Midterml Exam:l NURSl 120/l NURS120l –l
Introductionl tol Medicall Surgicall Nursingl
Completel Reviewl |l WCUl (Latestl 2026/l
2027l Update)l 100%l Verifiedl Questionsl &l
Answersl |l Gradel A
Q:l Uponl assessment,l whatl canl thel nursel expectl tol findl forl theirl patientl whol isl
DEHYDRATED?
Answer:
Flushed/Dryl skin
Skinl WARMl tol touch
Poorl skinl turgor
Skinl tenting
Pale/Stickyl mucousl membranes
Q:l Whenl CELLSl arel lackingl water,l WHATl isl happeningl inl thel body?
Answer:
Dehydration
Q:l Whenl thel CVl SYSTEMl isl lackingl BOTHl waterl &l electrolytes,l WHATl isl
happeningl inl thel body?
Answer:
Hypovolemia
Q:l Whatl arel commonl CAUSESl ofl hypovolemia?
Answer:
1.l Vomiting
2.l Diarrhea
3.l GIl suctioning
,4.l Diaphoresisl w/ol sodiuml &l waterl replacement
5.l Diuretics
6.l Thirdl spacingl (fluidl shiftl tol interstitiall space)
7.l Hemorrhage
8.l Burns
Q:l Whatl S/Sl shouldl thel nursel lookl outl forl ifl theyl suspectl theirl patientl isl
experiencingl fluidl volumel deficitl (FVD)?
Answer:
EARLYl s/s
Dizziness
Possiblel syncope
Weakness
Fatigue
Confusion
Combativeness
Irritability
Agitation
Anxiety
Lethargy
LATEl s/s
Seizures
Coma
Death
Q:l IFl therel hasl beenl fluidl LOSSl inl thel body,l WHATl willl happenl tol thel Hctl levels?
Answer:
Itl willl gol UP
Q:l IFl therel isl anl EXCESSl ofl fluidl inl thel body,l WHATl willl happenl tol thel Hctl
levels?
Answer:
Itl willl gol DOWN
,Q:l Whatl isl thel nursel mostl concernedl aboutl inl theirl patientl experiencingl fluidl
OVERLOAD?
A.l Kidneyl disease
B.l Heartl failure
C.l Cerebrall edema
D.l Liverl cirrhosis
Answer:
C.l Cerebrall edema
Q:l Whatl isl thel nursel mostl concernedl aboutl inl theirl patientl experiencingl
HYPERvolemia?
A.l Hormonall changes
B.l Hypertension
C.l Weightl gain
D.l Pulmonaryl edema
Answer:
D.l Pulmonaryl edema
Q:l Whatl arel thel commonl s/sl ofl PULMONARYl edema?
Answer:
1.l JVD
2.l Crackles
3.l Tachycardia
4.l Hypertension
Q:l Al patientl presentsl tol thel emergencyl departmentl withl pulmonaryl edemal andl hasl
thel followingl VSl results:l HRl 110,l RRl 25,l BPl 135/85,l O2l 90%.l Whatl isl thel nurse'sl
priorityl action?
A.l Watchl forl usel ofl accessoryl muscles
B.l Administerl diureticsl (e.g.,l Furosemide)l tol eliminatel excessl fluidl inl body
C.l Givel patientl water
D.l Encouragel deepl breathing
Answer:
B.l Administerl diureticsl (e.g.,l Furosemide)l tol eliminatel excessl fluidl inl body
, Q:l Fluidl OVERLOADl isl usuallyl causedl byl WHICHl type(s)l ofl solutions?
Answer:
HYPOtonicl (LEAVESl intravascular/interstitiall spacel tol GOl tol intracellular)
Q:l Hypervolemial isl usuallyl causedl byl WHICHl type(s)l ofl solutions?
Answer:
Isotonicl (STAYSl inl intravascular/interstitiall space)
HYPERtonicl (PULLSl fluidl froml areasl it'sl notl supposedl tol bel inl BACKl tol
intravascular/interstitiall space)
Q:l Whichl ofl thel followingl findingsl onl al chestl x-rayl CONFIRMSl thatl al patientl hasl
pulmonaryl edema?
A.l Enlargedl heartl
B.l Patchy/fluffyl opacities
C.l Bluntedl costophrenicl angles
D.l Cloudyl appearance
Answer:
D.l Cloudyl appearance
Q:l NORMALl rangel forl sodium?
Answer:
135-145l mEq/L
Q:l CAUSESl ofl HYPOnatremia?
Answer:
1.l GIl lossesl (Diarrhea,l Vomiting,l NGl suction)
2.l Renall lossesl (Diuretics,l Adrenall insufficiency,l Renall damage,l Inflammation)
3.l Skinl lossesl (Burns,l Woundl drainage)
4.l Inadequatel intakel (Dieting,l Fasting)
5.l Excessl waterl intakel ("Dilutionall hyponatremia")
6.l Hypotonicl IVl fluidsl ("Dilutionall hyponatremia")
7.l Cirrhosis
Introductionl tol Medicall Surgicall Nursingl
Completel Reviewl |l WCUl (Latestl 2026/l
2027l Update)l 100%l Verifiedl Questionsl &l
Answersl |l Gradel A
Q:l Uponl assessment,l whatl canl thel nursel expectl tol findl forl theirl patientl whol isl
DEHYDRATED?
