1
,Chapter 01: Mental Health and Mental Illness
x x x x x x
Pollard: Varcarolis’s Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Clinical Approach, 3rd
x x x x x x x x x x
xEdition
MULTIPLE CHOICE x
1. Which of the following is considered an Advanced
x x x x x x x
x Practice Intervention? x
a. Conducting mental health assessments (MSA) x x x x
b. Prescribing psychotropic medication x x
c. Establishing therapeutic relationships x x
d. Individualizing nursing care plans x x x
ANS: B x
Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses can further their
x x x x x x x x
education at a baccalaureate levelor at the graduate level (master’s
x x x x x x x x x x
doctorate) and become qualified to practise psychiatric mental
x x x x x x x x
x health nursing at two levels – basic and advanced – developing on
x x x x x x x x x x x
xtheir education preparation. Prescriptive privileges are granted to
x x x x x x x
master’s-
x
prepared Nurse Practitioners (NPs) as they have taken additional advanced courses on prescribing
x x x x x x x x x x x x
xmedication. Appropriate use of diagnostic tests must be completed aswell as having hospital
x x x x x x x x x x x x
admitting privileges. Establishing therapeutic relationship, conducting mental health assessments
x x x x x x x x x
(MSAs), and individualizing nursing care plans are foundational psychiatric nursing skills.
x x x x x x x x x x x
Therefore, they are considered Basic-Level Interventions.
x x x x x
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) x x x
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
x x x x x x x x
2. Which has been identified as a priority for national plans and strategies in psychiatric mental
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
health nursing in Canada?
x x x x
a. Decrease in the aging population x x x x
b. Increase in cultural diversity x x x
c. Role of the advanced practice nurse
x x x x x
d. Shortage of physicians in rural and urban areas x x x x x x x
ANS: B x
In early phases of strategic development, the Mental Health Commission of Canada identified
x x x x x x x x x x x x
xcultural diversity as a priority for national plans and strategies. Increasing cultural diversity within
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x Canada warrants deeper attention to culturally safe care and concern for the mental health
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x consequences of colonization and racism. An aging population and shortage of physicians are
x x x x x x x x x x x x
ximportant to future trends. The role of the advanced practice nurse is continuing to evolve in
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
psychiatric mental health nursing in Canada.
x x x x x x
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand x x
(Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process:
x x x x
Outcome Evaluation
x x
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
x x x x x x
3. Which serves as the official guide for diagnosing psychiatric disorders?
x x x x x x x x x
a. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) x x x x
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) x x x x x x x
c. A behavioural health reference manual
x x x x
2
, d. NurseOne online x
ANS: B x
The first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was published by the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
American Psychiatric Association in 1952. Its purpose was to provide clinicians, educators, and
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
researchers with a common framework to understand and communicate about mental
x x x x x x x x x x x
disorders. With a common understanding about mental disorders, researchers and clinicians could
x x x x x x x x x x x x
work together in their attempts to improve care for people with mental illness. The current DSM-
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
5 serves as the official guide for diagnosing psychiatric disorders. The International Classification
x x x x x x x x x x x x
of Diseases (ICD) sets the global health information standard for mortality and morbidity
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
statistics.
x
Clinicians and researchers use this classification system to define diseases, study disease patterns,
x x x x x x x x x x x x
monitor outcomes, and subsequently allocate resources based on the prevalence of disease. The
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Canadian Institute for Health Information developed an enhanced version of the previous version,
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ICD-10 referred to as the ICD 10-CA period that version extends beyond defining and classifying
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xdiseases to describe conditions and situations that are not diseases, including for example, risk
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
factors to health and psychosocial circumstances. A behavioral health reference manual and
x x x x x x x x x x x x
NurseOne online are not used as official guides for diagnosis.
x x x x x x x x x x
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) x x x
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: x x x Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
x x x x x
4. When locating the description and diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders, which resource would
x x x x x x x x x x x x
x have the most complete information?
x x x x
a. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) x x x
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) x x x x x x x
c. The ANA’s Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice
x x x x x x x x x
d. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health x x x x x x x
Problems (ICD-10)
x x
ANS: B x
The DSM-5 details the diagnostic criteria for psychiatric clinical conditions and is the official guide
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
for diagnosing psychiatric disorders. The other references are good resources but do not define the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
diagnostic criteria.
x x
DIF: x x Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) x x x
TOP: x xNursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
x x x x x x x x x x
5. Which individual is demonstrating the highest level of resilience?
x x x x x x x x
a. An individual repressing their stressors who is having a difficult time coping
x x x x x x x x x x x
with activities of daily living (ADLs)
x x x x x x
b. An individual who is in a depressed state after the death of their spouse
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
c. An individual who lives in a shelter for 2 years after their home is destroyed
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
by a firex x x
d. An individual who navigates and negotiates resources to support their well-being
x x x x x x x x x x
ANS: D x
3
, A characteristic of mental health increasingly being promoted as essential to the recovery process is
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xresilience. Resilience is a process and outcome of complex, cultural systems, rather than as an
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xindividual capacity to overcome adversity. In this way, when exposed to adversity, one’s resilience
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xdepends on the navigation and negotiation of resources that can support well-being. Resilience is
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xclosely associated with the process of adapting and helps people facing tragedies, loss, trauma,
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
and severe stress. An individual who is repressing their stressors may need support for
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
developing coping strategies. It is important for the individual who is in a depressed state
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
after the death of their spouse to navigate and negotiate resources that can support their
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
well-being (e.g., grief support or counselling). An individual living in a shelter needs immediate
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
support and assistance when entering the shelter to navigate services and supports. Shelters
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
are short-term resources.
