Bsn 315 Hesi Pharmacology Exam Newest Series 2025

BSN 315 HESI PHARMACOLOGY EXAM NEWEST SERIES 2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT 100% VERIFED ANSWERS 2025 A client with osteoarthritis receives a new prescription for celecoxib orally for symptom management. The nurse notes the client is allergic to sulfa. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement prior to administering the first dose? a) Review the client's hemoglobin results. b) Notify the healthcare provider. c) Inquire about the reaction to sulfa. d) Record the client's vital signs. - Correct Answer-b) Notify the healthcare provider. The nurse is making early morning rounds on a group of clients when a client begins exhibiting symptoms of an acute asthma attack. The nurse administers a PRN prescription for a Beta 2 receptor agonist agent. Which client response should the nurse expect? a) Tachycardia b) Increased blood pressure c) Rapid resolution of wheezing d) Improved pulse oximetry values e) Reduced fever and airway inflammation - Correct Answer-a) Tachycardia c) Rapid resolution of wheezing d) Improved pulse oximetry values Which change in data indicates to the nurse that the desired effect of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan has been achieved? a) Dependent edema reduced from +3 to +1 b) Serum HDL increased from 35 to 55 mg/dl c) Pulse rate reduced from 150 to 90 beats/minute d) Blood pressure reduced from 160/90 to 130/80 mmHg - Correct Answer-d) Blood pressure reduced from 160/90 to 130/80 mmHg The nurse is assessing the effectiveness of high-dose aspirin therapy for an 88-year-old client with arthritis. The client reports that she can't hear the nurse's questions because her ears are ringing. Which action should the nurse implement? a) Refer the client to an audiologist for evaluation of her hearing. Pharmacology Pharmacology b) Advise the client that this is a common side effect of aspirin therapy. c) Notify the healthcare provider of this finding immediately. d) Ask the client to turn off her hearing aid during the exam. - Correct Answer-c) Notify the healthcare provider of this finding immediately. The nitrate isosorbide dinitrate is prescribed for a client with angina. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's discharge teaching plan? a) Quit taking the medication if dizziness occurs. b) Do not get up quickly. Always rise slowly. c) Take the medication with food only. d) Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods. - Correct Answer-b) Do not get up quickly. Always rise slowly. Which medications should the nurse caution the client about taking while receiving an opioid analgesic? a) Antacids b) Benzodiazepines c) Antihypertensives d) Oral antidiabetics - Correct Answer-b) Benzodiazepines A client who has been taking levodopa PO TID to control the symptoms of Parkinson's disease has a new prescription for sustained-release levodopa/carbidopa PO BID. The client took his levodopa at 0800. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client? a) "Take the first dose of levodopa-carbidopa today, as soon as your prescription is filled." b) "Since you already took your levodopa, wait until tomorrow to take the levodopa carbidopa." c) "Take both drugs for the first week, then switch to only the levodopa-carbidopa." d) "You can begin taking the levodopa-carbidopa this evening, but do not take any more levodopa." - Correct Answer-d) "You can begin taking the levodopa-carbidopa this evening, but do not take any more levodopa." An adult client is given a prescription for a scopolamine patch to prevent motion sickness while on a cruise. Which information should the nurse provide to the client? a) Apply the patch at least 4 hours prior to departure. b) Change the patch every other day while on the cruise. c) Place the patch on a hairless area at the base of the skull. d) Drink no more than 2 alcoholic drinks during the cruise. - Correct Answer-a) Apply the patch at least 4 hours prior to departure. Pharmacology Pharmacology The nurse is assessing a client prior to administering the prescribed dose of atenolol PO. The client's blood pressure is 120/68 mmHg, and the telemetry monitor shows sinus bradycardia with a rate of 58 beats/minute, and a P-R interval of 0.24. Based on this assessment, what intervention should the nurse implement? a) Lower the head of the bed and assess the client for orthostatic vital sign changes. b) Give the medication as prescribed and continue to monitor the client. c) Prepare to administer atropine sulfate IVP. d) Hold the prescribed dose and contact the healthcare provider. - Correct Answer-b) Give the medication as prescribed and continue to monitor the client. When assessing an adolescent who recently overdosed on acetaminophen, it is most important for the nurse to assess for pain in which area of the body? a) Flank b) Abdomen c) Chest d) Head - Correct Answer-b) Abdomen A client with heart failure is prescribed spironolactone. Which information is most important for the nurse to provide to the client about diet modifications? a) Do not add salt to foods during preparation. b) Refrain from eating foods high in potassium. c) Restrict fluid intake to 1000 ml per day. d) Increase intake of milk and milk products. - Correct Answer-b) Refrain from eating foods high in potassium. Which method of medication administration provides the client with the greatest first pass effect? a) Oral b) Sublingual c) Intravenous d) Subcutaneous - Correct Answer-a) Oral Which nursing diagnosis is important to include in the plan of care for a client receiving the angiotensin-2 receptor antagonist irbesartan? a) Fluid volume deficit b) Risk for infection c) Risk