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Foundations of Nursing Exam | Nursing Theory, Scope, Process, Medication & More | NCLEX Prep

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Master the fundamentals of nursing with this comprehensive first exam review! This resource is packed with essential multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blank exercises, and detailed concept reviews covering the core principles every nursing student needs to know. What's Included: A full-length foundations of nursing exam with various question formats. Clear answers and detailed rationales for key concepts. Well-organized tables and lists for efficient studying and review. Key Topics Covered: Nursing Scope & History: ANA, Florence Nightingale, historical barriers, and reforms. Nursing Theories: Environmental Theory (Nightingale), Basic Needs (Henderson), Self-Care (Orem), Adaptation Theory. The Nursing Process: ADPIE (Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation), Nursing Diagnoses (PES format). Health & Holism: WHO definition, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, holistic care perspective. Healthcare Systems: Medicare, Medicaid, PPACA, levels of care (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary), Managed Care. Medication Administration: 5+ Rights, MAR, drug orders, routes, responsibilities, and error response. Stress & Coping: General Adaptation Syndrome, coping mechanisms vs. strategies, stress management. Nurse-Client Relationship: Roles, principles, therapeutic communication, client teaching, and learning domains (Cognitive, Affective, Psychomotor). Documentation: Types of charting (SOAP, PIE, Focus, CBE), HIPAA, and requirements.

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Science Medicine Nursing


Foundations of Nursing Exam #1
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Terms in this set (88)


Which organization is the best source of D. American Nurses Association
information when a nurse wishes to
determine whether an action is within the
scope of nursing practice?
a. American Association of Colleges in
Nursing
b. (AACN) National League for Nursing
(NLN)
c. International Council of Nurses (ICN)
d. American Nurses Association (ANA)

What was one barrier to the development b. lack of education standards
of the nursing profession in the United
States after the Civil War?
a.independence of nursing orders
b.lack of educational standards
c.hospital-based schools of nursing
d.lack of influence from nursing leaders

Which nurse posited a theory that can be c. Florence Nightingale
practically applied to nursing as follows:
"Nurses modify unhealthy aspects of the
environment to put the client in the best
condition for nature to act."
a. Dorothea Orem
b. Sister Callista Roy
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Virginia Henderson

What historical event led to the demise of When religions groups were exiled to western Europe during the schism between
nursing in England before the time of King Henry VIII and the Catholic Church. (The management of parochial hospitals
Florence Nightingale? and the ill within them fell to the state)

, Training women for future work
Selecting only those with upstanding characters as potential nurses
Reforms for which Florence Nightingale is Improving sanitary conditions for the sick and injured
responsible. Significantly reducing the death rate of British soldiers
Providing classroom education and clinical teaching
Advocating that nursing education should be lifelong

1. Nurses moved into communities and established "settlement houses
Name three ways that nurses used their
2. Provided midwifery services
skills in the early history of US nursing.
3. Volunteered during wartime

Art of Nursing Ability to perform act skillfully

body of knowledge unique to a particular subject; develops from observing and
Science of Nursing
studying the relationship of one phenomenon to another

External conditions such as ventilation, light, odor, and cleanliness can prevent,
Nursing Theory: Environmental Theory suppress, or contribute to disease or death.
Florence Nighingale

People have basic needs that are components of health. The significance and
Nursing Theory: Basic Needs Theory value of these needs are unique to each person.
Virginia Henderson

People learn behaviors that they perform on their own behalf to maintain life,
Nursing Theory: Self-Care Theory health, and well-being.
Dorothea Orem

Humans are biopsychosocial beings; a change in one component results in
Nursing Theory: Adaptation Theory
adaptive changes in the others.

organized sequence of problem-solving steps used to identify and manage the
health problems of clients
Assessment
Nursing Process Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation

Within the legal scope of nursing.
Based on knowledge
Planned.
Characteristics of Nursing Process Client-centered.
Goal-directed.
Prioritized.
Dynamic.

-database assessment (initial information about the client's physical, emotional,
social, and spiritual health
-focus assessment (information that provides more details about specific
The sources of Assessment Data problems and expands the original database.)
-functional assessment is a comprehensive evaluation of a client's physical
strengths and weaknesses in areas such as (1) the performance of activities of
daily living, (2) cognitive abilities, and (3) social functioning.

P: Name of the health-related issue or problem as identified in the NANDA-I list
Three parts of nursing diagnostic
E: Etiology (its cause)
statement
S: Signs and symptoms also called defining characteristics

standards for care policies that ensure quality client care

nursing diagnoses, outcome criteria, nursing interventions, and their rationale for
What do nursing care plans include?
each assigned client

observable and measurable data ("signs") obtained through observation, physical
Objective Data
examination, and laboratory and diagnostic testing

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November 7, 2025
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