Answer:
Flushed/Dryl skin
Skinl WARMl tol touch
Poorl skinl turgor
Skinl tenting
Pale/Stickyl mucousl membranes
Q:l Whenl CELLSl arel lackingl water,l WHATl isl happeningl inl thel body?
Answer:
Dehydration
Q:l Whenl thel CVl SYSTEMl isl lackingl BOTHl waterl &l electrolytes,l WHATl isl
happeningl inl thel body?
Answer:
Hypovolemia
Q:l Whatl arel commonl CAUSESl ofl hypovolemia?
Answer:
1.l Vomiting
2.l Diarrhea
3.l GIl suctioning
,4.l Diaphoresisl w/ol sodiuml &l waterl replacement
5.l Diuretics
6.l Thirdl spacingl (fluidl shiftl tol interstitiall space)
7.l Hemorrhage
8.l Burns
Q:l Whatl S/Sl shouldl thel nursel lookl outl forl ifl theyl suspectl theirl patientl isl
experiencingl fluidl volumel deficitl (FVD)?
Answer:
EARLYl s/s
Dizziness
Possiblel syncope
Weakness
Fatigue
Confusion
Combativeness
Irritability
Agitation
Anxiety
Lethargy
LATEl s/s
Seizures
Coma
Death
Q:l IFl therel hasl beenl fluidl LOSSl inl thel body,l WHATl willl happenl tol thel Hctl levels?
Answer:
Itl willl gol UP
Q:l IFl therel isl anl EXCESSl ofl fluidl inl thel body,l WHATl willl happenl tol thel Hctl
levels?
Answer:
Itl willl gol DOWN
,Q:l Whatl isl thel nursel mostl concernedl aboutl inl theirl patientl experiencingl fluidl
OVERLOAD?
A.l Kidneyl disease
B.l Heartl failure
C.l Cerebrall edema
D.l Liverl cirrhosis
Answer:
C.l Cerebrall edema
Q:l Whatl isl thel nursel mostl concernedl aboutl inl theirl patientl experiencingl
HYPERvolemia?
A.l Hormonall changes
B.l Hypertension
C.l Weightl gain
D.l Pulmonaryl edema
Answer:
D.l Pulmonaryl edema
Q:l Whatl arel thel commonl s/sl ofl PULMONARYl edema?
Answer:
1.l JVD
2.l Crackles
3.l Tachycardia
4.l Hypertension
Q:l Al patientl presentsl tol thel emergencyl departmentl withl pulmonaryl edemal andl hasl
thel followingl VSl results:l HRl 110,l RRl 25,l BPl 135/85,l O2l 90%.l Whatl isl thel nurse'sl
priorityl action?
A.l Watchl forl usel ofl accessoryl muscles
B.l Administerl diureticsl (e.g.,l Furosemide)l tol eliminatel excessl fluidl inl body
C.l Givel patientl water
D.l Encouragel deepl breathing
Answer:
B.l Administerl diureticsl (e.g.,l Furosemide)l tol eliminatel excessl fluidl inl body
, Q:l Fluidl OVERLOADl isl usuallyl causedl byl WHICHl type(s)l ofl solutions?
Answer:
HYPOtonicl (LEAVESl intravascular/interstitiall spacel tol GOl tol intracellular)
Q:l Hypervolemial isl usuallyl causedl byl WHICHl type(s)l ofl solutions?
Answer:
Isotonicl (STAYSl inl intravascular/interstitiall space)
HYPERtonicl (PULLSl fluidl froml areasl it'sl notl supposedl tol bel inl BACKl tol
intravascular/interstitiall space)
Q:l Whichl ofl thel followingl findingsl onl al chestl x-rayl CONFIRMSl thatl al patientl hasl
pulmonaryl edema?
A.l Enlargedl heartl
B.l Patchy/fluffyl opacities
C.l Bluntedl costophrenicl angles
D.l Cloudyl appearance
Answer:
D.l Cloudyl appearance
Q:l NORMALl rangel forl sodium?
Answer:
135-145l mEq/L
Q:l CAUSESl ofl HYPOnatremia?
Answer:
1.l GIl lossesl (Diarrhea,l Vomiting,l NGl suction)
2.l Renall lossesl (Diuretics,l Adrenall insufficiency,l Renall damage,l Inflammation)
3.l Skinl lossesl (Burns,l Woundl drainage)
4.l Inadequatel intakel (Dieting,l Fasting)
5.l Excessl waterl intakel ("Dilutionall hyponatremia")
6.l Hypotonicl IVl fluidsl ("Dilutionall hyponatremia")
7.l Cirrhosis
