UST ABSN PATHOPHARMACOLOGY 1 EXAM
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ 3 types of stimuli that can trigger a stress response? Answer:
psychological/emotional
physical
physiologic
◉ psychological/emotional stimuli to stress. Answer: fear, social
rejection
◉ physical stimuli to stress. Answer: dramatic temperature changes,
abuse
◉ physiologic stimuli to stress. Answer: infection, inflammation
◉ What is commonly used to describe negative thoughts and
uncontrolled feelings? Answer: Stress
,◉ What is negative feedback system. Answer: Low levels of a hormone
stimulate production High levels of a hormone stop production
◉ examples of negative feedback. Answer: body temperature, blood
pressure, glucose regulation
◉ negative feedback vs positive feedback. Answer: - Negative reduces
effect/eliminates original stimulus eg. human body temp
- Positive feedback reinforces original stimulus eg. oxytocin released
during childbirth
◉ Homeostasis. Answer: A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant
internal state
- balance of body
◉ example of disrupted homeostasis. Answer: stress
◉ what is homeostasis dependent on? Answer: control systems, negative
feedback systems
◉ can uncorrected stress lead to disease? Answer: yes
◉ allostasis. Answer: process by which the body achieves stability
through physiological change
,- about adaptation
◉ Strategy the brain uses to anticipate the need for resources to meet
future challenges. Answer: allostasis
◉ allostatic overload. Answer: Over activation of adaptive systems
- Highly individualized
◉ how many stages describe the physiological changes the body goes
through when under stress? Answer: 3
◉ what are the 3 stages the body goes through when under stress.
Answer: alarm stage (compensation)
resistance stage/adaptation stage (coping)
Exhaustion stage (decompensation)
◉ Alarm stage (compensation) - Stress. Answer: Emergency reaction
that prepares the body to fight or flee from threat
◉ What kind of response does the alarm stage of stress have? Answer:
Neurologic
- stress response onset, fight or flight reaction, catecholamines and
cortisol released
, ◉ what does the alarm stage of stress release? Answer: secretion of
hormones and catecholamines to support physiologic/metabolic activity
and boosts the immune system to thwart infection and disease
◉ Resistance/Adaption stage (coping) - stress. Answer: requires
continued mobilization of the body's resources to cope and overcome a
sustained challenge
◉ what kind of response does the resistance/adaptation stage of stress
elicit? Answer: Endocrine
- stress response intensifying, hormones released, and coping vs not
coping
◉ exhaustion stage (decompensation) - stress. Answer: occurs when the
body's physiologic and immune systems no longer effectively cope with
the stressor and marks the onset of diseases (diseases of adaptation)
◉ what kind of response does the exhaustion stage of stress elicit?
Answer: allostatic
- stress-related illness develops
◉ Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome. Answer: three-stage process
which describes the body's reaction to stress: 1) alarm reaction, 2)
resistance, 3) exahaustion
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ 3 types of stimuli that can trigger a stress response? Answer:
psychological/emotional
physical
physiologic
◉ psychological/emotional stimuli to stress. Answer: fear, social
rejection
◉ physical stimuli to stress. Answer: dramatic temperature changes,
abuse
◉ physiologic stimuli to stress. Answer: infection, inflammation
◉ What is commonly used to describe negative thoughts and
uncontrolled feelings? Answer: Stress
,◉ What is negative feedback system. Answer: Low levels of a hormone
stimulate production High levels of a hormone stop production
◉ examples of negative feedback. Answer: body temperature, blood
pressure, glucose regulation
◉ negative feedback vs positive feedback. Answer: - Negative reduces
effect/eliminates original stimulus eg. human body temp
- Positive feedback reinforces original stimulus eg. oxytocin released
during childbirth
◉ Homeostasis. Answer: A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant
internal state
- balance of body
◉ example of disrupted homeostasis. Answer: stress
◉ what is homeostasis dependent on? Answer: control systems, negative
feedback systems
◉ can uncorrected stress lead to disease? Answer: yes
◉ allostasis. Answer: process by which the body achieves stability
through physiological change
,- about adaptation
◉ Strategy the brain uses to anticipate the need for resources to meet
future challenges. Answer: allostasis
◉ allostatic overload. Answer: Over activation of adaptive systems
- Highly individualized
◉ how many stages describe the physiological changes the body goes
through when under stress? Answer: 3
◉ what are the 3 stages the body goes through when under stress.
Answer: alarm stage (compensation)
resistance stage/adaptation stage (coping)
Exhaustion stage (decompensation)
◉ Alarm stage (compensation) - Stress. Answer: Emergency reaction
that prepares the body to fight or flee from threat
◉ What kind of response does the alarm stage of stress have? Answer:
Neurologic
- stress response onset, fight or flight reaction, catecholamines and
cortisol released
, ◉ what does the alarm stage of stress release? Answer: secretion of
hormones and catecholamines to support physiologic/metabolic activity
and boosts the immune system to thwart infection and disease
◉ Resistance/Adaption stage (coping) - stress. Answer: requires
continued mobilization of the body's resources to cope and overcome a
sustained challenge
◉ what kind of response does the resistance/adaptation stage of stress
elicit? Answer: Endocrine
- stress response intensifying, hormones released, and coping vs not
coping
◉ exhaustion stage (decompensation) - stress. Answer: occurs when the
body's physiologic and immune systems no longer effectively cope with
the stressor and marks the onset of diseases (diseases of adaptation)
◉ what kind of response does the exhaustion stage of stress elicit?
Answer: allostatic
- stress-related illness develops
◉ Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome. Answer: three-stage process
which describes the body's reaction to stress: 1) alarm reaction, 2)
resistance, 3) exahaustion
