WK1 QUIZ NR565 QUESTIONS &
UPDATED CORRECT SOLUTIONS
100% COMPLETE
Pharmacodynamics - correct answer ✔✔is the study of how drugs affect the body
pharmacokinetics - correct answer ✔✔is the study of how the body affects the drug. the study
of the way the body deals with the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs
under investigation expressed in mathematical terms.
Absorption: - correct answer ✔✔Absorption is the process whereby a substance entering the
body is assimilated by it. For proper pharmacokinetics study, it is necessary to know both the
rate and the extent to which the active substance or therapeutic moiety are absorbed. They
include substances intended to produce / not produce systematic effects.
Distribution: - correct answer ✔✔Distribution is the dispersion or dissemination of substances
throughout the fluids and tissues of the body.
Metabolism: - correct answer ✔✔Metabolism is the process whereby a substance is irreversibly
transformed into metabolites.
Excretion: - correct answer ✔✔Sweat Excretion is the elimination of the substance from the
body. In rare cases, not all substances are eliminated; some drugs irreversibly accumulate in a
tissue in the body.
Agonist - correct answer ✔✔A drug that binds to and activates a receptor. Can be full, partial or
inverse. A full agonist has high efficacy, producing a full response while occupying a relatively
low proportion of receptors. A partial agonist has lower efficacy than a full agonist. It produces
sub-maximal activation even when occupying the total receptor population, therefore cannot
, produce the maximal response, irrespective of the concentration applied. An inverse agonist
produces an effect opposite to that of an agonist, yet it binds to the same receptor binding-site
as an agonist.
Antagonist - correct answer ✔✔A drug that attenuates the effect of an agonist. Can be
competitive or non-competitive, each of which can be reversible or irreversible. A competitive
antagonist binds to the same site as the agonist but does not activate it, thus blocks the
agonist's action. A non-competitive antagonist binds to an allosteric (non-agonist) site on the
receptor to prevent activation of the receptor. A reversible antagonist binds non-covalently to
the receptor, therefore can be "washed out". An irreversible antagonist binds covalently to the
receptor and cannot be displaced by either competing ligands or washing.
BMax - correct answer ✔✔The maximum amount of drug or radioligand, usually expressed as
picomoles (pM) per mg protein, which can bind specifically to the receptors in a membrane
preparation. Can be used to measure the density of the receptor site in a particular preparation.
Desensitization - correct answer ✔✔A reduction in response to an agonist while it is
continuously present at the receptor, or progressive decrease in response upon repeated
exposure to an agonist.
Duration of Action - correct answer ✔✔The duration of action of a drug is the length of time
that particular drug is effective. Duration of action is a function of several parameters including
plasma half-life, the time to equilibrate between plasma and target compartments, and the off
rate of the drug from its biological target.
Efficacy - correct answer ✔✔Describes the way that agonists vary in the response they produce
when they occupy the same number of receptors. High efficacy agonists produce their maximal
response while occupying a relatively low proportion of the total receptor population. Lower
efficacy agonists do not activate receptors to the same degree and may not be able to produce
the maximal response.
UPDATED CORRECT SOLUTIONS
100% COMPLETE
Pharmacodynamics - correct answer ✔✔is the study of how drugs affect the body
pharmacokinetics - correct answer ✔✔is the study of how the body affects the drug. the study
of the way the body deals with the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs
under investigation expressed in mathematical terms.
Absorption: - correct answer ✔✔Absorption is the process whereby a substance entering the
body is assimilated by it. For proper pharmacokinetics study, it is necessary to know both the
rate and the extent to which the active substance or therapeutic moiety are absorbed. They
include substances intended to produce / not produce systematic effects.
Distribution: - correct answer ✔✔Distribution is the dispersion or dissemination of substances
throughout the fluids and tissues of the body.
Metabolism: - correct answer ✔✔Metabolism is the process whereby a substance is irreversibly
transformed into metabolites.
Excretion: - correct answer ✔✔Sweat Excretion is the elimination of the substance from the
body. In rare cases, not all substances are eliminated; some drugs irreversibly accumulate in a
tissue in the body.
Agonist - correct answer ✔✔A drug that binds to and activates a receptor. Can be full, partial or
inverse. A full agonist has high efficacy, producing a full response while occupying a relatively
low proportion of receptors. A partial agonist has lower efficacy than a full agonist. It produces
sub-maximal activation even when occupying the total receptor population, therefore cannot
, produce the maximal response, irrespective of the concentration applied. An inverse agonist
produces an effect opposite to that of an agonist, yet it binds to the same receptor binding-site
as an agonist.
Antagonist - correct answer ✔✔A drug that attenuates the effect of an agonist. Can be
competitive or non-competitive, each of which can be reversible or irreversible. A competitive
antagonist binds to the same site as the agonist but does not activate it, thus blocks the
agonist's action. A non-competitive antagonist binds to an allosteric (non-agonist) site on the
receptor to prevent activation of the receptor. A reversible antagonist binds non-covalently to
the receptor, therefore can be "washed out". An irreversible antagonist binds covalently to the
receptor and cannot be displaced by either competing ligands or washing.
BMax - correct answer ✔✔The maximum amount of drug or radioligand, usually expressed as
picomoles (pM) per mg protein, which can bind specifically to the receptors in a membrane
preparation. Can be used to measure the density of the receptor site in a particular preparation.
Desensitization - correct answer ✔✔A reduction in response to an agonist while it is
continuously present at the receptor, or progressive decrease in response upon repeated
exposure to an agonist.
Duration of Action - correct answer ✔✔The duration of action of a drug is the length of time
that particular drug is effective. Duration of action is a function of several parameters including
plasma half-life, the time to equilibrate between plasma and target compartments, and the off
rate of the drug from its biological target.
Efficacy - correct answer ✔✔Describes the way that agonists vary in the response they produce
when they occupy the same number of receptors. High efficacy agonists produce their maximal
response while occupying a relatively low proportion of the total receptor population. Lower
efficacy agonists do not activate receptors to the same degree and may not be able to produce
the maximal response.
