NRS 201: CANCER | EVERY QUESTION SOLVED |
EVERY SCORE SECURED!
Cancer - Answer: second leading cause of death
Surgery - Answer: most common treatment for SOLID cancers
Drug therapy - Answer: tx of choice for DISSEMINATED cancers (leukemias,
lymphomas, metastases) and localized cancers (choriocarcinoma, testicular
carcinoma).
Drug therapy - Answer: tx for cancer that plays an important role as an adjunct to
surgery and irradiation.
Drug therapy - Answer: tx for cancer that suppresses/kills malignant cells that surgery
and irradiation would typically leave behind, which can reduce recurrence and improve
survival.
Cytotoxic agents - Answer: the most commonly used anticancer drug class.
Cytotoxic drugs - Answer: the only drug class that "cancer chemotherapy" applies to
Cure - Answer: defined as a 5-yr disease-free interval following tx.
Chemotherapy - Answer: combined w/ sx and/or radiotherapy to help treat cancer
Cancer - Answer: refers to a large group of disorders and not to a single disease.
Neoplastic cells - Answer: cells involved with cancer that divide and grow
1
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,Malignant cells - Answer: cancer cells that are unresponsive to the feedback
mechanisms that regulate cellular proliferation in healthy tissue.
Cancer cells - Answer: cells that can continue to multiply under conditions that would
suppress further growth and division of normal cells.
Cancer cells - Answer: cells that divide more frequently than normal cells, but not
necessarily more rapidly.
Metastases - Answer: secondary tumors that appear at sites distant from the primary
tumor.
Metastases - Answer: result from the unique ability of malignant cells to break away
from their site of origin, migrate to other parts of the body (via lymph and circulatory
systems), and implant to form a new tumor.
Telomerase - Answer: an enzyme active in most cancers which allow cells to undergo
endless divisions.
Telomerase - Answer: permits repeated division of cancer cells by preserving telomeres,
the DNA-protein found on the end of each chromosome.
Cytotoxic drugs - Answer: drugs that usually act by disrupting either DNA synthesis or
mitosis (activities that only proliferating cells carry out).
Anticancer drugs - Answer: drugs that are toxic to both cancers and normal tissues w/
high growth fractions (bone marrow, GI epithelium, hair follicles, sperm).
Selective toxicity - Answer: cytotoxic anticancer drugs lack ___, making it harmful to
normal tissues
2
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,Cytotoxic anticancer drugs - Answer: drugs that cannot kill target cells without also
killing other cells w/ which the target cells are in intimate contact.
Antimicrobial drugs - Answer: drugs that may cause successful therapy against cancer
because they are highly selective in their toxicity.
Penicillin - Answer: an antimicrobial drug that can readily kill invading bacteria while
being virtually harmless to cells of the host.
Neoplastic cells - Answer: cells that are very similar to normal cells, which makes it hard
to find a drug to selectively kill them.
Penicillin - Answer: kills bacteria by disrupting the bacterial cell wall.
Solid tumors - Answer: tumors that have a low growth fraction and generally respond
poorly to cytotoxic drugs.
Chemotherapy - Answer: therapy in which the goal is to produce 100% kill of neoplastic
cells while causing limited injury to normal tissues.
Chemotherapy - Answer: the use of one of the most toxic group of medicines in which
serious injury occurs most often to tissues w/ a high growth fraction.
Bone marrow - Answer: tissue w/ a high proportion of proliferating cells.
Myelosuppression - Answer: bone marrow depression which reduces the number of
circulating neutrophils, platelets, and erythrocytes.
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, Neutrophils - Answer: AKA neutrophilic granulocytes/WBC that play a role in fighting
infection.
Neutropenia - Answer: reduction of circulating neutrophils in which incidence and
severity of infection are increased.
Infection - Answer: one of the most serious complications of chemotherapy, secondary
to neutropenia.
Neutropenia - Answer: often seen w/ a rapid onset and quick recovery w/ most
anticancer drugs.
Nadir - Answer: the lowest neutrophil count, which occurs b/w days 10 and 14 after the
start dose of anticancer drugs.
2500-7000 cells/mm3 - Answer: normal range for neutrophil counts
500 cells/mm3 - Answer: substantial neutropenia count which would indicate
chemotherapy being held to reduce the r/o infection.
Normal flora - Answer: a major source of infection from the body that can be reduced by
daily examination and cleansing of the skin and oral cavity.
Colony-stimulating factors - Answer: a class of drugs that involve 3 drugs that act on the
bone marrow to enhance granulocyte (neutrophil) production and can decrease the
incidence, magnitude, and duration of neutropenia.
Colony-stimulating factors - Answer: drug class that can decrease the incidence and
severity of infection as well as the need for IV antibiotics and hospitalization.
