The principle that requires government action to be based on and authorized by law is:
A. The Rule of Law
B. Separation of Powers
C. Constitutional Supremacy
D. Federalism
5. Which article of the FDRE Constitution guarantees the right to freedom of thought, opinion,
and expression?
A. Article 15
B. Article 26
C. Article 29
D. Article 32
6. The right to assemble and demonstrate is protected under the FDRE Constitution, but it can
be limited:
A. For any reason deemed necessary by the government
,B. Only in a state of emergency
C. In accordance with law, necessary to protect public morals and peace
D. It is an absolute right and cannot be limited
7. The "presumption of innocence" in criminal procedure means:
A. The accused must prove they are innocent.
B. The burden of proof rests entirely on the prosecution.
C. The police must have probable cause for arrest.
D. The accused has the right to remain silent.
8. Which of the following is NOT a core element of a valid contract under the Ethiopian Civil
Code?
A. Capacity of the parties
B. Certainty of the object
C. A written and signed document
D. Consent free of vitiating defects
9. In the context of property law, "usufruct" refers to the right to:
A. Own a property indefinitely.
B. Use and enjoy the fruits of a property owned by another.
C. Mortgage a property as security.
D. Sell a property without the owner's consent.
10. The primary legislation governing criminal procedure at the federal level in Ethiopia is:
A. The Federal Courts Proclamation
B. The Criminal Code of the FDRE
C. The Criminal Procedure Code
D. The Evidence Law
11. An "offer" in contract law can be revoked:
A. At any time before acceptance is communicated.
B. Only after a reasonable time has passed.
C. Never, once it is made.
D. Only if the offeree agrees.
12. The legal principle stare decisis is most closely associated with:
A. The hierarchy of courts.
B. The binding nature of judicial precedent.
C. The right to a fair trial.
D. The interpretation of statutes.
,13. Which court has the power to hear and settle administrative disputes at the federal level?
A. The Federal First Instance Court
B. The Federal High Court
C. The Federal Supreme Court
D. A specialized Administrative Court
14. The standard of proof required in a civil case is:
A. Beyond a reasonable doubt
B. Balance of probabilities / Preponderance of evidence
C. Clear and convincing evidence
D. Reasonable suspicion
15. A "tort" is best defined as:
A. A breach of contract.
B. A criminal offense against the state.
C. A civil wrong that causes loss or harm, leading to legal liability.
D. A violation of a constitutional right.
16. The main purpose of the Anti-Corruption Commission is to:
A. Prosecute all criminal cases.
B. Investigate and prosecute corruption offenses.
C. Advise the government on legal matters.
D. Audit public finances.
17. Which body is responsible for the supervision and discipline of advocates in Ethiopia?
A. The Federal Supreme Court
B. The Ministry of Justice
C. The Ethiopian Federal Bar Association
D. The House of Peoples' Representatives
18. The legal doctrine that prevents a person from asserting a right or fact that is contrary to
their previous position or conduct is:
A. Estoppel
B. Waiver
C. Novation
D. Rescission
19. Under the Labour Proclamation, the maximum probation period for a new employee is:
A. 30 days
B. 45 days
, C. 60 days
D. 90 days
20. A "without prejudice" communication is generally:
A. Admissible in court as an admission.
B. Inadmissible in court to prove liability.
C. A final and binding settlement offer.
D. A formal legal pleading.
21. The principle of audi alteram partem means:
A. The burden of proof is on the accuser.
B. No one should be a judge in their own cause.
C. Hear the other side.
D. Justice must not only be done, but must be seen to be done.
22. Which of the following is a vitiating factor in a contract?
A. An offer and acceptance
B. Consideration
C. Mistake, fraud, or duress
D. Legal object
23. The statute of limitations for filing a personal injury tort claim in Ethiopia is generally:
A. 1 year
B. 2 years
C. 5 years
D. 10 years
24. The primary law governing the investment sector in Ethiopia is the:
A. Commercial Code
B. Investment Proclamation
C. Trade Practice Proclamation
D. Industrial Parks Proclamation
25. A "directive" is a legally binding instruction typically issued by:
A. The House of Peoples' Representatives
B. A Minister or a public body to subordinate organs.
C. The Federal Supreme Court
D. Regional Councils
26. The legal age of capacity for most civil transactions in Ethiopia is:
A. 16 years
