UIPUI PHYSIOLOGY YARD EXAM 1 2025/2026
WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
|CURRENTLY TESTING QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|ALREADY GRADED
A+|NEWEST|BRAND NEW VERSION
!!|GUARANTEED PASS
What is the anticodon?
a sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule,
corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA.
what is the complementary base pairing in translation in protein synthesis
mRNA codons: U G C C U G
tRNA anticodons: A C G G A C
what are DNA codons
ACG GAC
what are the mRNA codons
UGC CUG
What are tRNA anticodons?
ACG GAC
what is a polypeptide chain with an attached sorting signal
a sorting signal tells it to go to an organelle, to be stores, or exported
what is a polypeptide chain without an attached sorting signal
without the sorting signal it will remain in the cytosol because there is not directions
what is needed to complete anaerobic cellular respiration
1|Page
,glycolysis and fermentation
in an exergonic reaction the product has a______ than reactants
higher potential energy
what stages of cellular respiration produces NADH
citric acid cycle, oxidation of pyruvate, and glycolysis
what organic molecules would be produced during the process of translation
polypeptide chain
what is a complementary base pair between DNA and mRNA
DNA guanine and mRNA cytosine
What is intracellular fluid?
cytosol
what is extracellular fluid
fluid outside of cells (interstitial and plasma)
we expect that ICF and ECF would reach an osmotic equilibrium by ________
osmosis
what two things determines the membrane potential
the imbalance of chemicals(chemical disequilibrium) and imbalance of ions(electrical
disequilibrium)
is homeostasis an equalibrium
no homeostasis is a dynamic steady state
what affects body water content
age(as you get older you hold less water), sex(males typically hold more water), lean body
mass(males still hold more)
why is body water content important
it can affect drug dosages
what is an osmotic equalibrium
the concentration of water is equivalent accross the membrane
2|Page
, does concentration mean the volume when referring to osmosis
no they are different
what is osmotic pressure
force required to prevent osmosis
What is osmolarity?
particles of solute per volume
any reaction in which a compound or a molecule breaks apart into separate components
dissociation reaction
how do you find osmolarity
take the molarity times the number of particles per molecule (1 particle per mole= molarity
times 1=osmolarity 4 particles per mole= molarity times 4=osmolarity
if the total osmolarity is 500 mOsM; 400 mOsM of non-penetrating solute what is the
osmolarity and tonicity
the osmolarity would be hyperosmotic and the tonicity would also be hyperosmotic because
300 mOsM is standard and both are over that limit
if the total osmolarity is 400 mOsM; 300 mOsM of non-penetrating solute how would you
describe the solutions osmolarity and tonicity?
the osmolarity would be hyperosmotic because 400 is over 300 and the tonicity would be
isotonic because tonicity looks at non penetrating and they are equal
if the total osmolarity is 200 mOsM; 200 mOsM of non penetrating solute how can you describe
the osmolarity and tonicity of this solution
the osmolarity is hyposmotic because it is less than the normal 300 mOsM and the tonicity is
hypotonic because 200 is less than the standard 300
what saline IV solutions
NaCl, non penetrating, Na+/K+ ATP pump
dextrose(glucose) IV solution
penetrating and non penetrating, converted to glucose 6 phosphate
what is bulk flow in transport within a compartment
3|Page
WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
|CURRENTLY TESTING QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|ALREADY GRADED
A+|NEWEST|BRAND NEW VERSION
!!|GUARANTEED PASS
What is the anticodon?
a sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule,
corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA.
what is the complementary base pairing in translation in protein synthesis
mRNA codons: U G C C U G
tRNA anticodons: A C G G A C
what are DNA codons
ACG GAC
what are the mRNA codons
UGC CUG
What are tRNA anticodons?
ACG GAC
what is a polypeptide chain with an attached sorting signal
a sorting signal tells it to go to an organelle, to be stores, or exported
what is a polypeptide chain without an attached sorting signal
without the sorting signal it will remain in the cytosol because there is not directions
what is needed to complete anaerobic cellular respiration
1|Page
,glycolysis and fermentation
in an exergonic reaction the product has a______ than reactants
higher potential energy
what stages of cellular respiration produces NADH
citric acid cycle, oxidation of pyruvate, and glycolysis
what organic molecules would be produced during the process of translation
polypeptide chain
what is a complementary base pair between DNA and mRNA
DNA guanine and mRNA cytosine
What is intracellular fluid?
cytosol
what is extracellular fluid
fluid outside of cells (interstitial and plasma)
we expect that ICF and ECF would reach an osmotic equilibrium by ________
osmosis
what two things determines the membrane potential
the imbalance of chemicals(chemical disequilibrium) and imbalance of ions(electrical
disequilibrium)
is homeostasis an equalibrium
no homeostasis is a dynamic steady state
what affects body water content
age(as you get older you hold less water), sex(males typically hold more water), lean body
mass(males still hold more)
why is body water content important
it can affect drug dosages
what is an osmotic equalibrium
the concentration of water is equivalent accross the membrane
2|Page
, does concentration mean the volume when referring to osmosis
no they are different
what is osmotic pressure
force required to prevent osmosis
What is osmolarity?
particles of solute per volume
any reaction in which a compound or a molecule breaks apart into separate components
dissociation reaction
how do you find osmolarity
take the molarity times the number of particles per molecule (1 particle per mole= molarity
times 1=osmolarity 4 particles per mole= molarity times 4=osmolarity
if the total osmolarity is 500 mOsM; 400 mOsM of non-penetrating solute what is the
osmolarity and tonicity
the osmolarity would be hyperosmotic and the tonicity would also be hyperosmotic because
300 mOsM is standard and both are over that limit
if the total osmolarity is 400 mOsM; 300 mOsM of non-penetrating solute how would you
describe the solutions osmolarity and tonicity?
the osmolarity would be hyperosmotic because 400 is over 300 and the tonicity would be
isotonic because tonicity looks at non penetrating and they are equal
if the total osmolarity is 200 mOsM; 200 mOsM of non penetrating solute how can you describe
the osmolarity and tonicity of this solution
the osmolarity is hyposmotic because it is less than the normal 300 mOsM and the tonicity is
hypotonic because 200 is less than the standard 300
what saline IV solutions
NaCl, non penetrating, Na+/K+ ATP pump
dextrose(glucose) IV solution
penetrating and non penetrating, converted to glucose 6 phosphate
what is bulk flow in transport within a compartment
3|Page
