Week 6 Notes
Memory - Part Two -
Serial Position Effect -
Serial position effect - recall beginning and ending items in sequence best,
Primary effect - information at beginning of sequence recalled as already placed in
LTM.
Recency effect - end of sequence higher recall probability because still in STM.
Environmental Context Memory -
Information easier to recall in same environmental context.
Person in original environmental context as when learning material retrieval cue).
Encoding specificity hypothesis.
State-dependent Memory -
Information easier to recall too.
Person in same environmental state as when learning material.
Internal state affects memory, especially anxiety.
Alcohol, drugs, mood affect memory.
Brain damage and memory -
Hippocampus is critical area of brain involved in processing long-term memory.
Cases in text.
Hormones and memory -
Strong memories fuelled by emotion.
Hormones enable humans to survive, imprint memories of threatening circumstances.
Excess stress hormone cortisol interferes with memory is adrenal gland disease.
Estrogen improves working memory.
Forgetting - Seven Causes -
Forgetting - “inability to recall something now that could be recalled at an earlier
occasion “.
1 - encoding - material not put into LTM.
2 - decay - unused memories disappear with time.
Memory - Part Two -
Serial Position Effect -
Serial position effect - recall beginning and ending items in sequence best,
Primary effect - information at beginning of sequence recalled as already placed in
LTM.
Recency effect - end of sequence higher recall probability because still in STM.
Environmental Context Memory -
Information easier to recall in same environmental context.
Person in original environmental context as when learning material retrieval cue).
Encoding specificity hypothesis.
State-dependent Memory -
Information easier to recall too.
Person in same environmental state as when learning material.
Internal state affects memory, especially anxiety.
Alcohol, drugs, mood affect memory.
Brain damage and memory -
Hippocampus is critical area of brain involved in processing long-term memory.
Cases in text.
Hormones and memory -
Strong memories fuelled by emotion.
Hormones enable humans to survive, imprint memories of threatening circumstances.
Excess stress hormone cortisol interferes with memory is adrenal gland disease.
Estrogen improves working memory.
Forgetting - Seven Causes -
Forgetting - “inability to recall something now that could be recalled at an earlier
occasion “.
1 - encoding - material not put into LTM.
2 - decay - unused memories disappear with time.
