MED-SURG :CARDIOVASCULAR
REVIEW EXAM 2025 ORGANIZED
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
EXPERT VERIFIED ANSWERS
GRADED A+ (ORIGINAL COPY!!!!!)
5. A key diagnostic test for heart failure is:
1. serum potassium.
2. B-type natriuretic peptide.
3. Troponin I
4. cardiac enzymes. - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 2. B-type
natriuretic peptide.
6. While auscultating the heart sounds of a client with mitral
insufficiency, the nurse hears an extra heart sound immediately
after the S2. The nurse should document this extra heart sound
as a:
1. S1.
2. S3.
3. S4.
4. mitral murmur. - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 2. S3.
Rationale: An S3, is heard following an S2. This indicates that
the client is experiencing heart failure and results from
increased filling pressures. An S1 is a normal heart sound made
by the closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves. An S4 is heard
,before S1 and is caused by resistance to ventricular filling. A
murmur of mitral insufficiency occurs during systole and is
heard when there's turbulent blood flow across the valve.
7. A nurse administers heparin to a client with deep vein
thrombophlebitis. Which laboratory value should the nurse
monitor to determine the effectiveness of heparin?
1. PTT
2. HCT
3. CBC
4. PT - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 1. PTT
Rationale: The therapeutic effectiveness of heparin is
determined by monitoring the patient's PTT, PT, HCT, and CBC
don't monitor the therapeutic effectiveness of heparin.
Monitoring the PT determines warfarin's effectiveness.
8. A client has just returned from cardiac catheterization.
Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate?
1. Help the client ambulate to the bathroom.
2. Restrict fluids.
3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
4. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter. - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer. 3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
Rationale: After cardiac catheterization, monitor peripheral
pulses to assess peripheral perfusion. Helping the client
ambulate to the bathroom is incorrect because the client should
be on bed rest for 4 to 8 hours after the procedure to reduce the
risk of bleeding at the insertion site. Restricting fluids is
incorrect because the client should be encouraged to drink
,fluids after the procedure, unless contraindicated. Adequate
hydration reduces the risk of nephrotoxicity that can occur with
the use of contrast dye. Although urine output is monitored
following cardiac catheterization, the insertion of a urinary
catherter isn't necessary.
9. A client is in the first postoperative day after left
femoropopliteal revascularization. Which position would be
most appropriate for this client?
1. On his left-sided
2. In high Fowler's position
3. On his right side
4. In a left lateral decubitus position - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer: 3. On his right side
Rationale: Following revascularization, avoid positioning the
client on the surgical side. Because this client had left
femoropoliteal revascularization, he may be positioned on the
right side. Placing the client on the left side is incorrect because
this would position the client on the operative side. Positioning
the client in high Fowler's position is incorrect because the
client should avoid flexion at the surgical site. Placing the client
in a left lateral decubitus position is incorrect because this
would place the client on the surgical side and cause flexion at
the site.
10. A nurse is evaluating a client with left-sided heart failure.
Which finding should the nurse expect to assess?
1. Ascites
2. Dyspnea
3. Hepatomegaly
, 4. Jugular vein distention - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 2.
Dyspnea
Rationale: Dyspnea may occur in a client with left-sided heart
failure. Ascites, hepatomegaly, and jugular vein distention are
assessment findings in right-sided heart failure.
11. A client has developed acute pulmonary edema. Which test
result should the nurse expect?
1. Interstitial edema by chest X-ray
2. Metabolic alkalosis by ABG analysis
3. Bradycardia by ECG
4. Decreased PAWP by hemodynamic monitoring - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-Answer: 1. Interstitial edema by chest X-ray
Rationale: The chest X-ray of a client with acute pulmonary
edema shows interstitial edema as a result of the heart's failure
to pump adequately. Metabolic alkalosis is incorrect because
the ABG analysis of a client in acute pulmonary edema shows
respiratory alkalosis or acidosis. Bradycardia is incorrect
because the ECG would most likely indicate tachycardia.
Decreased PAWP is incorrect because PAWP rises in the client
with acute pulmonary edema.
12. A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client with
PVD. The nurse should teach the client to:
1. inspect his feet weekly
2. begin a daily walking program
3. wear constrictive clothing
4. stand rather than sit when possible - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer: 2. begin a daily walking program
REVIEW EXAM 2025 ORGANIZED
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
EXPERT VERIFIED ANSWERS
GRADED A+ (ORIGINAL COPY!!!!!)
