Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 2 with answers

Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 2 with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




answers


Inflammation of the stomach's mucosal lining (may involve the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


entire stomach or a region) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Gastritis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




_________Can be a mild, transient irritation, or it cab be a severe
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


ulceration with hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Acute
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Gastritis


_________ Usually develops suddenly and is likely to be
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


accompanied by nausea and epigastric pain - CORRECT|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


ANSWERS ✔✔Acute Gastritis |\ |\




_________ Gastritis develops gradually. - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Chronic Gastritis |\




Gastritis can be further categorized as erosive or nonerosive -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Chronic Gastritis
|\ |\ |\




Symptoms of: Anorexia, nausea & vomiting, postprandial
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


discomfort, and hematemesis. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Acute
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Gastritis


Symptoms of: May be asymptomatic, but usually accompanied by
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


a dull epigastric pain and a sensation of fullness after minimal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


intake. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Chronic Gastritis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\

,Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually because of |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


an infection or allergic reaction - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Gastroenteritis


Usually due to primary inflammatory disease such as crohns
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


disease - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Chronic Gastroenteritis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Commonly due to direct infection such as salmonella from raw or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


undercooked chicken or eggs - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Acute
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Gastroenteritis


Signs & Symptoms: Diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, pain,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


nausea, and vomiting - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Gastroenteritis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Most common cause of chronic gastritis - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Helicobacter pylori |\




Embeds itself in the mucous layer, activating toxins and enzymes
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


that cause inflammation. Genetic vulnerability and lifestyle
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


behaviors (smoking and stress) may increase the susceptibility -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Helicobacter pylori |\ |\ |\




Other causes of?: Organisms transmitted though food and water
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


contamination, long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


drugs, excessive alcohol use, severe stress, autoimmune
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


conditions, and other chronic disease - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Gastritis

,Complications of?: Peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and hemorrhage|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Chronic Gastritis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Manifestations of?: Include indigestion, heartburn, epigastric pain, |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, fever, and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


malaise. Hematemesis and dark, tarry stools can indicate
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


ulceration and bleeding. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Gastritis
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Chyme periodically backs up from the stomach into the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


esophagus. Bile can also back up into the esophagus. - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


ANSWERS ✔✔GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
|\ |\ |\ |\




These gastric secretions irritate the esophageal mucosa -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Causes of?: certain foods (e.g., chocolate, caffeine, carbonated
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


beverages, citrus fruit, tomatoes, spicy or fatty foods, and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


peppermint), alcohol consumption, nicotine, hiatal hernia,|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


obesity, pregnancy, certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


beta blockers, calcium-channel blockers, and anticholinergics),
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


nasogastric intubation, and delayed gastric emptying - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


ANSWERS ✔✔GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
|\ |\ |\ |\




Manifestations of?: heartburn, epigastric pain (usually after a |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


meal or when recombinant), dysphagia, dry cough, laryngitis,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


pharyngitis, regurgitation of food, and sensation of a lump in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


throat. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Disease)

, Complications of?: esophagitis, strictures, ulcerations, esophageal |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


cancer, and chronic pulmonary disease - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
|\ |\ |\




Often confused with angina and may warrant ruling out cardiac
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


disease - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Disease)
|\




Lesions affecting the lining of the stomach or duodenum -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Risk factors of?: being male, advancing age, nonsteroidal anti-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


inflammatory drug use (NSAIDs), H. pylori infections, certain |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


gastric tumors, and those for GERD. - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) |\ |\ |\




Vary in severity from superficial erosions to complete penetration
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


through the GI tract wall. Develops because of an imbalance
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


between destructive forces and protective mechanisms -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Types of Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Duodenal Ulcers |\




Gastric Ulcers |\




Stress Ulcers |\