Exam Questions And Verified Marking
Scheme
\.Peritoneal dialysis (PD) differs from hemodialysis in which of the following ways? - Answer-
✔PD access is by intra-abdominal catheter
\.The main difference between an arteriovenous shunt (AVS) and an arteriovenous fistula (AVF)
is an? - Answer-✔AVF is entirely within the arm
\.Which of the dialyzers is used currently? - Answer-✔Coil
\.Which of the following kidney structures connects with and delivers urine directly to the
ureter? - Answer-✔Pelvis
\.The glomerular filtration rate is an important index of renal function and in the normal adult is
approximately? - Answer-✔125mL/min/1.73m2
\.All of the following substances are produced in the kidney (a. renin, b. aldosterone, c.
erythropoietin, d. calcitriol.)? - Answer-✔B. aldosterone
\.The most likely cause of post-renal failure is? - Answer-✔Benign prostatic hypertrophy
\.The most common cause of chronic kidney disease in the United States is? - Answer-
✔Diabetes
, \.Uremia causes which of the following conditions (a. Itching, b. Edema, c. Anemia)? - Answer-
✔All of them (itiching, edema,anemia).
\.All of the following conditions are associated with chronic kidney failure EXCEPT,(a. Low
Hemoglobin, b. Hypoparathyroidism, c. Hyperkalemia, d. Hyperphosphatemia)? - Answer-✔B.
Hypoparathyroidism.
\.What percentage of transplanted kidneys is functional one year after transplantation? -
Answer-✔90%
\.Which hemodialysis schedule is likely to be the most efficient? - Answer-✔Short daily home
hemodialysis,2-3 hrs a session, 5-7 days a week.
\.The fluid restrictions for most patients undergoing in-center hemodialysis is equal to what
urine volume/day? - Answer-✔1L.(4 cups)
\.Failure to excrete beta2-microglobulin in patients with kidney failure predisposes to? - Answer-
✔Amyloidosis
\.Blood test for ferritin are preformed in hemodialysis patients - Answer-✔To check for iron
stores.
\.What phosphate binders would best control hyperphosphatemia with the fewest side effects
in patients with end stage kidney disease (ESRD)? - Answer-✔Lanthanum carbonate are
prefered because there is less toxicity.
\.True or False: Hemodialysis patients should be taught to put in their own needles, weigh
themselves and record it, check their dialyzer settings and dialysate? - Answer-✔True