NURS 5334 Pharmacology STUDY GUIDE QUIZ

NURS 5334 Pharmacology STUDY GUIDE QUIZ (UNIVERSITY OF
TEXAS –ALINGTON)EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
VEriFIED ANSWERS PLUS RAIONALES 2025/2026 Q&A | INSTANT
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1. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of beta-blockers?
A. Increase heart rate
B. Decrease cardiac output
C. Promote vasoconstriction
D. Stimulate renin release
Correct Answer: B. Decrease cardiac output — Beta-blockers reduce heart rate and contractility,
which lowers cardiac output and blood pressure.

2. What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose?
A. Naloxone
B. Atropine
C. N-acetylcysteine
D. Flumazenil
Correct Answer: C. N-acetylcysteine — It replenishes glutathione in the liver, detoxifying the toxic
metabolite of acetaminophen.

3. Which of the following medications is classified as an ACE inhibitor?
A. Losartan
B. Lisinopril
C. Metoprolol
D. Amlodipine
Correct Answer: B. Lisinopril — ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to
angiotensin II, reducing blood pressure.

4. A patient taking warfarin should avoid which of the following foods?
A. Apples
B. Leafy green vegetables
C. Bananas
D. Rice
Correct Answer: B. Leafy green vegetables — High vitamin K content can counteract warfarin’s
anticoagulant effect.

,5. Which class of drugs is first-line treatment for Type 2 diabetes?
A. Sulfonylureas
B. Biguanides
C. Thiazolidinediones
D. Insulin
Correct Answer: B. Biguanides — Metformin, a biguanide, is the first-line therapy due to efficacy,
safety, and weight neutrality.

6. A patient taking digoxin shows visual disturbances and bradycardia. This is most likely due
to:
A. Electrolyte imbalance
B. Digoxin toxicity
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Dehydration
Correct Answer: B. Digoxin toxicity — Symptoms include visual changes, nausea, and
bradycardia; dose adjustment is required.

7. Which of the following is a common side effect of loop diuretics?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B. Hypokalemia — Loop diuretics increase potassium excretion, risking
hypokalemia.

8. Which medication is considered a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)?
A. Ranitidine
B. Omeprazole
C. Famotidine
D. Aluminum hydroxide
Correct Answer: B. Omeprazole — PPIs inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase pump in gastric parietal cells,
reducing acid secretion.

9. Which drug class is primarily used to treat bacterial infections?
A. Antivirals
B. Antibiotics
C. Antifungals
D. Analgesics
Correct Answer: B. Antibiotics — They target bacterial cells to inhibit growth or cause cell death.

, 10. A patient develops a cough after starting lisinopril. What is the likely cause?
A. Allergic reaction
B. Accumulation of bradykinin
C. Fluid retention
D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: B. Accumulation of bradykinin — ACE inhibitors can increase bradykinin,
causing a dry cough.

11. Which of the following drugs is used for acute asthma attacks?
A. Salmeterol
B. Albuterol
C. Montelukast
D. Fluticasone
Correct Answer: B. Albuterol — Short-acting beta-agonist for immediate bronchodilation.

12. Which lab value should be monitored in a patient taking heparin?
A. INR
B. aPTT
C. Creatinine
D. ALT
Correct Answer: B. aPTT — Heparin prolongs aPTT, and levels are monitored to prevent bleeding
complications.

13. Which of the following medications is an opioid antagonist?
A. Morphine
B. Fentanyl
C. Naloxone
D. Hydromorphone
Correct Answer: C. Naloxone — It binds opioid receptors to reverse opioid effects, including
overdose.

14. What is the mechanism of action of statins?
A. Increase LDL production
B. Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase
C. Promote triglyceride absorption
D. Block bile acid reabsorption
Correct Answer: B. Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase — Statins reduce cholesterol synthesis, lowering
LDL cholesterol.