MARA 416 NEW VERSION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE AND PASS GUARANTEE
PORTS: Crucial Elements
Ports for the majority of trading nations are: ANSWER A. Highways and
railroads' primary transportation hub
B. Gateways for trade, economic multipliers, and the attraction of commercial
infrastructure and industrial activity
C. Where the majority of ships go down D. Where the majority of cargo is lost
or stolen E. Where the cargo originates F. Where government and customs
regulations
G. Survey locations
H. Services for shipping
I. Industries are located
J. Where expenses are highest K. Where delays are highest
Prior to the 20th century, answer cargo handling methods had not changed in
centuries.
ANSWER Port A <-> At Sea <-> Port B is the third rule.
Two-thirds of expenses at ports
ANSWER PORT TURNAROUND TIMES A port's efficiency and trade
competitiveness are positively correlated with a shorter time in port.
ANSWER: PORT TURNAROUND TIMES (specifics) Bulk liquid: 0.94 days
Dry bulk: 2.05.
Storage units: 0.7 days
Harbor types: ANSWER A. Open Roadstead B. Natural Harbor C. Artificial
Harbor D. Improved Natural Harbor
Port types that are functional: Container Ports for Answers
Ports in bulk
Ports with multiple uses
Particular Ports
, Container Ports: Hub Ports, Feeder Ports, and Answer Direct Call Ports
ANSWER Naval, Ferry, Fishing, and Cruise Specialty Ports
Bulk Ports: ANSWER Dry Bulk Cargoes: fertilizers, cereals, coal, and iron ore
Crude oil, petroleum products, LPG, and LNG are examples of liquid bulk
cargo.
Free Port: An answer port free of national taxes
ANSWER I. Rias II. Tidal Estuaries III. Deltas IV. Costal Submergences V.
Artificial Harbors VI Non-tidal rivers Geographical Types of Ports
RIA: ANSWER At the end of an ice age, a river valley was submerged by rising
sea levels (Chesapeake Bay) (San Fransisco Bay)
Low relief, tidal water providing access to the interior (London: Thames
Estuary 6.6) (Hamburg: Elbe Estuary 3.3-3.8) Tidal Estuary
Delta: ANSWER When river water slows down and meets the sea, silt is
deposited, forming land.
It is easy to transport but takes a lot of dredging due to the loose
sediment/sandbars and numerous channels.
(Rhine River System, Rotterdam)
(Pearl River Delta, China)
Costal Submergence: ANSWER Weather and water erosion occur after post-
glacial submergence.
(New York Harbor) (Southampton, United Kingdom)
River ports that are not tidal—ANSWER Ports in river systems are situated
above the tides of the ocean. Seasons affect water levels, and channels may
change. The hinterland is naturally accessible by rivers.
(Baton Rouge Corridor/NOLA)
Examples of Artificial Harbors: ANSWER 1. Long Beach/Los Angeles
2. Middle Eastern Jebel Ali
3. Maasvlakte II in Rotterdam
Hinterland: A REPLY built and organized geographical area that receives or
delivers commodities through a port and is connected to it by transportation
lines.
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE AND PASS GUARANTEE
PORTS: Crucial Elements
Ports for the majority of trading nations are: ANSWER A. Highways and
railroads' primary transportation hub
B. Gateways for trade, economic multipliers, and the attraction of commercial
infrastructure and industrial activity
C. Where the majority of ships go down D. Where the majority of cargo is lost
or stolen E. Where the cargo originates F. Where government and customs
regulations
G. Survey locations
H. Services for shipping
I. Industries are located
J. Where expenses are highest K. Where delays are highest
Prior to the 20th century, answer cargo handling methods had not changed in
centuries.
ANSWER Port A <-> At Sea <-> Port B is the third rule.
Two-thirds of expenses at ports
ANSWER PORT TURNAROUND TIMES A port's efficiency and trade
competitiveness are positively correlated with a shorter time in port.
ANSWER: PORT TURNAROUND TIMES (specifics) Bulk liquid: 0.94 days
Dry bulk: 2.05.
Storage units: 0.7 days
Harbor types: ANSWER A. Open Roadstead B. Natural Harbor C. Artificial
Harbor D. Improved Natural Harbor
Port types that are functional: Container Ports for Answers
Ports in bulk
Ports with multiple uses
Particular Ports
, Container Ports: Hub Ports, Feeder Ports, and Answer Direct Call Ports
ANSWER Naval, Ferry, Fishing, and Cruise Specialty Ports
Bulk Ports: ANSWER Dry Bulk Cargoes: fertilizers, cereals, coal, and iron ore
Crude oil, petroleum products, LPG, and LNG are examples of liquid bulk
cargo.
Free Port: An answer port free of national taxes
ANSWER I. Rias II. Tidal Estuaries III. Deltas IV. Costal Submergences V.
Artificial Harbors VI Non-tidal rivers Geographical Types of Ports
RIA: ANSWER At the end of an ice age, a river valley was submerged by rising
sea levels (Chesapeake Bay) (San Fransisco Bay)
Low relief, tidal water providing access to the interior (London: Thames
Estuary 6.6) (Hamburg: Elbe Estuary 3.3-3.8) Tidal Estuary
Delta: ANSWER When river water slows down and meets the sea, silt is
deposited, forming land.
It is easy to transport but takes a lot of dredging due to the loose
sediment/sandbars and numerous channels.
(Rhine River System, Rotterdam)
(Pearl River Delta, China)
Costal Submergence: ANSWER Weather and water erosion occur after post-
glacial submergence.
(New York Harbor) (Southampton, United Kingdom)
River ports that are not tidal—ANSWER Ports in river systems are situated
above the tides of the ocean. Seasons affect water levels, and channels may
change. The hinterland is naturally accessible by rivers.
(Baton Rouge Corridor/NOLA)
Examples of Artificial Harbors: ANSWER 1. Long Beach/Los Angeles
2. Middle Eastern Jebel Ali
3. Maasvlakte II in Rotterdam
Hinterland: A REPLY built and organized geographical area that receives or
delivers commodities through a port and is connected to it by transportation
lines.
