NR 328 Exam #1: Questions With Complete
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Terms in this set (242)
Which topics should the Answer: B
nurse discuss with the Rationale: Immunizations have made a major impact in
parents of a young child to the prevention of disease in children. The nurse should
promote health in their review individual immunization records at every clinic
child? visit, avoid missing opportunities to vaccinate, and
a. Dental care needs to be encourage parents to keep immunizations current.
started by age 7. Dental caries is the single most common chronic
b. Immunization schedule disease of childhood and may begin before the first
and the importance of birthday. Human milk or iron fortified formula for should
immunizations. be given for the first year of life to prevent Iron
c. Human milk or iron Deficiency anemia. Children younger than 1 year of age
fortified formula for the first have the highest rate of death from motor vehicle
4 months of life. accidents, primarily from a failure to properly use car
d. Positioning the car seat restraints.
in the front passenger seat.
Answer(s): C
What is the leading cause Rationale: a. Drowning is the second leading cause of
of death in children older death in children older than the age of 1 year. b. Burns
than the age of 1 year? cause fewer deaths than motor vehicle accidents in
a. Drowning children older than the age of 1 year. c. Motor vehicle
b. Burns accidents are the leading cause of death in children
c. Motor vehicle accidents older than the age of 1 year. d. Cancer causes fewer
d. Cancer deaths than motor vehicle accidents in children older
than the age of 1 year.
, Answer(s): A
Rationale: A. Atraumatic care is the provision of
therapeutic care in settings, by personnel, and through
The nurse makes sure that the use of interventions that eliminate or minimize the
a toddler has a teddy bear psychological and physical distress experienced by
and that a nightlight is on children and their families in the health care system. In
in the hospital room at this case, it is making sure that the toddler has a teddy
bedtime. What concept bear and that a night light is on to prevent a dark
would these nursing environment. B. Nonmaleficence is the obligation to
actions demonstrate? minimize or prevent harm; there is no situation present
a. Atraumatic care that would require this. C. Justice is the concept of
b. Nonmaleficence fairness and is not applicable to this situation. D.
c. Justice Advocacy involves ensuring that families are aware of
d. Advocacy all available health services, adequately informed of
treatments and procedures, involved in the child’s care,
and encouraged to change or support existing health
care practices.
True or False: Open ended True
questions are most likely to
encourage parents to talk
about their feelings r/t their
child's illness.
When the nurse interviews Answer: D.
an adolescent, what is Rationale: Display a genuine interest in the
important to help establish adolescent.Adolescents accept anyone who shows a
a relationship? genuine interest in them. Although peers are important
a. Use the same type of to this age-group, the focus of the interview should be
language as the on the adolescent. The nurse should clarify which
adolescent. information will be shared with other members of the
b. Emphasize that health care team and any limits to confidentiality. The
confidentiality will always nurse should maintain a professional relationship with
be maintained. adolescents. To avoid misinterpretation of words and
c. Focus the discussion on phrases that the adolescent may use, the nurse should
the peer group. clarify terms frequently.
d. Display a genuine
interest in the adolescent.
,What approach is the most Answer: C.
appropriate when Rationale: Parents can remove clothing, and the child
performing a physical can remain on the parent’s lap. The nurse should use
assessment on a toddler? minimum physical contact initially to gain the
a. Demonstrate use of cooperation of the child. The nurse should introduce the
equipment. equipment slowly. The child can inspect the equipment,
b. Perform traumatic but demonstrations are usually too complex for this
procedures first. age-group. Traumatic procedures should always be
c. Use minimum physical performed last. These will most likely upset the child
contact initially. and inhibit cooperation. The head-to-toe assessment
d. Always proceed in a can be done in older children but usually must be
head-to-toe direction. adapted in younger children.
What is the most Answer: D.
consistent and commonly Rationale: Facial expression of discomfort. Facial
used indicator of pain in expression has consistently been validated as an
infants? indicator of pain in infants. Behavioral pain measures are
a. Thrashing of arms and most reliable for sharp procedural pain in infants.
legs. Increased heart rate and respirations are indicative of a
b. Increased heart rate. generalized and complex response to stress. They are
c. Increased respirations. not specific for pain in infants. Thrashing of arms and
d. Facial expression of legs is a reliable indicator in young children, not infants.
discomfort.
