Medical Ethics Quiz 3 Question and
answers already passed 2025/2026
John Paul II - Personhood - correct answer ✔fetuses are human beings from conception and all human
beings are persons entitled to the right to life (sanctity of human life)
Mary Anne Warren - Personhood - correct answer ✔the fetuses are not human in the moral sense (i.e.,
a person) and are not entitled to full and equal rights.
The principle of double effect - correct answer ✔1. The act itself must be morally good or neutral
2. the agent may not positively intend the bad effect but may permit it
3. the good effect must not be produced by means of the bad effect
4. there must be a favorable proportion between the good and bad effects
Thompson - abortion (unjust) - correct answer ✔an unjust killing occurs if and only if the mother allows
the fetus to use her body and then deprives it of such use.
McMahon - Personhood - correct answer ✔Embryos aren't human organisms. An organism is "an entity
with human genes that is composed of various living parts that function together in an integrated way to
sustain a single life." WE ARE NOT HUMAN ORGANISMS. We are identical to our psychological selves or
minds, not our physical parts
Violinist case - three reasons - correct answer ✔1. Innocent bystander
2. Intervention and assault on the fetus
3. Injustice--denial of right to life and bodily integrity
President's Council - correct answer ✔Organism with human and individual genetic identity is sufficient
for moral status
answers already passed 2025/2026
John Paul II - Personhood - correct answer ✔fetuses are human beings from conception and all human
beings are persons entitled to the right to life (sanctity of human life)
Mary Anne Warren - Personhood - correct answer ✔the fetuses are not human in the moral sense (i.e.,
a person) and are not entitled to full and equal rights.
The principle of double effect - correct answer ✔1. The act itself must be morally good or neutral
2. the agent may not positively intend the bad effect but may permit it
3. the good effect must not be produced by means of the bad effect
4. there must be a favorable proportion between the good and bad effects
Thompson - abortion (unjust) - correct answer ✔an unjust killing occurs if and only if the mother allows
the fetus to use her body and then deprives it of such use.
McMahon - Personhood - correct answer ✔Embryos aren't human organisms. An organism is "an entity
with human genes that is composed of various living parts that function together in an integrated way to
sustain a single life." WE ARE NOT HUMAN ORGANISMS. We are identical to our psychological selves or
minds, not our physical parts
Violinist case - three reasons - correct answer ✔1. Innocent bystander
2. Intervention and assault on the fetus
3. Injustice--denial of right to life and bodily integrity
President's Council - correct answer ✔Organism with human and individual genetic identity is sufficient
for moral status
