UAMS HEMATOLOGY ACTUAL EXAMINATION
TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ Blood will respond by increasing the amount of. Answer: 2,3-BPG
◉ Ammonia Will have decreased. Answer: hemoglobin affinity for O2
causing right shift in the oxygen dissociation curve- More oxygen is
released to the tissue
◉ Ammonia Will also have increased. Answer: cardiac output
anddecreased O2 tension in kidney• Causes erythropoietin to be
increased
◉ Symptoms of Anemia. Answer: Tachycardia (heart arrhythmia)•
Shortness of breath• Headaches• Pallor• Fatigue- Lack of ATP
production due to lack of oxygen
◉ CBC Results in Anemia. Answer: Decreased- RBCs- Hemoglobin-
Hematocrit• MCH may be low, normal, or high• MCV may be low,
normal, or high• M:E ratio in most anemia is 1:1 (Normal is 3:1)
, ◉ Macrocytic (MCV > 100fL). Answer: Megaloblastic (B12 and folate)-
Liver disease- Myelodysplastic disorders (rare)- Reticulocytosis
◉ Microcytic, hypochromic (MCV < 80fL). Answer: Due to inadequate
production of some part of hemoglobin• Iron, heme, globin- Iron
deficiency - iron deficient- Thalassemia - globin abnormality- Lead
poisoning - heme synthesis- Chronic disease - cells are slightly small-
Sideroblastic anemia - cells are slightly small
◉ Normocytic, normochromic. Answer: Cells are normal - just not
enough red cells• All building blocks are available- Hemolytic- Aplastic-
Most hemoglobinopathies• Not thalassemia- All others• Leukemia,
kidney disease, heart disease, etc.
◉ Physiologic Causes of Anemia. Answer: Decreased production- Iron
deficiency- Megaloblastic- Aplastic• Increased destruction or loss-
Hemolytic conditions• Intrinsic• Extrinsic- Acute blood los
◉ Macrocytic anemia describes. Answer: any anemia associated with an
elevated MCV
◉ 2 etiologic categories of Macrocytic anemia. Answer: Megaloblastic•
Abnormal DNA synthesis• MCV >110 fL; oval macrocytes- Non-
Megaloblastic• Increase in membrane lipids• MCV <110 fL; round
macrocytes• Polychromasia due to reticulocytosis
TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ Blood will respond by increasing the amount of. Answer: 2,3-BPG
◉ Ammonia Will have decreased. Answer: hemoglobin affinity for O2
causing right shift in the oxygen dissociation curve- More oxygen is
released to the tissue
◉ Ammonia Will also have increased. Answer: cardiac output
anddecreased O2 tension in kidney• Causes erythropoietin to be
increased
◉ Symptoms of Anemia. Answer: Tachycardia (heart arrhythmia)•
Shortness of breath• Headaches• Pallor• Fatigue- Lack of ATP
production due to lack of oxygen
◉ CBC Results in Anemia. Answer: Decreased- RBCs- Hemoglobin-
Hematocrit• MCH may be low, normal, or high• MCV may be low,
normal, or high• M:E ratio in most anemia is 1:1 (Normal is 3:1)
, ◉ Macrocytic (MCV > 100fL). Answer: Megaloblastic (B12 and folate)-
Liver disease- Myelodysplastic disorders (rare)- Reticulocytosis
◉ Microcytic, hypochromic (MCV < 80fL). Answer: Due to inadequate
production of some part of hemoglobin• Iron, heme, globin- Iron
deficiency - iron deficient- Thalassemia - globin abnormality- Lead
poisoning - heme synthesis- Chronic disease - cells are slightly small-
Sideroblastic anemia - cells are slightly small
◉ Normocytic, normochromic. Answer: Cells are normal - just not
enough red cells• All building blocks are available- Hemolytic- Aplastic-
Most hemoglobinopathies• Not thalassemia- All others• Leukemia,
kidney disease, heart disease, etc.
◉ Physiologic Causes of Anemia. Answer: Decreased production- Iron
deficiency- Megaloblastic- Aplastic• Increased destruction or loss-
Hemolytic conditions• Intrinsic• Extrinsic- Acute blood los
◉ Macrocytic anemia describes. Answer: any anemia associated with an
elevated MCV
◉ 2 etiologic categories of Macrocytic anemia. Answer: Megaloblastic•
Abnormal DNA synthesis• MCV >110 fL; oval macrocytes- Non-
Megaloblastic• Increase in membrane lipids• MCV <110 fL; round
macrocytes• Polychromasia due to reticulocytosis