True or False: At age 1 Answer: False.
month is the normal age for Rationale: Binocularity is usually achieved by age 3 to 4
binocularity-ability to fixate months. One month is too young for binocularity. If
on one visual field with binocularity is not achieved by 6 to 12 months, the child
both eyes simultaneously. must be observed for strabismus.
What self-report pain Answer: A.
rating scales can be used Rationale: The FACES Pain Rating Scale is for children as
in children as young as 3 young as 3 years of age. The Visual Analog Scale can be
years of age? used for children older than 4 years of age but is most
a. FACES Pain Rating Scale appropriate for ages 7 and older. The Word-Graphic
b. Visual Analog Scale Rating Scale uses descriptive words and is
c. Word-Graphic Rating recommended for children 4 to 17 years of age.
Scale
d. Who Cares?
, An intravenous line is Answer: A.
needed in a school-age Rationale: LMX is an effective analgesic agent when
child. What medication is applied to the skin 30 minutes before a procedure. It
appropriate analgesic for eliminates or reduces the pain from most procedures
use with this patient? involving skin puncture. TAC provides skin anesthesia
a. LMX (4% liposomal about 15 minutes after application to nonintact skin. The
lidocaine cream) 30 gel can be placed on the wound for suturing. It is not
minutes before the useful for intact skin. Transdermal fentanyl patches are
procedure. useful for continuous pain control, not rapid pain
b. EMLA (eutectic mixture control. For maximum effectiveness, EMLA must be
of local anesthetics) applied approximately 60 minutes in advance. A
immediately before. transdermal fentanyl (Duragesic) patch at the site of
c. A transdermal fentanyl venipuncture.
(Duragesic) patch at the
site of venipuncture.
d. TAC (tetracaine,
epinephrine [Adrenalin],
cocaine) 15 minutes before.
At what age does Erickson 0 - 18 months
consider the infancy stage?
What is the basic conflict Trust vs. Mistrust
and important events of Feeding/Comfort
Erickson's infancy stage?
At what age does Erickson 2 - 3 years
consider the Early
Childhood stage?
What is the basic comfort Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
and important events of Toilet training/Dressing
Erickson's early childhood
stage?
At what age does Erickson 3 - 5 years
consider the preschool
stage?
What is the basic conflict Initiative vs. Guilt
and important events of Exploration/Play
Erickson's preschool stage?
At what age does Erickson 6 - 11 years
consider the school age?
Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (242)
Which topics should the Answer: B
nurse discuss with the Rationale: Immunizations have made a major impact in
parents of a young child to the prevention of disease in children. The nurse should
promote health in their review individual immunization records at every clinic
child? visit, avoid missing opportunities to vaccinate, and
a. Dental care needs to be encourage parents to keep immunizations current.
started by age 7. Dental caries is the single most common chronic
b. Immunization schedule disease of childhood and may begin before the first
and the importance of birthday. Human milk or iron fortified formula for should
immunizations. be given for the first year of life to prevent Iron
c. Human milk or iron Deficiency anemia. Children younger than 1 year of age
fortified formula for the first have the highest rate of death from motor vehicle
4 months of life. accidents, primarily from a failure to properly use car
d. Positioning the car seat restraints.
in the front passenger seat.
Answer(s): C
What is the leading cause Rationale: a. Drowning is the second leading cause of
of death in children older death in children older than the age of 1 year. b. Burns
than the age of 1 year? cause fewer deaths than motor vehicle accidents in
a. Drowning children older than the age of 1 year. c. Motor vehicle
b. Burns accidents are the leading cause of death in children
c. Motor vehicle accidents older than the age of 1 year. d. Cancer causes fewer
d. Cancer deaths than motor vehicle accidents in children older
than the age of 1 year.
, Answer(s): A
Rationale: A. Atraumatic care is the provision of
therapeutic care in settings, by personnel, and through
The nurse makes sure that the use of interventions that eliminate or minimize the
a toddler has a teddy bear psychological and physical distress experienced by
and that a nightlight is on children and their families in the health care system. In
in the hospital room at this case, it is making sure that the toddler has a teddy
bedtime. What concept bear and that a night light is on to prevent a dark
would these nursing environment. B. Nonmaleficence is the obligation to
actions demonstrate? minimize or prevent harm; there is no situation present
a. Atraumatic care that would require this. C. Justice is the concept of
b. Nonmaleficence fairness and is not applicable to this situation. D.
c. Justice Advocacy involves ensuring that families are aware of
d. Advocacy all available health services, adequately informed of
treatments and procedures, involved in the child’s care,
and encouraged to change or support existing health
care practices.
