HUN 2201 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers Latest 2025-2026
AMDR'S - Answers These ranges help provide adequate nutrients and energy, and reduce the
risk of chronic disease. In the diet, if the percentage intake of one macronutrient changes, the
other percentages will also change.
Carbohydrates: 40-65%
Protein: 10-35%
Fat: 20-35%
Saturated Fat: Less than 10%
ALA DEFICIENCY - Answers alpha linolenic acid- essential fatty acid. function, affects growth
vision, cognitive development.
Fatty acid deficiencies Rare in the United States ( historically found in infants & young children
fed fat free milk or low-fat diets
Symptoms: growth retardation, reproductive failure, neurological, visual & physical problems
ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA - Answers relating to measurement of the physical characteristics of
the body, such as height and weight
ANABOLIC VS. CATABOLIC REACTIONS - Answers Anabolic- reactions in which small molecules
are put together to build larger ones. Anabolic reactions require energy.
Catabolic- reactions in which large molecules are broken down to smaller ones. Catabolic
reactions release energy.
Beriberi - Answers the thiamin-deficiency disease; characterized by loss of sensation in the
hands and feet, muscular weakness, advancing paralysis, and abnormal heart action
COENZYMES - Answers -complex organic molecules that work with enzymes to facilitate the
enzymes' activity.
-Without coenzyme, an enzyme cannot function
-Many coenzymes have B vitamins as part of their structures.
some of the B vitamins participate in the energy metabolism of glucose, glycerol, fatty acids &
amino acids
, COMPLETE PROTEIN - Answers contains all 9 essential amino acids
ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS - Answers amino acids that the body requires but cannot make, and
so must be obtained from the diet
ENZYMES & SPECIFICITY - Answers the degree to which enzymes bind to specific binding sites
on their substrates.
Break down of fat
HYDROPHOBIC - Answers a term referring to water-fearing, or non-water-soluble, substances;
also known as lipophilic (fat loving).
LIPOPHILLIC - Answers The tail of a phospholipid is fat-loving
PYRUVATE - Answers Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon atoms. Two
molecules form as end products of glycolysis
plays a key role in energy metabolism.
OXALOACETATE - Answers A four-carbon molecule that binds with the two-carbon acetyl unit of
acetyl-CoA to form citric acid in the first step of the Krebs cycle.
a carbohydrate intermediate of the TCA cycle.
OMEGA 3 - FOOD SOURCES - Answers seeds, nuts, fish, seafood & vegetable oils
GLYCOLYSIS - Answers A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars
through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body
in the form of ATP
Glucose->Pyruvate=Glycolysis
SATIETY - Answers the feeling of fullness and satisfaction that occurs after a meal and inhibits
eating until the next meal. Satiety determines how much time passes between meals.
BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY - Answers Changes in body composition result from exercise.
Body fat decreases. Lean mass increases, even without weight loss.
Reduces the risk of: heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, obesity, type 2 diabetes,
osteoporosis, colon cancer
lowers metabolism, burn calories after exercise
BMR - Answers basal metabolic rate (BMR)
the rate of energy use for metabolism under specified conditions: after a 12-hour fast and
restful sleep, without any physical activity or emotional excitement, and in a comfortable setting.
AMDR'S - Answers These ranges help provide adequate nutrients and energy, and reduce the
risk of chronic disease. In the diet, if the percentage intake of one macronutrient changes, the
other percentages will also change.
Carbohydrates: 40-65%
Protein: 10-35%
Fat: 20-35%
Saturated Fat: Less than 10%
ALA DEFICIENCY - Answers alpha linolenic acid- essential fatty acid. function, affects growth
vision, cognitive development.
Fatty acid deficiencies Rare in the United States ( historically found in infants & young children
fed fat free milk or low-fat diets
Symptoms: growth retardation, reproductive failure, neurological, visual & physical problems
ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA - Answers relating to measurement of the physical characteristics of
the body, such as height and weight
ANABOLIC VS. CATABOLIC REACTIONS - Answers Anabolic- reactions in which small molecules
are put together to build larger ones. Anabolic reactions require energy.
Catabolic- reactions in which large molecules are broken down to smaller ones. Catabolic
reactions release energy.
Beriberi - Answers the thiamin-deficiency disease; characterized by loss of sensation in the
hands and feet, muscular weakness, advancing paralysis, and abnormal heart action
COENZYMES - Answers -complex organic molecules that work with enzymes to facilitate the
enzymes' activity.
-Without coenzyme, an enzyme cannot function
-Many coenzymes have B vitamins as part of their structures.
some of the B vitamins participate in the energy metabolism of glucose, glycerol, fatty acids &
amino acids
, COMPLETE PROTEIN - Answers contains all 9 essential amino acids
ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS - Answers amino acids that the body requires but cannot make, and
so must be obtained from the diet
ENZYMES & SPECIFICITY - Answers the degree to which enzymes bind to specific binding sites
on their substrates.
Break down of fat
HYDROPHOBIC - Answers a term referring to water-fearing, or non-water-soluble, substances;
also known as lipophilic (fat loving).
LIPOPHILLIC - Answers The tail of a phospholipid is fat-loving
PYRUVATE - Answers Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon atoms. Two
molecules form as end products of glycolysis
plays a key role in energy metabolism.
OXALOACETATE - Answers A four-carbon molecule that binds with the two-carbon acetyl unit of
acetyl-CoA to form citric acid in the first step of the Krebs cycle.
a carbohydrate intermediate of the TCA cycle.
OMEGA 3 - FOOD SOURCES - Answers seeds, nuts, fish, seafood & vegetable oils
GLYCOLYSIS - Answers A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars
through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body
in the form of ATP
Glucose->Pyruvate=Glycolysis
SATIETY - Answers the feeling of fullness and satisfaction that occurs after a meal and inhibits
eating until the next meal. Satiety determines how much time passes between meals.
BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY - Answers Changes in body composition result from exercise.
Body fat decreases. Lean mass increases, even without weight loss.
Reduces the risk of: heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, obesity, type 2 diabetes,
osteoporosis, colon cancer
lowers metabolism, burn calories after exercise
BMR - Answers basal metabolic rate (BMR)
the rate of energy use for metabolism under specified conditions: after a 12-hour fast and
restful sleep, without any physical activity or emotional excitement, and in a comfortable setting.