for injury d) Impaired sleep patterns - Correct Answer-c) Risk for injury Pharmacology Pharmacology Upon admission to the emergency center, an adult client with acute status asthmaticus is prescribed this series of medications. In which order should the nurse administer the prescribed medications? (Arrange from first to last.) a) Prednisone orally b) Gentamicin IM c) Albuterol puffs d) Salmeterol - Correct Answer-c) Albuterol puffs d) Salmeterol a) Prednisone orally b) Gentamicin IM A client asks the nurse if glipizide is an oral insulin. Which response should the nurse provide? a) "Yes, it is an oral insulin and has the same actions and properties as intermediate insulin." b) "Yes, it is an oral insulin and is distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the same manner as insulin." c) "No, it is not an oral insulin and can be used only when some beta cell function is present." d) "No, it is not an oral insulin, but it is effective for those who are resistant to injectable insulins." - Correct Answer-c) "No, it is not an oral insulin and can be used only when some beta cell function is present." The nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing anaphylaxis from an insect sting. Which prescription should the nurse prepare to administer to this client? a) Dopamine b) Ephedrine c) Epinephrine d) Diphenhydramine - Correct Answer-c) Epinephrine A postoperative client has been receiving a continuous IV infusion of meperidine 35 mg/hr for four days. The client has a PRN prescription for meperidine 100 mg PO every 3 hours. The nurse notes that the client has become increasingly restless, irritable, and confused, stating that there are bugs all over the walls. Which action should the nurse take first? a) Administer a PRN dose of the PO meperidine. b) Administer naloxone IV per PRN protocol. c) Decrease the IV infusion rate of the meperidine per protocol. d) Notify the healthcare provider of the client's confusion and hallucinations. - Correct Answer-c) Decrease the IV infusion rate of the meperidine per protocol. Pharmacology Pharmacology A client who was prescribed atorvastatin one month ago calls the triage nurse at the clinic complaining of muscle pain and weakness in his legs. Which statement reflects the correct drug-specific teaching the nurse should provide to this client? a) Increase consumption of potassium-rich foods since low potassium levels can cause muscle spasms. b) Have serum electrolytes checked at the next scheduled appointment to assess hyponatremia, a cause of cramping. c) Make an appointment to see the healthcare provider, because muscle pain may be an indication of a serious side effect. d) Be sure to consume a low-cholesterol diet while taking the drug to enhance the effectiveness of the drug. - Correct Answer-c) Make an appointment to see the healthcare provider, because muscle pain may be an indication of a serious side effect. A client with heart failure (HF) is being discharged with a new prescription for the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril. The nurse's discharge instructions should include reporting which problem to the healthcare provider? a) Weight loss. b) Dizziness. c) Muscle cramps. d) Dry mucous membranes. - Correct Answer-b) Dizziness. Which dosing schedule should the nurse teach the client to observe for a controlled release oxycodone prescription? a) As needed. b) Every 12 hours. c) Every 24 hours. d) Every 4 to 6 hours. - Correct Answer-b) Every 12 hours. A client with dysrhythmia is to receive procainamide in 4 divided doses over the next 24 hours. Which dosing schedule is best for the nurse to implement? a) Every 6 hours. b) QID. c) AC and bedtime. d) PC and bedtime. - Correct Answer-a) Every 6 hours. Which symptoms are serious adverse effects of beta-adrenergic blockers such as propranolol? a) Headache, hypertension, and blurred vision. b) Wheezing, hypotension, and AV block. c) Vomiting, dilated pupils, and papilledema. Pharmacology Pharmacology d) Tinnitus, muscle weakness, and tachypnea. - Correct Answer-b) Wheezing, hypotension, and AV block. Which antidiarrheal agent should be used with caution in clients taking high dosages of aspirin for arthritis? a) Loperamide. b) Probantheline. c) Bismuth subsalicylate. d) Diphenoxylate hydrochloride with atropine. - Correct Answer-c) Bismuth subsalicylate. The nurse is reviewing the use of the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump with a client in the immediate postoperative period. The client will receive morphine 1 mg IV per hour basal rate with 1 mg IV every 15 minutes per PCA to a total of 5 mg IV maximally per hour. Which assessment has the highest priority before initiating the PCA pump? a) The expiration date on the morphine syringe in the pump. b) The rate and depth of the client's respirations. c) The type of anesthesia used during the surgical procedure. d) The client's subjective and objective signs of pain. - Correct Answer-b) The rate and depth of the client's respirations. In evaluating the effects of lactulose, which outcome would indicate that the drug is performing as intended? a) An increase in urine output. b) Two or three soft stools per day. c) Watery, diarrhea stools. d) Increased serum bilirubin. - Correct Answer-b) Two or three soft stools per day. Dobutamine is an emergency drug most commonly prescribed for a client with which condition? a) Shock. b) Asthma. c) Hypotension. d) Heart failure. - Correct Answer-d) Heart failure. A client with giardiasis is taking metronidazole 2 grams PO. Which information should the nurse include in the client's instruction? a) Notify the clinic of any changes in the color of urine. b) Avoid overexposure to the sun. c) Stop the medication after the diarrhea resolves. Pharmacology Pharmacology d) Take the medication with food. - Correct Answer-d) Take the medication with food. