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HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology
| Questions and Answers
| Complete Nursing Entrance Exam Prep
Which is an anterior muscle?
A. Gluteus maximus
B. Quadriceps femoris
C. Biceps femoris
D. Adductor magnus
ANSWER: B. An anterior muscle is located near the front of the body. Of those
listed, the quadriceps( frontal thigh muscle) is the most anterior.
How might the headrest on a car prevent traumatic injury?
A. By limiting hyperflexion of the neck
B. By limiting hyperextension of the neck
C. By reducing vertebral compression
D. By preventing disc degeneration
ANSWER: B. The headrest prevents the head from moving too far backward, or
hyperextending the neck beyond its normal range.
Which might you expect to see in a whiplash injury?
A. Cardiopulmonary problems
B. Side-to-side spinal curvature
C. Eventual herniation of discs
, 2
D. Traumatic injury to ligaments
ANSWER: D. Because of the hyperflexion and hyperextension caused by such a
collision, it is not uncommon to find tears or stretching of the ligaments of the
spine. The injury is front-to-back, making choice B unlikely, and a herniated disc
(choice C) is more of a compression injury.
Muscle contractions that normally move food along the human digestive
system are known as ________.
A. defecation
B. osmosis
C. peristalsis
D. circulation
ANSWER: C. Defecation(choice A) is the elimination of waste. Osmosis (choice
B) is the movement of molecules across a membrane. Circulation (choice D) is the
movement of blood through the body. Peristalsis (choice C) is the involuntary,
wavelike movement of muscles in the intestine and elsewhere that pushes food
along.
Which type of nutrient does not provide the body with energy?
A. Vitamin
B. Carbohydrate
C. Fat
D. Protein
ANSWER: A. Some nutrients supply energy, and others support metabolism.
Nutrients in the first set include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Those in the
secound set include vitamins, minerals, and water.
, 3
Where would you be likely to find a Schwann cell?
A. In the digestive system
B. In the nervous system
C. In the skeletal system
D. In the muscular system
ANSWER: B. Schwann cells wrap around the nerve fibers and form the myelin
sheath in the peripheral nervous system.
How does the nervous system work with the muscular system?
A. The muscles of the body produce chemicals that feed the nerves.
B. The nervous system tells the muscles how to respond to the environment.
C. The nervous system releases chemicals that remove excess waste from the
muscles.
D. The muscular system provides input that allows the nerves to make decisions.
ANSWER: B. The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and
nerves. It receives and transmits signals from the environment that regulate
voluntary and involuntary movement.
Which part of the nervous system includes the femoral , radial, and ulnar
nerves?
A. Somatic
B. Autonomic
C. Sympathetic
D. Parasympathetic
, 4
ANSWER: A. The symphathetic and parasympathetic systems (choice C and D)
are part of the autonomic nervous system (choice B), which controls involuntary
actions of the smooth muscles, glands, and heart. The somatic nervous system
(choice A) has to do with reception of external stimuli and voluntary control of the
muscles.
Where might a herniated lumbar disc be most likely to create pain?
A. Along the radial nerve
B. Within the spinal cord
C. Along the sciatic nerve
D. Along the tibial nerve
ANSWER: C. Damage to a disc in the lower back will most likely cause pain
radiating downward along the sciatic nerve.
What is the name of the bone in the human thigh?
A. Ulna
B. Femur
C. Radius
D. Humerus
ANSWER: B. The ulna (choice A), radius (choice C), and humerus (choice D) are
arm bones.
The ovaries are part of the ___________.
A. skeletal system
B. nervous system
HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology
| Questions and Answers
| Complete Nursing Entrance Exam Prep
Which is an anterior muscle?
A. Gluteus maximus
B. Quadriceps femoris
C. Biceps femoris
D. Adductor magnus
ANSWER: B. An anterior muscle is located near the front of the body. Of those
listed, the quadriceps( frontal thigh muscle) is the most anterior.
How might the headrest on a car prevent traumatic injury?
A. By limiting hyperflexion of the neck
B. By limiting hyperextension of the neck
C. By reducing vertebral compression
D. By preventing disc degeneration
ANSWER: B. The headrest prevents the head from moving too far backward, or
hyperextending the neck beyond its normal range.
Which might you expect to see in a whiplash injury?
A. Cardiopulmonary problems
B. Side-to-side spinal curvature
C. Eventual herniation of discs
, 2
D. Traumatic injury to ligaments
ANSWER: D. Because of the hyperflexion and hyperextension caused by such a
collision, it is not uncommon to find tears or stretching of the ligaments of the
spine. The injury is front-to-back, making choice B unlikely, and a herniated disc
(choice C) is more of a compression injury.
Muscle contractions that normally move food along the human digestive
system are known as ________.
A. defecation
B. osmosis
C. peristalsis
D. circulation
ANSWER: C. Defecation(choice A) is the elimination of waste. Osmosis (choice
B) is the movement of molecules across a membrane. Circulation (choice D) is the
movement of blood through the body. Peristalsis (choice C) is the involuntary,
wavelike movement of muscles in the intestine and elsewhere that pushes food
along.
Which type of nutrient does not provide the body with energy?
A. Vitamin
B. Carbohydrate
C. Fat
D. Protein
ANSWER: A. Some nutrients supply energy, and others support metabolism.
Nutrients in the first set include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Those in the
secound set include vitamins, minerals, and water.
, 3
Where would you be likely to find a Schwann cell?
A. In the digestive system
B. In the nervous system
C. In the skeletal system
D. In the muscular system
ANSWER: B. Schwann cells wrap around the nerve fibers and form the myelin
sheath in the peripheral nervous system.
How does the nervous system work with the muscular system?
A. The muscles of the body produce chemicals that feed the nerves.
B. The nervous system tells the muscles how to respond to the environment.
C. The nervous system releases chemicals that remove excess waste from the
muscles.
D. The muscular system provides input that allows the nerves to make decisions.
ANSWER: B. The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and
nerves. It receives and transmits signals from the environment that regulate
voluntary and involuntary movement.
Which part of the nervous system includes the femoral , radial, and ulnar
nerves?
A. Somatic
B. Autonomic
C. Sympathetic
D. Parasympathetic
, 4
ANSWER: A. The symphathetic and parasympathetic systems (choice C and D)
are part of the autonomic nervous system (choice B), which controls involuntary
actions of the smooth muscles, glands, and heart. The somatic nervous system
(choice A) has to do with reception of external stimuli and voluntary control of the
muscles.
Where might a herniated lumbar disc be most likely to create pain?
A. Along the radial nerve
B. Within the spinal cord
C. Along the sciatic nerve
D. Along the tibial nerve
ANSWER: C. Damage to a disc in the lower back will most likely cause pain
radiating downward along the sciatic nerve.
What is the name of the bone in the human thigh?
A. Ulna
B. Femur
C. Radius
D. Humerus
ANSWER: B. The ulna (choice A), radius (choice C), and humerus (choice D) are
arm bones.
The ovaries are part of the ___________.
A. skeletal system
B. nervous system
