Diagnostic Sonography EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. Piezoelectric Vibrating ( PZT) - ANSWER ✔ source within the transducer is
a ceramic element that vibrates in response to an electrical signal. They are
enclosed in the cover of the transducer .
2. Piezoelectric Vibrating ( PZT) converts ______ to ___________ -
ANSWER ✔ electrical imaging to mechanical
3. Is velocity of propagation affected by the frequency or wavelength of pulse?
- ANSWER ✔ No
4. In soft tissue, the assumed average propagation velocity is - ANSWER ✔
1540 m/sec or 1.54 Mm / microsecond
5. SONAR - ANSWER ✔ Sound Navigation and Ranging.
6. Stiffness and density of the medium determine - ANSWER ✔ how fast
sound waves will travel through the medium
,7. Sound travels quicker through - ANSWER ✔ Solid, doesnt have time to
bounce around
8. Decibel (dB) is used to measure - ANSWER ✔ the intensity ( strength ,
amplitude and power of an ultrasound wave)
9. Using decibels allows sonographers to compare - ANSWER ✔ the intensity
or amplitude of two signals
10.Nacratic: - ANSWER ✔ tissue is dead because its not getting enough
nutrients.
11.Power and Intensity are - ANSWER ✔ Directly related
12.Power - ANSWER ✔ Rate of energy flow over the entire beam of sound
13.Intensity - ANSWER ✔ power per unit area
14.Frequency - ANSWER ✔ Number of cycles per second
1. Review the peritoneal spaces, what divides anterior and posterior pelvic
spaces? - ANSWER ✔ uterus pg 76
2. What is the Epiploic foramen? What is it an opening between? - ANSWER
✔ opening between greater and lesser sac pg 78
,3. What is the membrane called that covers internal organs? - ANSWER ✔
Visceral peritoneum
4. What muscles make up the muscular sling? - ANSWER ✔ coccygeus,
pubotrectalis, levator ani pg 76
5. At what level does the left portal vein enter the liver at? - ANSWER ✔ level
of left lobe of the liver pg 92
6. Review the order of the branches of the aorta superior to inferior -
ANSWER ✔
7. Review the four quadrants and the nine regions - ANSWER ✔ pg 82-83
8. Where does Morisons pouch lie? - ANSWER ✔ space between the right
lobe of the liver and anterior to the right kidney and right colic flexure pg 78
9. What tumor can invade the IVC via the renal veins? - ANSWER ✔ renal cell
carcinoma pg187
10.A patient presents with leg edema, low back pain, pelvic pain,
gastrointestinal complaints, and renal and liver problems, these symptoms
may represent what? - ANSWER ✔ IVC thrombosis
, 11.What is the relationship between arteriosclerosis and Abdominal aneurysms?
- ANSWER ✔ arteriosclerosis is one of the most common causes of
abdominal aneurysms pg 161
12.What is the normal size of the abdominal aorta in men and women? -
ANSWER ✔ men 23mm-2.3 cm, 19mm in women-1.9 cm pg 174
13.What is the sonographic appearance of cirrhosis? - ANSWER ✔ increased
attenuation with decreased vascular markings pg 218
14.A patient presents with hepatocellular destruction, what would you expect
the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
levels to be? - ANSWER ✔ high-frequently exceed levels of 1000 pg 200
15.A patient presents for an ultrasound, a tumor is found, and the patient has
type 1 glycogen storage disease, what is the possible finding? - ANSWER ✔
adenoma pg 239
16.What is the most common benign tumor of the liver? - ANSWER ✔
cavernous hemangioma
17.A patient presents for an ultrasound and their common hepatic duct
measures 4mm, is this normal? - ANSWER ✔ yes
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. Piezoelectric Vibrating ( PZT) - ANSWER ✔ source within the transducer is
a ceramic element that vibrates in response to an electrical signal. They are
enclosed in the cover of the transducer .
2. Piezoelectric Vibrating ( PZT) converts ______ to ___________ -
ANSWER ✔ electrical imaging to mechanical
3. Is velocity of propagation affected by the frequency or wavelength of pulse?
- ANSWER ✔ No
4. In soft tissue, the assumed average propagation velocity is - ANSWER ✔
1540 m/sec or 1.54 Mm / microsecond
5. SONAR - ANSWER ✔ Sound Navigation and Ranging.
6. Stiffness and density of the medium determine - ANSWER ✔ how fast
sound waves will travel through the medium
,7. Sound travels quicker through - ANSWER ✔ Solid, doesnt have time to
bounce around
8. Decibel (dB) is used to measure - ANSWER ✔ the intensity ( strength ,
amplitude and power of an ultrasound wave)
9. Using decibels allows sonographers to compare - ANSWER ✔ the intensity
or amplitude of two signals
10.Nacratic: - ANSWER ✔ tissue is dead because its not getting enough
nutrients.
11.Power and Intensity are - ANSWER ✔ Directly related
12.Power - ANSWER ✔ Rate of energy flow over the entire beam of sound
13.Intensity - ANSWER ✔ power per unit area
14.Frequency - ANSWER ✔ Number of cycles per second
1. Review the peritoneal spaces, what divides anterior and posterior pelvic
spaces? - ANSWER ✔ uterus pg 76
2. What is the Epiploic foramen? What is it an opening between? - ANSWER
✔ opening between greater and lesser sac pg 78
,3. What is the membrane called that covers internal organs? - ANSWER ✔
Visceral peritoneum
4. What muscles make up the muscular sling? - ANSWER ✔ coccygeus,
pubotrectalis, levator ani pg 76
5. At what level does the left portal vein enter the liver at? - ANSWER ✔ level
of left lobe of the liver pg 92
6. Review the order of the branches of the aorta superior to inferior -
ANSWER ✔
7. Review the four quadrants and the nine regions - ANSWER ✔ pg 82-83
8. Where does Morisons pouch lie? - ANSWER ✔ space between the right
lobe of the liver and anterior to the right kidney and right colic flexure pg 78
9. What tumor can invade the IVC via the renal veins? - ANSWER ✔ renal cell
carcinoma pg187
10.A patient presents with leg edema, low back pain, pelvic pain,
gastrointestinal complaints, and renal and liver problems, these symptoms
may represent what? - ANSWER ✔ IVC thrombosis
, 11.What is the relationship between arteriosclerosis and Abdominal aneurysms?
- ANSWER ✔ arteriosclerosis is one of the most common causes of
abdominal aneurysms pg 161
12.What is the normal size of the abdominal aorta in men and women? -
ANSWER ✔ men 23mm-2.3 cm, 19mm in women-1.9 cm pg 174
13.What is the sonographic appearance of cirrhosis? - ANSWER ✔ increased
attenuation with decreased vascular markings pg 218
14.A patient presents with hepatocellular destruction, what would you expect
the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
levels to be? - ANSWER ✔ high-frequently exceed levels of 1000 pg 200
15.A patient presents for an ultrasound, a tumor is found, and the patient has
type 1 glycogen storage disease, what is the possible finding? - ANSWER ✔
adenoma pg 239
16.What is the most common benign tumor of the liver? - ANSWER ✔
cavernous hemangioma
17.A patient presents for an ultrasound and their common hepatic duct
measures 4mm, is this normal? - ANSWER ✔ yes