5. A key diagnostic test for heart failure is:
1. serum potassium.
2. B-type natriuretic peptide.
3. Troponin I
4. cardiac enzymes. - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 2. B-type
natriuretic peptide.
6. While auscultating the heart sounds of a client with mitral
insufficiency, the nurse hears an extra heart sound immediately
after the S2. The nurse should document this extra heart sound
as a:
1. S1.
2. S3.
3. S4.
4. mitral murmur. - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 2. S3.
Rationale: An S3, is heard following an S2. This indicates that
the client is experiencing heart failure and results from
increased filling pressures. An S1 is a normal heart sound made
by the closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves. An S4 is heard
,before S1 and is caused by resistance to ventricular filling. A
murmur of mitral insufficiency occurs during systole and is
heard when there's turbulent blood flow across the valve.
7. A nurse administers heparin to a client with deep vein
thrombophlebitis. Which laboratory value should the nurse
monitor to determine the effectiveness of heparin?
1. PTT
2. HCT
3. CBC
4. PT - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 1. PTT
Rationale: The therapeutic effectiveness of heparin is
determined by monitoring the patient's PTT, PT, HCT, and CBC
don't monitor the therapeutic effectiveness of heparin.
Monitoring the PT determines warfarin's effectiveness.
8. A client has just returned from cardiac catheterization.
Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate?
1. Help the client ambulate to the bathroom.
2. Restrict fluids.
3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
4. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter. - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer. 3. Monitor peripheral pulses.
Rationale: After cardiac catheterization, monitor peripheral
pulses to assess peripheral perfusion. Helping the client
ambulate to the bathroom is incorrect because the client should
be on bed rest for 4 to 8 hours after the procedure to reduce the
risk of bleeding at the insertion site. Restricting fluids is
incorrect because the client should be encouraged to drink
,fluids after the procedure, unless contraindicated. Adequate
hydration reduces the risk of nephrotoxicity that can occur with
the use of contrast dye. Although urine output is monitored
following cardiac catheterization, the insertion of a urinary
catherter isn't necessary.
9. A client is in the first postoperative day after left
femoropopliteal revascularization. Which position would be
most appropriate for this client?
1. On his left-sided
2. In high Fowler's position
3. On his right side
4. In a left lateral decubitus position - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer: 3. On his right side
Rationale: Following revascularization, avoid positioning the
client on the surgical side. Because this client had left
femoropoliteal revascularization, he may be positioned on the
right side. Placing the client on the left side is incorrect because
this would position the client on the operative side. Positioning
the client in high Fowler's position is incorrect because the
client should avoid flexion at the surgical site. Placing the client
in a left lateral decubitus position is incorrect because this
would place the client on the surgical side and cause flexion at
the site.
10. A nurse is evaluating a client with left-sided heart failure.
Which finding should the nurse expect to assess?
1. Ascites
2. Dyspnea
3. Hepatomegaly
, 4. Jugular vein distention - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 2.
Dyspnea
Rationale: Dyspnea may occur in a client with left-sided heart
failure. Ascites, hepatomegaly, and jugular vein distention are
assessment findings in right-sided heart failure.
11. A client has developed acute pulmonary edema. Which test
result should the nurse expect?
1. Interstitial edema by chest X-ray
2. Metabolic alkalosis by ABG analysis
3. Bradycardia by ECG
4. Decreased PAWP by hemodynamic monitoring - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-Answer: 1. Interstitial edema by chest X-ray
Rationale: The chest X-ray of a client with acute pulmonary
edema shows interstitial edema as a result of the heart's failure
to pump adequately. Metabolic alkalosis is incorrect because
the ABG analysis of a client in acute pulmonary edema shows
respiratory alkalosis or acidosis. Bradycardia is incorrect
because the ECG would most likely indicate tachycardia.
Decreased PAWP is incorrect because PAWP rises in the client
with acute pulmonary edema.
12. A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client with
PVD. The nurse should teach the client to:
1. inspect his feet weekly
2. begin a daily walking program
3. wear constrictive clothing
4. stand rather than sit when possible - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
Answer: 2. begin a daily walking program