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement prior to the administration of the antiarrhythmic drug adenosine? a) Assess pupillary response to light. b) Instruct the client that facial flushing may occur. c) Apply continuous cardiac monitoring. d) Request that family members leave the room. - Correct Answer-c) Apply continuous cardiac monitoring. Which instruction(s) should the nurse give to a female client who just received a prescription for oral metronidazole for the treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis? a) Increase fluid intake, especially cranberry juice. b) Do not abruptly discontinue the medication; taper use. c) Check blood pressure daily to detect hypertension. d) Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication. e) Use condoms until treatment is completed. f) Ensure that all sexual partners are treated at the same time. - Correct Answer-a) Increase fluid intake, especially cranberry juice. d) Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication. e) Use condoms until treatment is completed. f) Ensure that all sexual partners are treated at the same time. Which nursing intervention is most important when caring for a client receiving the antimetabolite cytosine arabinoside for chemotherapy? a) Hydrate the client with IV fluids before and after infusion. b) Assess the client for numbness and tingling of extremities. c) Inspect the client's oral mucosa for ulcerations. d) Monitor the client's urine pH for increased acidity. - Correct Answer-c) Inspect the client's oral mucosa for ulcerations. After abdominal surgery, a male client is prescribed low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). During the administration of the medication, the client asks the nurse why he is receiving this medication. Which is the best response for the nurse to provide? a) This medication is a blood thinner given to prevent blood clot formation. b) This medication enhances antibiotics to prevent infection. c) This medication dissolves any clots that develop in the legs. d) This abdominal injection assists in the healing of the abdominal wound. - Correct Answer-a) This medication is a blood thinner given to prevent blood clot formation. A client is being treated for hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil. The nurse knows that the action of this drug is to? Pharmacology Pharmacology a) Decrease the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the blood. b) Increase the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone circulating in the blood. c) Increase the amount of T4 and decrease the amount of T3 produced by the thyroid. d) Inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland. - Correct Answer-d) Inhibit synthesis of T3 and T4 by the thyroid gland. Following the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin to a client experiencing an acute anginal attack, which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the desired effect has been achieved? a) Client states chest pain is relieved. b) Client's pulse decreases from 120 to 90. c) Client's systolic blood pressure decreases from 180 to 90. d) Client's SaO₂ level increases from 92% to 96%. - Correct Answer-a) Client states chest pain is relieved. A client is receiving digoxin for the onset of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Which laboratory finding should the nurse identify that places this client at risk? a) Hypokalemia. b) Hyponatremia. c) Hypercalcemia. d) Low uric acid levels. - Correct Answer-a) Hypokalemia. A client with hyperlipidemia receives a prescription for niacin. Which client teaching is most important for the nurse to provide? a) Expected duration of flushing. b) Symptoms of hyperglycemia. c) Diets that minimize GI irritation. d) Comfort measures for pruritus. - Correct Answer-a) Expected duration of flushing. A female client with rheumatoid arthritis takes ibuprofen 600 mg PO 4 times a day. To prevent gastrointestinal bleeding, misoprostol 100 mcg PO is prescribed. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in client teaching? a) Use contraception during intercourse. b) Ensure the misoprostol is taken on an empty stomach c) Encourage oral fluid intake to prevent constipation. d) Take misoprostol 30 minutes prior to ibuprofen. - Correct Answer-a) Use contraception during intercourse. A client with coronary artery disease who is taking digoxin receives a new prescription for atorvastatin. Two weeks after initiation of the prescription, the nurse assesses the client. Which finding requires the most immediate intervention? Pharmacology Pharmacology a) Heartburn. b) Headache. c) Constipation. d) Vomiting. - Correct Answer-d) Vomiting. The healthcare provider prescribes digitalis for a client diagnosed with heart failure. Which intervention should the nurse implement prior to administering the digitalis? a) Observe respiratory rate and depth. b) Assess the serum potassium level. c) Obtain the client's blood pressure. d) Monitor the serum glucose level. - Correct Answer-b) Assess the serum potassium level. While taking a nursing history, the client states, "I am allergic to penicillin." Which related allergy to another type of antiinfective agent should the nurse ask the client about when taking the nursing history? :a) Aminoglycosides b) Cephalosporins c) Sulfonamides d) Tetracyclines - Correct Answer-b) Cephalosporins Following heparin treatment for a pulmonary embolism, a client is being discharged with a prescription for warfarin. In conducting discharge