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clst 2102 exam 2: review Questions and
Correct Answers
what was the key to obtaining and keeping nobility in rome? Ans:
the ability to win offices and gain priesthoods, especially the
consulship
carthage was located in modern-day ___________. Ans: tunisia
what were the dates of the first punic war? Ans: 264-241
what was rome's great military development in the first punic war?
Ans: the navy
what was a corvus? Ans: -spiked gangplank developed and used
by the romans in the first punic war
-allowed the romans to turn a naval battle into a "land" battle
of what was regulus a positive role model? Ans: fides
what undermined the carthaginian war effort when they were
finally enjoying success? Ans: carthage decreased their navy and
effectively relinquished control of the sea
what major change occurred in rome's governance of conquered
territories after the first punic war? Ans: rome tithed and taxed
the conquered people rather than make them socii or allies
what were the dates of the second punic war? Ans: 218-201
what was hannibal's strategy in this war? Ans: -single-front war in
italy
-cut off/ win over rome's allies
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, 2 | Page
what tactics did fabius maximus, cunctator, employ against
hannibal? Ans: "fabian" tactics; small attacks meant to avoid a
large battle and keep the enemy in check
-cunctator means delayer
battle of cannae Ans: (216) devastating roman defeat with
tremendous losses in the second punic war
battle of zama Ans: (202) roman win over hannibal which ended
the second punic war
which leader finally led rome to victory in the second punic war?
Ans: scipio africanus (the elder)
which provision of the treaty ending the second punic war helped
to cause the third punic war? Ans: the provision that carthage
couldn't wage defensive wars in africa without roman permission
helped cause the third punic war. rome let a neighboring state
attack carthage and took their defense as a reason to go to war.
battle of cynocephalae Ans: (197) battle against greece; proves
that the manipular formation is superior to that of the phalanx
what policy towards the greeks did the romans try after the battle
of cynocephalae? Ans: leaves the people free and the rulers of
greece in complete control of their states
battle of magnesia Ans: (190/189) end of the seleucid empire as a
major power
what change in roman finances occurred as a result of rome's
victory in the third macedonian war? Ans: makes rome incredibly
wealthy and ends taxation of the roman citizens for over 100 years
who is famous for repeating that carthage must be destroyed?
Ans: cato the elder
in what year was carthage destroyed? Ans: 146
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, 3 | Page
what other major city was destroyed in 146? Ans: corinth
what did roman historians believe began after the destruction of
carthage and corinth? Ans: the defeat of carthage begins rome's
moral decline
which leader was credited with destroying carthage? Ans: scipio
aemilianus (the younger)
what magic did the romans try to ensure that carthage would not
rise again? Ans: salt the earth
what was the "circle of popillius"? Ans: popilius drew a circle
around antiochus and made him answer his requests there; a
symbol of roman power and intimidation over greece
what flaw in the system of roman government helped to
destabilize the state? Ans: no official constitution allowed for
contradictions between traditional power (senate) and legal power
(magistrates)
how did roman politics encourage corruption and abuse of power
in the provinces? Ans: publicani gained wealth by exceeding the
tax quota for the provinces and used force to get more money
from the people
-also, governors tried for extortion were tried by their peers who
would excuse their actions, thereby continuing the corruption
with what crime did the first permanent court in rome deal? Ans:
extortion by governors
what is the traditional explanation for the problem facing small
farmers in the countryside? Ans: small farms were taken over by
larger ones that were worked by large numbers of slaves
why was land reform a national security issue? Ans: because
enrollment in the military relied on personal wealth (land
© 2025 All rights reserved
clst 2102 exam 2: review Questions and
Correct Answers
what was the key to obtaining and keeping nobility in rome? Ans:
the ability to win offices and gain priesthoods, especially the
consulship
carthage was located in modern-day ___________. Ans: tunisia
what were the dates of the first punic war? Ans: 264-241
what was rome's great military development in the first punic war?
Ans: the navy
what was a corvus? Ans: -spiked gangplank developed and used
by the romans in the first punic war
-allowed the romans to turn a naval battle into a "land" battle
of what was regulus a positive role model? Ans: fides
what undermined the carthaginian war effort when they were
finally enjoying success? Ans: carthage decreased their navy and
effectively relinquished control of the sea
what major change occurred in rome's governance of conquered
territories after the first punic war? Ans: rome tithed and taxed
the conquered people rather than make them socii or allies
what were the dates of the second punic war? Ans: 218-201
what was hannibal's strategy in this war? Ans: -single-front war in
italy
-cut off/ win over rome's allies
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
what tactics did fabius maximus, cunctator, employ against
hannibal? Ans: "fabian" tactics; small attacks meant to avoid a
large battle and keep the enemy in check
-cunctator means delayer
battle of cannae Ans: (216) devastating roman defeat with
tremendous losses in the second punic war
battle of zama Ans: (202) roman win over hannibal which ended
the second punic war
which leader finally led rome to victory in the second punic war?
Ans: scipio africanus (the elder)
which provision of the treaty ending the second punic war helped
to cause the third punic war? Ans: the provision that carthage
couldn't wage defensive wars in africa without roman permission
helped cause the third punic war. rome let a neighboring state
attack carthage and took their defense as a reason to go to war.
battle of cynocephalae Ans: (197) battle against greece; proves
that the manipular formation is superior to that of the phalanx
what policy towards the greeks did the romans try after the battle
of cynocephalae? Ans: leaves the people free and the rulers of
greece in complete control of their states
battle of magnesia Ans: (190/189) end of the seleucid empire as a
major power
what change in roman finances occurred as a result of rome's
victory in the third macedonian war? Ans: makes rome incredibly
wealthy and ends taxation of the roman citizens for over 100 years
who is famous for repeating that carthage must be destroyed?
Ans: cato the elder
in what year was carthage destroyed? Ans: 146
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
what other major city was destroyed in 146? Ans: corinth
what did roman historians believe began after the destruction of
carthage and corinth? Ans: the defeat of carthage begins rome's
moral decline
which leader was credited with destroying carthage? Ans: scipio
aemilianus (the younger)
what magic did the romans try to ensure that carthage would not
rise again? Ans: salt the earth
what was the "circle of popillius"? Ans: popilius drew a circle
around antiochus and made him answer his requests there; a
symbol of roman power and intimidation over greece
what flaw in the system of roman government helped to
destabilize the state? Ans: no official constitution allowed for
contradictions between traditional power (senate) and legal power
(magistrates)
how did roman politics encourage corruption and abuse of power
in the provinces? Ans: publicani gained wealth by exceeding the
tax quota for the provinces and used force to get more money
from the people
-also, governors tried for extortion were tried by their peers who
would excuse their actions, thereby continuing the corruption
with what crime did the first permanent court in rome deal? Ans:
extortion by governors
what is the traditional explanation for the problem facing small
farmers in the countryside? Ans: small farms were taken over by
larger ones that were worked by large numbers of slaves
why was land reform a national security issue? Ans: because
enrollment in the military relied on personal wealth (land
© 2025 All rights reserved
