NURs 330 PEDS – Questions & Expert Verified
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Terms in this set (163)
Most common cause of illness & hospitalization
Infants more likely to deteriorate than older
Respiratory Disorders in Infants = nose breathers (mouth = sign of resp distress)
Children Less mucus = more prone to infection
Tongue is larger = obstruction
Barrel-chested
Inspect - color (pale, pallor, cyanotic), nose & oral
cavity characteristics, cough, airway noises, resp effort,
anxiety, clubbing, hydration status, cap refill
Seesaw Resp = sign of failure
Physical Exam
Auscultation - listen to all lobes and count for a FULL
minute, stridor = obstruction
Palpation - sinuses for any tenderness
Onset
Location & Radiation
Duration
Characteristics
Acronym for Resp Distress:
Associated /Aggravating & alleviating factors
OLDCARTSp
Relieving factors
Timing
Severity - how are they behaving, tachypnea?
Prior episodes / past events
, Excessive CO2 in the blood which lowers pH
Too acidotic can lead to a coma or resp risk
Rapid shallow resps causes resp acidsis
Respiratory Acidosis Signs: hypoventilation, shallow resps, decreased BP,
dyspnea, headache, hyperkalemia, dysrhythmias
(increased potassium), drowsy / dizzy, muscle weakness
Causes: Drug over dose, COPD, pneumonia, atelctasis
Oxygen - 0.1-1L, suctioning, chest physio (3min every
lobe on back & upper on front), instilling saline, chest
tube
Treatments
Meds: antibiotics, antihistamines, inhalers,
corticosteroids
Chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by
infiltaration of airway T cells, mast cells, baso, macro, &
eosinophils
Constriction, Inflammation, Mucus secretion
Asthma
Risk: hx, smoke, air contaminant, pollutant, viral
infections, low birth weight
Protective: large family, later brith order, childcare
attendance, dog, living on farm
Frequent coughing, SOB, feeling tired, wheezing,
Asthma S & S common cold, allergies, chest pain, troubles while
sleeping
Triggers - result in tightening of airways
(bronchoconstriction), not causing inflammation
2 Factors That Provoke
Asthma Inducers - result in inflammation & airway hyper-
responsiveness (risk factors - RSV, flu, pneumonia,
allergies)
, SABA (salbutamol) - prevention & relief of
bronchospasm, corticosteroids (dexamethasone) - anti-
inflammatory, hydration, avoid triggers
Asthma Treatments
Atrovent (anticholinergic) - produces bronchodilation
without systemic affect, treatment of wheezes
Respiratory virus that is spread through direct contact
with respiratory secretions of from particles on objects,
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Invades nasopharynx = necrosis of resp epithelium,
(RSV) airways become obstructed (hyperinflation &
atelectasis)
Highly Contagious
Rhinorrhea, wheezing, irritability & restlessness, low
RSV Symptoms grade fever, nasal flaring & retractions, liver & spleen
may be palpable, lethargy
Supportive therapy, hydration, relieving symptoms,
oxygen, anti-viral meds, humidity, keep HOB (30-45°)
RSV Management
Prevent: cover cough/sneezes wash hands, do not share
cups, avoid contact with people who have a cold
Bacterial infection that is invasive as it can affect several
different body tissues & organs
Haemophilus Influenzae B Pneumonia (lung infection), bacteremia (bloodstream),
(HiB) Meningitis (brain tissue), epiglottitis (throat), cellulitis
(skin), arthritis ( joint)
Prevention: Good hygiene & immunization!!!
Pneumonia, Meningitis, Bacteremia: fever, chills, chough,
sob, sweating, chest pain, headache, muscle pain/aches,
tiredness
HiB S & S
Meningitis: stiff neck, nausea, photophobia, altered
mental status
Bacteremia: pain in belly, diarrhea, anxiety
Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (163)
Most common cause of illness & hospitalization
Infants more likely to deteriorate than older
Respiratory Disorders in Infants = nose breathers (mouth = sign of resp distress)
Children Less mucus = more prone to infection
Tongue is larger = obstruction
Barrel-chested
Inspect - color (pale, pallor, cyanotic), nose & oral
cavity characteristics, cough, airway noises, resp effort,
anxiety, clubbing, hydration status, cap refill
Seesaw Resp = sign of failure
Physical Exam
Auscultation - listen to all lobes and count for a FULL
minute, stridor = obstruction
Palpation - sinuses for any tenderness
Onset
Location & Radiation
Duration
Characteristics
Acronym for Resp Distress:
Associated /Aggravating & alleviating factors
OLDCARTSp
Relieving factors
Timing
Severity - how are they behaving, tachypnea?
Prior episodes / past events
, Excessive CO2 in the blood which lowers pH
Too acidotic can lead to a coma or resp risk
Rapid shallow resps causes resp acidsis
Respiratory Acidosis Signs: hypoventilation, shallow resps, decreased BP,
dyspnea, headache, hyperkalemia, dysrhythmias
(increased potassium), drowsy / dizzy, muscle weakness
Causes: Drug over dose, COPD, pneumonia, atelctasis
Oxygen - 0.1-1L, suctioning, chest physio (3min every
lobe on back & upper on front), instilling saline, chest
tube
Treatments
Meds: antibiotics, antihistamines, inhalers,
corticosteroids
Chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by
infiltaration of airway T cells, mast cells, baso, macro, &
eosinophils
Constriction, Inflammation, Mucus secretion
Asthma
Risk: hx, smoke, air contaminant, pollutant, viral
infections, low birth weight
Protective: large family, later brith order, childcare
attendance, dog, living on farm
Frequent coughing, SOB, feeling tired, wheezing,
Asthma S & S common cold, allergies, chest pain, troubles while
sleeping
Triggers - result in tightening of airways
(bronchoconstriction), not causing inflammation
2 Factors That Provoke
Asthma Inducers - result in inflammation & airway hyper-
responsiveness (risk factors - RSV, flu, pneumonia,
allergies)
, SABA (salbutamol) - prevention & relief of
bronchospasm, corticosteroids (dexamethasone) - anti-
inflammatory, hydration, avoid triggers
Asthma Treatments
Atrovent (anticholinergic) - produces bronchodilation
without systemic affect, treatment of wheezes
Respiratory virus that is spread through direct contact
with respiratory secretions of from particles on objects,
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Invades nasopharynx = necrosis of resp epithelium,
(RSV) airways become obstructed (hyperinflation &
atelectasis)
Highly Contagious
Rhinorrhea, wheezing, irritability & restlessness, low
RSV Symptoms grade fever, nasal flaring & retractions, liver & spleen
may be palpable, lethargy
Supportive therapy, hydration, relieving symptoms,
oxygen, anti-viral meds, humidity, keep HOB (30-45°)
RSV Management
Prevent: cover cough/sneezes wash hands, do not share
cups, avoid contact with people who have a cold
Bacterial infection that is invasive as it can affect several
different body tissues & organs
Haemophilus Influenzae B Pneumonia (lung infection), bacteremia (bloodstream),
(HiB) Meningitis (brain tissue), epiglottitis (throat), cellulitis
(skin), arthritis ( joint)
Prevention: Good hygiene & immunization!!!
Pneumonia, Meningitis, Bacteremia: fever, chills, chough,
sob, sweating, chest pain, headache, muscle pain/aches,
tiredness
HiB S & S
Meningitis: stiff neck, nausea, photophobia, altered
mental status
Bacteremia: pain in belly, diarrhea, anxiety
