Cardiac Catheterization Hemodynamics
Exam Actual Questions and Answers
2026
Vignette -
What does the "a" wave represent on a right atrial pressure
waveform?
A. The closure of the tricuspid valve
B. The passive filling of the right atrium
C. The contraction of the right atrium
D. The contraction of the left atrium -
correct answer ✅Hint: The "a" wave of the right atrial pressure
waveform represents the contraction of the right atrium. The
closure of the tricuspid valve is represented by the "c" wave,
though this may not be visible in all cases. The passive filling of the
right atrium is represented by the "v" wave. The contraction of the
left atrium is not represented in the right atrial pressure waveform.
Assuming normal heart structure and function, when the right
ventricle contracts, through which valve is blood forced?
A. The mitral valve
B. The pulmonic valve
C. The tricuspid valve
, Cardiac Catheterization Hemodynamics
Exam Actual Questions and Answers
2026
D. The aortic valve -
correct answer ✅B
Which value indirectly reflects left atrial pressure?
A. Central venous pressure
B. Right ventricular systolic pressure
C. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
D. Right ventricular end diastolic pressure -
correct answer ✅C. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure Correct
What is a second, smaller upward defection in a pulmonary artery
pressure waveform that represents the closure of the pulmonic
valve?
A. The "a" waveform
B. The "v" waveform
C. The suprasternal notch
D. The dicrotic notch -
correct answer ✅D. The dicrotic notch
Exam Actual Questions and Answers
2026
Vignette -
What does the "a" wave represent on a right atrial pressure
waveform?
A. The closure of the tricuspid valve
B. The passive filling of the right atrium
C. The contraction of the right atrium
D. The contraction of the left atrium -
correct answer ✅Hint: The "a" wave of the right atrial pressure
waveform represents the contraction of the right atrium. The
closure of the tricuspid valve is represented by the "c" wave,
though this may not be visible in all cases. The passive filling of the
right atrium is represented by the "v" wave. The contraction of the
left atrium is not represented in the right atrial pressure waveform.
Assuming normal heart structure and function, when the right
ventricle contracts, through which valve is blood forced?
A. The mitral valve
B. The pulmonic valve
C. The tricuspid valve
, Cardiac Catheterization Hemodynamics
Exam Actual Questions and Answers
2026
D. The aortic valve -
correct answer ✅B
Which value indirectly reflects left atrial pressure?
A. Central venous pressure
B. Right ventricular systolic pressure
C. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
D. Right ventricular end diastolic pressure -
correct answer ✅C. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure Correct
What is a second, smaller upward defection in a pulmonary artery
pressure waveform that represents the closure of the pulmonic
valve?
A. The "a" waveform
B. The "v" waveform
C. The suprasternal notch
D. The dicrotic notch -
correct answer ✅D. The dicrotic notch
