NR 565 Week 5 Quiz/Exam – Comprehensive 50-Question Test
Bank with Verified Answers, Detailed Rationales, and
References | High-Yield Pharmacology & Pathophysiology for
A+ Success
1. A patient with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which adverse effect
should the nurse monitor?
A. Tachycardia
B. Persistent dry cough
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Bradycardia
Rationale: ACE inhibitors commonly cause a persistent dry cough due to
increased bradykinin.
Reference: McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E. (2021). Pathophysiology: The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th ed.). Elsevier.
2. A patient taking furosemide develops muscle weakness and irregular
heartbeat. Which lab value is most concerning?
A. Sodium 140 mEq/L
B. Calcium 9.0 mg/dL
C. Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
D. Magnesium 2.0 mg/dL
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause hypokalemia, leading to
muscle weakness and arrhythmias.
Reference: Gahart, B. L., & Nazario, L. (2022). Intravenous Medications: A
Handbook for Nurses and Health Professionals (35th ed.). Elsevier.
3. Which medication is contraindicated in patients with severe asthma?
A. Albuterol
B. Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol)
, C. Montelukast
D. Fluticasone
Rationale: Non-selective beta-blockers can precipitate bronchospasm in asthma
patients.
Reference: Brunton, L. L., Hilal-Dandan, R., & Knollmann, B. C. (2021). Goodman &
Gilman’s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
4. A patient receiving digoxin for heart failure has visual halos and nausea. What
is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Administer next dose
B. Hold medication and notify provider
C. Encourage fluids
D. Monitor only
Rationale: GI and visual changes are signs of digoxin toxicity; the dose must be
held, and the provider notified.
Reference: McCance & Huether (2021).
5. A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed metformin. Which instruction is
essential?
A. Take with insulin
B. Skip if feeling well
C. Hold metformin before contrast dye procedures
D. Take on empty stomach
Rationale: Metformin should be held before contrast to prevent lactic acidosis.
Reference: Brunton et al. (2021).
6. A patient taking warfarin asks which food to avoid. Which response is
correct?
A. Apples
B. Carrots
C. Spinach and kale
Bank with Verified Answers, Detailed Rationales, and
References | High-Yield Pharmacology & Pathophysiology for
A+ Success
1. A patient with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which adverse effect
should the nurse monitor?
A. Tachycardia
B. Persistent dry cough
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Bradycardia
Rationale: ACE inhibitors commonly cause a persistent dry cough due to
increased bradykinin.
Reference: McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E. (2021). Pathophysiology: The Biologic
Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th ed.). Elsevier.
2. A patient taking furosemide develops muscle weakness and irregular
heartbeat. Which lab value is most concerning?
A. Sodium 140 mEq/L
B. Calcium 9.0 mg/dL
C. Potassium 2.8 mEq/L
D. Magnesium 2.0 mg/dL
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause hypokalemia, leading to
muscle weakness and arrhythmias.
Reference: Gahart, B. L., & Nazario, L. (2022). Intravenous Medications: A
Handbook for Nurses and Health Professionals (35th ed.). Elsevier.
3. Which medication is contraindicated in patients with severe asthma?
A. Albuterol
B. Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol)
, C. Montelukast
D. Fluticasone
Rationale: Non-selective beta-blockers can precipitate bronchospasm in asthma
patients.
Reference: Brunton, L. L., Hilal-Dandan, R., & Knollmann, B. C. (2021). Goodman &
Gilman’s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (14th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
4. A patient receiving digoxin for heart failure has visual halos and nausea. What
is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Administer next dose
B. Hold medication and notify provider
C. Encourage fluids
D. Monitor only
Rationale: GI and visual changes are signs of digoxin toxicity; the dose must be
held, and the provider notified.
Reference: McCance & Huether (2021).
5. A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed metformin. Which instruction is
essential?
A. Take with insulin
B. Skip if feeling well
C. Hold metformin before contrast dye procedures
D. Take on empty stomach
Rationale: Metformin should be held before contrast to prevent lactic acidosis.
Reference: Brunton et al. (2021).
6. A patient taking warfarin asks which food to avoid. Which response is
correct?
A. Apples
B. Carrots
C. Spinach and kale