True or False: Open ended True
questions are most likely to
encourage parents to talk
about their feelings r/t their
child's illness.
When the nurse interviews Answer: D.
an adolescent, what is Rationale: Display a genuine interest in the
important to help establish adolescent.Adolescents accept anyone who shows a
a relationship? genuine interest in them. Although peers are important
a. Use the same type of to this age-group, the focus of the interview should be
language as the on the adolescent. The nurse should clarify which
adolescent. information will be shared with other members of the
b. Emphasize that health care team and any limits to confidentiality. The
confidentiality will always nurse should maintain a professional relationship with
be maintained. adolescents. To avoid misinterpretation of words and
c. Focus the discussion on phrases that the adolescent may use, the nurse should
the peer group. clarify terms frequently.
d. Display a genuine
interest in the adolescent.
,What approach is the most Answer: C.
appropriate when Rationale: Parents can remove clothing, and the child
performing a physical can remain on the parent’s lap. The nurse should use
assessment on a toddler? minimum physical contact initially to gain the
a. Demonstrate use of cooperation of the child. The nurse should introduce the
equipment. equipment slowly. The child can inspect the equipment,
b. Perform traumatic but demonstrations are usually too complex for this
procedures first. age-group. Traumatic procedures should always be
c. Use minimum physical performed last. These will most likely upset the child
contact initially. and inhibit cooperation. The head-to-toe assessment
d. Always proceed in a can be done in older children but usually must be
head-to-toe direction. adapted in younger children.
What is the most Answer: D.
consistent and commonly Rationale: Facial expression of discomfort. Facial
used indicator of pain in expression has consistently been validated as an
infants? indicator of pain in infants. Behavioral pain measures are
a. Thrashing of arms and most reliable for sharp procedural pain in infants.
legs. Increased heart rate and respirations are indicative of a
b. Increased heart rate. generalized and complex response to stress. They are
c. Increased respirations. not specific for pain in infants. Thrashing of arms and
d. Facial expression of legs is a reliable indicator in young children, not infants.
discomfort.
True or False: At age 1 Answer: False.
month is the normal age for Rationale: Binocularity is usually achieved by age 3 to 4
binocularity-ability to fixate months. One month is too young for binocularity. If
on one visual field with binocularity is not achieved by 6 to 12 months, the child
both eyes simultaneously. must be observed for strabismus.
What self-report pain Answer: A.
rating scales can be used Rationale: The FACES Pain Rating Scale is for children as
in children as young as 3 young as 3 years of age. The Visual Analog Scale can be
years of age? used for children older than 4 years of age but is most
a. FACES Pain Rating Scale appropriate for ages 7 and older. The Word-Graphic
b. Visual Analog Scale Rating Scale uses descriptive words and is
c. Word-Graphic Rating recommended for children 4 to 17 years of age.
Scale
d. Who Cares?
, An intravenous line is Answer: A.
needed in a school-age Rationale: LMX is an effective analgesic agent when
child. What medication is applied to the skin 30 minutes before a procedure. It
appropriate analgesic for eliminates or reduces the pain from most procedures
use with this patient? involving skin puncture. TAC provides skin anesthesia
a. LMX (4% liposomal about 15 minutes after application to nonintact skin. The
lidocaine cream) 30 gel can be placed on the wound for suturing. It is not
minutes before the useful for intact skin. Transdermal fentanyl patches are
procedure. useful for continuous pain control, not rapid pain
b. EMLA (eutectic mixture control. For maximum effectiveness, EMLA must be
of local anesthetics) applied approximately 60 minutes in advance. A
immediately before. transdermal fentanyl (Duragesic) patch at the site of
c. A transdermal fentanyl venipuncture.
(Duragesic) patch at the
site of venipuncture.
d. TAC (tetracaine,
epinephrine [Adrenalin],
cocaine) 15 minutes before.
At what age does Erickson 0 - 18 months
consider the infancy stage?
What is the basic conflict Trust vs. Mistrust
and important events of Feeding/Comfort
Erickson's infancy stage?
At what age does Erickson 2 - 3 years
consider the Early
Childhood stage?
What is the basic comfort Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
and important events of Toilet training/Dressing
Erickson's early childhood
stage?
At what age does Erickson 3 - 5 years
consider the preschool
stage?
What is the basic conflict Initiative vs. Guilt
and important events of Exploration/Play
Erickson's preschool stage?
At what age does Erickson 6 - 11 years
consider the school age?
