HUN 2201 Exam 4 Questions and Answers Latest 2025-2026
water - Answers most abundant source in our bodies
functions of water - Answers solvent
body temperature control
chemical reactions
medium for metabolism
lubrication/protection
acid-base balance
transport
intracellular fluid - Answers where most of water is--67% (in cells)
extracellular fluid - Answers where the lesser part of water is--33% (blood and outside of cells)
beverages - Answers where most of water intake is
kidneys (urine) - Answers where most of water output is
ADH - Answers antidiuretic hormone; released from pituitary gland when sodium content goes
up
2 steps related to ADH - Answers 1. retention of sodium in kidney
2. synthesis/signaling of thirst
angiotensin system - Answers direct retention of sodium; blood pressure is signal to get sodium
levels down; causes vasoconstriction
electrolytes - Answers potassium, phosphate, sodium, chloride
potassium and phosphate - Answers intracellular electrolyte minerals
sodium and chloride - Answers extracellular
sodium and potassium - Answers fluid balance
blood pressure
nerve impulses and conduction
muscle contraction
, chloride - Answers fluid balance
nerve impulse and conduction
hydrochloric acid production (HCl)
digestion and immune response
water - Answers electrolytes have a certain concentration relative to _______
hydration - Answers blood pressure (and sodium) increases
dehydration - Answers blood pressure (and water) decreases not sodium
kidney - Answers site of excretion
sodium potassium pump - Answers sodium and potassium work against each other, but with
each other for internal balance
sodium is taken up in membrane by protein transporter
sodium ion is shunted out of the cell
potassium pumps inside kidney cell to help balance osmotic pressure
fresh food - Answers where you get more potassium from
processed food - Answers where you get more sodium from
calcium functions - Answers bone and tooth structure
blood clotting
nerve impulse transmission
muscle contraction
metabolic reactions
calcium - Answers more bioavailable from milk and dairy
phosphorous functions - Answers bone structure
part of essential compounds (ATP, phospholipids, DNA & RNA)
pH control
magnesium functions - Answers enzyme cofactor
activates ATP
water - Answers most abundant source in our bodies
functions of water - Answers solvent
body temperature control
chemical reactions
medium for metabolism
lubrication/protection
acid-base balance
transport
intracellular fluid - Answers where most of water is--67% (in cells)
extracellular fluid - Answers where the lesser part of water is--33% (blood and outside of cells)
beverages - Answers where most of water intake is
kidneys (urine) - Answers where most of water output is
ADH - Answers antidiuretic hormone; released from pituitary gland when sodium content goes
up
2 steps related to ADH - Answers 1. retention of sodium in kidney
2. synthesis/signaling of thirst
angiotensin system - Answers direct retention of sodium; blood pressure is signal to get sodium
levels down; causes vasoconstriction
electrolytes - Answers potassium, phosphate, sodium, chloride
potassium and phosphate - Answers intracellular electrolyte minerals
sodium and chloride - Answers extracellular
sodium and potassium - Answers fluid balance
blood pressure
nerve impulses and conduction
muscle contraction
, chloride - Answers fluid balance
nerve impulse and conduction
hydrochloric acid production (HCl)
digestion and immune response
water - Answers electrolytes have a certain concentration relative to _______
hydration - Answers blood pressure (and sodium) increases
dehydration - Answers blood pressure (and water) decreases not sodium
kidney - Answers site of excretion
sodium potassium pump - Answers sodium and potassium work against each other, but with
each other for internal balance
sodium is taken up in membrane by protein transporter
sodium ion is shunted out of the cell
potassium pumps inside kidney cell to help balance osmotic pressure
fresh food - Answers where you get more potassium from
processed food - Answers where you get more sodium from
calcium functions - Answers bone and tooth structure
blood clotting
nerve impulse transmission
muscle contraction
metabolic reactions
calcium - Answers more bioavailable from milk and dairy
phosphorous functions - Answers bone structure
part of essential compounds (ATP, phospholipids, DNA & RNA)
pH control
magnesium functions - Answers enzyme cofactor
activates ATP
