11/7/25, 2:21 PM Certified Emergency Nursing Exam
Certified Emergency Nursing Exam 2025 -2026
updated questions and accurate, detailed answers
\verified 100% \Graded A+
Shock State of impaired tissue perfusion resulting from circulatory
failure.
Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to lack of
Hypovolemic Shock
circulating volume or not ENOUGH GAS.
Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to maldistribution of
Cardiogenic Shock
oxygen to the
periphery. Its like adding a larger engine without increasing the
size of the tank.
amount of blood ejected from each ventricle per
Stroke volume
contraction, strength of myocardial contraction
Preload volume of blood that results in pressure or stretch of the
ventricles during diastole.
Afterload The force or resistance against which the heart pumps.
three classic signs—bradycardia, hypertension, and
Cushing's triad
bradypnea—seen with pressure on the medulla as a
result of increased intracranial pressure.
Chronotropes Drugs that affect HR, at the SA node
Inotropes Drugs that affect contractility, force of contraction of the heart.
Dromotropes drugs that affect automaticity of the heart at the AV node
ACE Inhibitors -pril, decrease preload and afterload by
Vasodilators
vasodilation and diuresis. Monitor for dry cough,
angioedema or rash.
-sartan, vasodilation and decreased aldosterone levels
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
(ARBs) increasing excretion of sodium and sparing of
potassium, indications include htn, heart failure
Calcium Channel Blockers -dipine, negative inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic effects
-lol, negative inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic
Beta-blockers
effects. cardioselective work on beta 1 (heart) and non
cardioselective work on beta1 and 2 (lungs)
Vasodilators Nicardipine, Labetalol, Nesiritide, Nitroglycerin, Nitroprusside
/ 1/1
4
, 11/7/25, 2:21 PM Certified Emergency Nursing Exam
Vasopressor and Inotropic Epinephrine, Dobutamine, Dopamine, Milrinone, Norepinephrine,
Medications Phenylepyhrine,
Nicardipine calcium channel blocker, coronary, peripheral vasodilator,
monitor bp, hr continually
slows hr, decreases pvr, co, bp, moderately decreases preload
Labetalol and afterload.
gradually lower bp to avoid cerebral ischemia/infarct,
optic nerve infarction, angina, myocardial ischemia or
infarct.
Nitroglycerin coronary artery dilator, peripheral vasodilator.
Epinephrine increases co, hr, svr, relaxes bronchial smooth muscles.
decreases preload and afterload, increases contractility,
Dobutamine
sv, co but does not increase oxygen demand.
lower doses increase contractility, higher doses
dopamine
additionally increase vasoconstriction
tissue necrosis with infiltration, increases co, hr, svr,
Norepinephrine
increases bp, coronary blood flow.
vasopressin increase svr, causes vasoconstriction, water retention, urine
contraction
Adenosine svt, wpw, slows sa node and av node conduction, hr, give rapid iv
push
unstable vt, vf, svt, decreases av conduction, prolongs
Amiodarone
action potential, refractory period.
Digoxin afib, flutter, paroxysmal svt,
Onset
Provoke, Precipitate,
Palliate Quality
OPQRST mnemonic
Radiate,
Region
Severity,
Symptoms
Timing
biphasic 120-200 joules
defibrillation adult
monophasic 200-300 joules
defibrillation child 2 joules/kg, then 4 joules/kg
Wolff-Parkinson-White Fast heart rate with the presence of delta wave
Syndrome
aflutter sawtooth waves
/ 2/1
4
Certified Emergency Nursing Exam 2025 -2026
updated questions and accurate, detailed answers
\verified 100% \Graded A+
Shock State of impaired tissue perfusion resulting from circulatory
failure.
Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to lack of
Hypovolemic Shock
circulating volume or not ENOUGH GAS.
Decreased cellular perfusion secondary to maldistribution of
Cardiogenic Shock
oxygen to the
periphery. Its like adding a larger engine without increasing the
size of the tank.
amount of blood ejected from each ventricle per
Stroke volume
contraction, strength of myocardial contraction
Preload volume of blood that results in pressure or stretch of the
ventricles during diastole.
Afterload The force or resistance against which the heart pumps.
three classic signs—bradycardia, hypertension, and
Cushing's triad
bradypnea—seen with pressure on the medulla as a
result of increased intracranial pressure.
Chronotropes Drugs that affect HR, at the SA node
Inotropes Drugs that affect contractility, force of contraction of the heart.
Dromotropes drugs that affect automaticity of the heart at the AV node
ACE Inhibitors -pril, decrease preload and afterload by
Vasodilators
vasodilation and diuresis. Monitor for dry cough,
angioedema or rash.
-sartan, vasodilation and decreased aldosterone levels
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
(ARBs) increasing excretion of sodium and sparing of
potassium, indications include htn, heart failure
Calcium Channel Blockers -dipine, negative inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic effects
-lol, negative inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic
Beta-blockers
effects. cardioselective work on beta 1 (heart) and non
cardioselective work on beta1 and 2 (lungs)
Vasodilators Nicardipine, Labetalol, Nesiritide, Nitroglycerin, Nitroprusside
/ 1/1
4
, 11/7/25, 2:21 PM Certified Emergency Nursing Exam
Vasopressor and Inotropic Epinephrine, Dobutamine, Dopamine, Milrinone, Norepinephrine,
Medications Phenylepyhrine,
Nicardipine calcium channel blocker, coronary, peripheral vasodilator,
monitor bp, hr continually
slows hr, decreases pvr, co, bp, moderately decreases preload
Labetalol and afterload.
gradually lower bp to avoid cerebral ischemia/infarct,
optic nerve infarction, angina, myocardial ischemia or
infarct.
Nitroglycerin coronary artery dilator, peripheral vasodilator.
Epinephrine increases co, hr, svr, relaxes bronchial smooth muscles.
decreases preload and afterload, increases contractility,
Dobutamine
sv, co but does not increase oxygen demand.
lower doses increase contractility, higher doses
dopamine
additionally increase vasoconstriction
tissue necrosis with infiltration, increases co, hr, svr,
Norepinephrine
increases bp, coronary blood flow.
vasopressin increase svr, causes vasoconstriction, water retention, urine
contraction
Adenosine svt, wpw, slows sa node and av node conduction, hr, give rapid iv
push
unstable vt, vf, svt, decreases av conduction, prolongs
Amiodarone
action potential, refractory period.
Digoxin afib, flutter, paroxysmal svt,
Onset
Provoke, Precipitate,
Palliate Quality
OPQRST mnemonic
Radiate,
Region
Severity,
Symptoms
Timing
biphasic 120-200 joules
defibrillation adult
monophasic 200-300 joules
defibrillation child 2 joules/kg, then 4 joules/kg
Wolff-Parkinson-White Fast heart rate with the presence of delta wave
Syndrome
aflutter sawtooth waves
/ 2/1
4
