GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
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1. Anemia - ANSWER ✔ A condition in which the blood is deficient in red
blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume.
2. Hematopoiesis - ANSWER ✔ production of blood cells
3. somatic - ANSWER ✔ skeletal muscle cells
4. Dendtrites - ANSWER ✔ receives stimulus
5. Axons - ANSWER ✔ Carry impulses away from the cell body, pass stimuli
to the next cell
6. Parasympathetic - ANSWER ✔ HR and BP decrease, blood flow to muscle
decreases, bronchus diameter decreases, pupil diameter decreases, urinary
spchincter decreases, digestion and urinary bladder tone increase
,7. Sympathetic - ANSWER ✔ HR and BP increase, blood flow to muscle
increases, bronchus diameter increases, pupil diameter increases, urinary
spchincter increases, digestion and urinary bladder tone decrease
8. preganglionic neuron - ANSWER ✔ the first neuron in a series that
transmits impulses from the CNS
9. postganglionic neuron - ANSWER ✔ the second neuron in a series that
transmits impulses from the CNS
10.Alpha 1 - ANSWER ✔ vasoconstriction
11.alpha 2 - ANSWER ✔ inhibit neurotransmitter release
12.beta 1 - ANSWER ✔ increased HR and contraction, heart
13.Beta 2 - ANSWER ✔ lungs, broncodilation, inhibit GI motility and
mictrition
14.Beta 3 - ANSWER ✔ regulates fat breakdown, thermogenesis, bladder/
adipose tissue
15.PNS (peripheral nervous system) - ANSWER ✔ ○ Afferent/sensory neurons
■ Impulses to the CNS
○ Efferent/motor neurons
, ■ Impulses from the CNS
16.CNS (central nervous system) - ANSWER ✔ ○ Brain and spinal cord
17.autonomic - ANSWER ✔ cardiac and smooth muscle, glands
○ Sympathetic - fight/flight
○ Parasympathetic - rest/digest
18.Neurotransmitters - ANSWER ✔ send signal across synapses
○ Excitatory or inhibitory
○ Amino acids, peptides, monoamines
19.Which of the following cell types is more likely to have arised from a stem
cell in an adult?
A.Muscle
B.Bone
C.Epithelial
D.Neural - ANSWER ✔ C. Epithelial
Rationale: Epithelial cells such as skin, organ lining, and vessel lining cells
are constantly being replaced.
20.Thrombocytopenia may be caused by all of the following except:
A.Auto antibodies
B.Drug hypersensitivities
C.Viral stimulation of platelet production
, D.Bacterial infections that decrease platelet production - ANSWER ✔ C.
Viral stimulation of platelet production
Rationale: Thrombocytopenia is an essential reduction of platelets.
21.Von Willebrand disease is caused by which of the following?
A.Deficiency of clotting factors VIII and IX
B.Lack of factor IX and poor platelet function
C.Deficiency of factor VIII and poor platelet function - ANSWER ✔ C.
Deficiency of factor VIII and poor platelet function
Rationale: These two conditions come together to cause the disseminated
bleeding.
22.•DIC is associated with which of the following?
A.Endothelial damage
B.Activation of factor X
C.Release of tissue factor
D.A, B, and C are all correct. - ANSWER ✔ D. A, B, and C are all correct.
Rationale: A, B, and C are all correct and can lead to the bleeding and
clotting seen in DIC
23.•Bilirubin is an important indicator of which of the following:
A.Rate of RBC production
B.Rate of hemoglobin production