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Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Questions and answers

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Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Questions and answers Epigenetic Modification Covalent changes affecting gene expression without DNA sequence alteration. DNA Methylation Addition of methyl groups to DNA, reversible by demethylation. Histone Modification Chemical changes to histones affecting DNA packaging and gene expression. Acetylation Addition of acetyl groups to histones, promoting gene activa

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Epigenetics in Human Health and
Disease Questions and answers
Epigenetic Modification

Covalent changes affecting gene expression without DNA sequence alteration.

DNA Methylation

Addition of methyl groups to DNA, reversible by demethylation.

Histone Modification

Chemical changes to histones affecting DNA packaging and gene expression.

Acetylation

Addition of acetyl groups to histones, promoting gene activation.

Deacetylation

Removal of acetyl groups from histones, repressing gene expression.

X Inactivation

Random inactivation of one X chromosome in females.

XIST

Gene responsible for X chromosome inactivation.

Genomic Imprinting

Monoallelic gene expression dependent on parental origin.

Prader-Willi Syndrome

Disorder from paternal deletion on chromosome 15, affecting SNRPN.

Angelman Syndrome

Disorder from maternal deletion on chromosome 15, affecting UBE31A.

Monozygotic Twins

Identical twins with different epigenetic modifications over time.

Over-Nutrition Effects

Increased birth weight and fat tissue due to maternal nutrition.

Diethylstilbestrol

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