4
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
EVERY SCORE SECURED!
Cancer - Answer: second leading cause of death
Surgery - Answer: most common treatment for SOLID cancers
Drug therapy - Answer: tx of choice for DISSEMINATED cancers (leukemias,
lymphomas, metastases) and localized cancers (choriocarcinoma, testicular
carcinoma).
Drug therapy - Answer: tx for cancer that plays an important role as an adjunct to
surgery and irradiation.
Drug therapy - Answer: tx for cancer that suppresses/kills malignant cells that surgery
and irradiation would typically leave behind, which can reduce recurrence and improve
survival.
Cytotoxic agents - Answer: the most commonly used anticancer drug class.
Cytotoxic drugs - Answer: the only drug class that "cancer chemotherapy" applies to
Cure - Answer: defined as a 5-yr disease-free interval following tx.
Chemotherapy - Answer: combined w/ sx and/or radiotherapy to help treat cancer
Cancer - Answer: refers to a large group of disorders and not to a single disease.
Neoplastic cells - Answer: cells involved with cancer that divide and grow
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Malignant cells - Answer: cancer cells that are unresponsive to the feedback
mechanisms that regulate cellular proliferation in healthy tissue.
Cancer cells - Answer: cells that can continue to multiply under conditions that would
suppress further growth and division of normal cells.
Cancer cells - Answer: cells that divide more frequently than normal cells, but not
necessarily more rapidly.
Metastases - Answer: secondary tumors that appear at sites distant from the primary
tumor.
Metastases - Answer: result from the unique ability of malignant cells to break away
from their site of origin, migrate to other parts of the body (via lymph and circulatory
systems), and implant to form a new tumor.
Telomerase - Answer: an enzyme active in most cancers which allow cells to undergo
endless divisions.
Telomerase - Answer: permits repeated division of cancer cells by preserving telomeres,
the DNA-protein found on the end of each chromosome.
Cytotoxic drugs - Answer: drugs that usually act by disrupting either DNA synthesis or
mitosis (activities that only proliferating cells carry out).
Anticancer drugs - Answer: drugs that are toxic to both cancers and normal tissues w/
high growth fractions (bone marrow, GI epithelium, hair follicles, sperm).
Selective toxicity - Answer: cytotoxic anticancer drugs lack ___, making it harmful to
normal tissues
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Cytotoxic anticancer drugs - Answer: drugs that cannot kill target cells without also
killing other cells w/ which the target cells are in intimate contact.
Antimicrobial drugs - Answer: drugs that may cause successful therapy against cancer
because they are highly selective in their toxicity.
Penicillin - Answer: an antimicrobial drug that can readily kill invading bacteria while
being virtually harmless to cells of the host.
Neoplastic cells - Answer: cells that are very similar to normal cells, which makes it hard
to find a drug to selectively kill them.
Penicillin - Answer: kills bacteria by disrupting the bacterial cell wall.
Solid tumors - Answer: tumors that have a low growth fraction and generally respond
poorly to cytotoxic drugs.
Chemotherapy - Answer: therapy in which the goal is to produce 100% kill of neoplastic
cells while causing limited injury to normal tissues.
Chemotherapy - Answer: the use of one of the most toxic group of medicines in which
serious injury occurs most often to tissues w/ a high growth fraction.
Bone marrow - Answer: tissue w/ a high proportion of proliferating cells.
Myelosuppression - Answer: bone marrow depression which reduces the number of
circulating neutrophils, platelets, and erythrocytes.
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, Neutrophils - Answer: AKA neutrophilic granulocytes/WBC that play a role in fighting
infection.
Neutropenia - Answer: reduction of circulating neutrophils in which incidence and
severity of infection are increased.
Infection - Answer: one of the most serious complications of chemotherapy, secondary
to neutropenia.
Neutropenia - Answer: often seen w/ a rapid onset and quick recovery w/ most
anticancer drugs.
Nadir - Answer: the lowest neutrophil count, which occurs b/w days 10 and 14 after the
start dose of anticancer drugs.
2500-7000 cells/mm3 - Answer: normal range for neutrophil counts
500 cells/mm3 - Answer: substantial neutropenia count which would indicate
chemotherapy being held to reduce the r/o infection.
Normal flora - Answer: a major source of infection from the body that can be reduced by
daily examination and cleansing of the skin and oral cavity.
Colony-stimulating factors - Answer: a class of drugs that involve 3 drugs that act on the
bone marrow to enhance granulocyte (neutrophil) production and can decrease the
incidence, magnitude, and duration of neutropenia.
Colony-stimulating factors - Answer: drug class that can decrease the incidence and
severity of infection as well as the need for IV antibiotics and hospitalization.
4
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
