Davita Rise Final Exam (NEWEST) with verified ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
detailed solutions ||\\//||
Ultrafiltration (UF): - correct answer✔✔Fluid pushed through the semipermeable ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
membrane (SPM) membrane ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Convection: - correct answer✔✔Solutes dragged across SPM along with fluid
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Hyperkalemia: - correct answer✔✔> 6.5 mEq Symptoms: extreme muscle weakness, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
abnormal heart rhythm, and possible cardiac arrest
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Hypokalemia: - correct answer✔✔< 3.5 mEq Symptoms: fatigue, muscle weakness, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
paralysis, and respiratory failure, cardiac instability, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Normal blood pH range is - correct answer✔✔7.35-7.45.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are the kidneys' endocrine functions? - correct answer✔✔Renin secretion,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Erythropoietin secretion, Vitamin D activation ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are the most common causes of CKD in the USA? - correct answer✔✔• Diabetes
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
• Hypertension
||\\//||
• Polycystic Kidney Disease
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Signs & Symptoms of fluid imbalance - correct answer✔✔Hypertension
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
• Edema
||\\//||
,• Shortness of Breath
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A common cause of hypertension in dialysis patients is - correct answer✔✔• fluid overload
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What does hypertension lead to? - correct answer✔✔• Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy leads to: - correct answer✔✔• ischemic heart disease,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, and sudden death ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Why are dialysis patients anemic? The life span of their red blood cell is 60 days or
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
approximately ½ of normal 120 days. - correct answer✔✔Primary cause: Lack of the ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
hormone erythropoietin (EPO) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Secondary causes: Inadequate iron stores, inadequate dialysis, malnutrition, blood loss ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
during treatment ||\\//||
What are the four key elements contributing to CKD-Mineral Bone Disorder (MBD)? -
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
correct answer✔✔• Calcium, Phosphorus, PTH, Vitamin D (Calcitriol) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
||\\//|| - All lead to CKD-MBD when they are abnormal
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pre-renal causes of AKI - correct answer✔✔Obstruction, Volume Depletion, Impaired ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Cardiac Function ||\\//||
Intra-renal causes of AKI - correct answer✔✔Ischemic ATN, Sepsis, SIRS, Septic Shock, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Anaphylaxis Drugs, Goodpasture Syndrome, Acute Glomerulonephritis, Trauma, Open ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Heart Surgery ||\\//||
Post-renal causes of AKI - correct answer✔✔Obstruction, Oliguric, Bladder rupture, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pregnancy
, Explain the difference between AKI and CKD - correct answer✔✔• Eliminating the cause ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
of the AKI can often lead to the return of kidney function
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
||\\//|| • You cannot eliminate the cause of CKD which is HTN, Diabetes, genetic disorders (PKD)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are V-tags and why are they important? - correct answer✔✔• They state specific
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
regulations to be met within a condition such as infection control, providing interpretive ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
guidance for each regulation and citing deficiencies by tag # ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
The manual conductivity value must match +/- 0.4 mS on the Fresenius (FMC) 2008K and
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
K2 dialysis delivery system displayed conductivity. Checking independent conductivity is
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
NOT required when using the Fresenius 2008T or T BlueStar models or B Braun
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
hemodialysis machines. ||\\//||
T or F - correct answer✔✔T
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is "strikethrough" of an external pressure transducer and why is it of concern? -
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
correct answer✔✔• It is when fluid could have entered the machine and contaminated the ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
internal pressure transducer protector providing a reservoir for microorganisms and causing ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
subsequent patient blood infections
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
List six occurrences when to document. - correct answer✔✔Baseline assessment
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Change from baseline assessment ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Change in patient's condition ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Procedure or treatment ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Medication given and patient response ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Patient teaching ||\\//||
detailed solutions ||\\//||
Ultrafiltration (UF): - correct answer✔✔Fluid pushed through the semipermeable ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
membrane (SPM) membrane ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Convection: - correct answer✔✔Solutes dragged across SPM along with fluid
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Hyperkalemia: - correct answer✔✔> 6.5 mEq Symptoms: extreme muscle weakness, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
abnormal heart rhythm, and possible cardiac arrest
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Hypokalemia: - correct answer✔✔< 3.5 mEq Symptoms: fatigue, muscle weakness, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
paralysis, and respiratory failure, cardiac instability, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Normal blood pH range is - correct answer✔✔7.35-7.45.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are the kidneys' endocrine functions? - correct answer✔✔Renin secretion,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Erythropoietin secretion, Vitamin D activation ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are the most common causes of CKD in the USA? - correct answer✔✔• Diabetes
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
• Hypertension
||\\//||
• Polycystic Kidney Disease
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Signs & Symptoms of fluid imbalance - correct answer✔✔Hypertension
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
• Edema
||\\//||
,• Shortness of Breath
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
A common cause of hypertension in dialysis patients is - correct answer✔✔• fluid overload
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What does hypertension lead to? - correct answer✔✔• Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy leads to: - correct answer✔✔• ischemic heart disease,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, and sudden death ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Why are dialysis patients anemic? The life span of their red blood cell is 60 days or
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
approximately ½ of normal 120 days. - correct answer✔✔Primary cause: Lack of the ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
hormone erythropoietin (EPO) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Secondary causes: Inadequate iron stores, inadequate dialysis, malnutrition, blood loss ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
during treatment ||\\//||
What are the four key elements contributing to CKD-Mineral Bone Disorder (MBD)? -
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
correct answer✔✔• Calcium, Phosphorus, PTH, Vitamin D (Calcitriol) ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
||\\//|| - All lead to CKD-MBD when they are abnormal
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pre-renal causes of AKI - correct answer✔✔Obstruction, Volume Depletion, Impaired ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Cardiac Function ||\\//||
Intra-renal causes of AKI - correct answer✔✔Ischemic ATN, Sepsis, SIRS, Septic Shock, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Anaphylaxis Drugs, Goodpasture Syndrome, Acute Glomerulonephritis, Trauma, Open ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Heart Surgery ||\\//||
Post-renal causes of AKI - correct answer✔✔Obstruction, Oliguric, Bladder rupture, ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Pregnancy
, Explain the difference between AKI and CKD - correct answer✔✔• Eliminating the cause ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
of the AKI can often lead to the return of kidney function
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
||\\//|| • You cannot eliminate the cause of CKD which is HTN, Diabetes, genetic disorders (PKD)
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What are V-tags and why are they important? - correct answer✔✔• They state specific
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
regulations to be met within a condition such as infection control, providing interpretive ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
guidance for each regulation and citing deficiencies by tag # ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
The manual conductivity value must match +/- 0.4 mS on the Fresenius (FMC) 2008K and
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
K2 dialysis delivery system displayed conductivity. Checking independent conductivity is
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
NOT required when using the Fresenius 2008T or T BlueStar models or B Braun
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
hemodialysis machines. ||\\//||
T or F - correct answer✔✔T
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
What is "strikethrough" of an external pressure transducer and why is it of concern? -
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
correct answer✔✔• It is when fluid could have entered the machine and contaminated the ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
internal pressure transducer protector providing a reservoir for microorganisms and causing ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
subsequent patient blood infections
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
List six occurrences when to document. - correct answer✔✔Baseline assessment
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Change from baseline assessment ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Change in patient's condition ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Procedure or treatment ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Medication given and patient response ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Patient teaching ||\\//||