x x x
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
x x x x
TOP:
x Nursing Process: Outcomex x x
Evaluation
x MSC: Client x x x x x x x x
xNeeds:
Psychosocial Integrity x
6. A multidisciplinary team is working with two groups of patients diagnosed with depression. One
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
group of patients receives supportive interventions and psychotropic medication (e.g.,
x x x x x x x x x x
antidepressants). The other group receives only psychotropic medication. Outcomes are measured
x x x x x x x x x x x
for each group. Which is being studied?
x x x x x x x
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Comorbidity
d. Clinical epidemiology x
ANS: D x
Clinical epidemiology is a broad field that addresses studies of the natural history (or what happens
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xif there is no treatment and the problem is left to run its course) of an illness, studies
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
of diagnostic screening tests, and observational and experimental studies of interventions
x x x x x x x x x x x
used to treat people with the illness or symptoms. Prevalence refers to numbers of new
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
cases.
x
Comorbidity refers to having more than one mental disorder at a time. Incidence refers to the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
number of new cases of mental disorders in a healthy population within a given period.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand x x
(Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process:
x x x x
Outcome Evaluation
x x
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
x x x x x x
7. A category 5 tornado occurred in a community of 400 people, resulting in destruction of many
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xhomes and businesses. In the 2 years after this disaster, 140 individuals were diagnosed with
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which term best applies to these newly diagnosed
x x x x x x x x x x x
xindividuals?
a. Prevalence
b. Comorbidity
c. Incidence
d. Clinical epidemiology x
ANS: C x
4
,Chapter 01: Mental Health and Mental Illness
x x x x x x
Pollard: Varcarolis’s Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Clinical Approach, 3rd
x x x x x x x x x x
xEdition
MULTIPLE CHOICE x
1. Which of the following is considered an Advanced
x x x x x x x
x Practice Intervention? x
a. Conducting mental health assessments (MSA) x x x x
b. Prescribing psychotropic medication x x
c. Establishing therapeutic relationships x x
d. Individualizing nursing care plans x x x
ANS: B x
Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses can further their
x x x x x x x x
education at a baccalaureate levelor at the graduate level (master’s
x x x x x x x x x x
doctorate) and become qualified to practise psychiatric mental
x x x x x x x x
x health nursing at two levels – basic and advanced – developing on
x x x x x x x x x x x
xtheir education preparation. Prescriptive privileges are granted to
x x x x x x x
master’s-
x
prepared Nurse Practitioners (NPs) as they have taken additional advanced courses on prescribing
x x x x x x x x x x x x
xmedication. Appropriate use of diagnostic tests must be completed aswell as having hospital
x x x x x x x x x x x x
admitting privileges. Establishing therapeutic relationship, conducting mental health assessments
x x x x x x x x x
(MSAs), and individualizing nursing care plans are foundational psychiatric nursing skills.
x x x x x x x x x x x
Therefore, they are considered Basic-Level Interventions.
x x x x x
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) x x x
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
x x x x x x x x
2. Which has been identified as a priority for national plans and strategies in psychiatric mental
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
health nursing in Canada?
x x x x
a. Decrease in the aging population x x x x
b. Increase in cultural diversity x x x
c. Role of the advanced practice nurse
x x x x x
d. Shortage of physicians in rural and urban areas x x x x x x x
ANS: B x
In early phases of strategic development, the Mental Health Commission of Canada identified
x x x x x x x x x x x x
xcultural diversity as a priority for national plans and strategies. Increasing cultural diversity within
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x Canada warrants deeper attention to culturally safe care and concern for the mental health
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x consequences of colonization and racism. An aging population and shortage of physicians are
x x x x x x x x x x x x
ximportant to future trends. The role of the advanced practice nurse is continuing to evolve in
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
psychiatric mental health nursing in Canada.
x x x x x x
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand x x
(Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process:
x x x x
Outcome Evaluation
x x
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
x x x x x x
3. Which serves as the official guide for diagnosing psychiatric disorders?
x x x x x x x x x
a. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) x x x x
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) x x x x x x x
c. A behavioural health reference manual
x x x x
2
, d. NurseOne online x
ANS: B x
The first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was published by the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
American Psychiatric Association in 1952. Its purpose was to provide clinicians, educators, and
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
researchers with a common framework to understand and communicate about mental
x x x x x x x x x x x
disorders. With a common understanding about mental disorders, researchers and clinicians could
x x x x x x x x x x x x
work together in their attempts to improve care for people with mental illness. The current DSM-
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
5 serves as the official guide for diagnosing psychiatric disorders. The International Classification
x x x x x x x x x x x x
of Diseases (ICD) sets the global health information standard for mortality and morbidity
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
statistics.
x
Clinicians and researchers use this classification system to define diseases, study disease patterns,
x x x x x x x x x x x x
monitor outcomes, and subsequently allocate resources based on the prevalence of disease. The
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Canadian Institute for Health Information developed an enhanced version of the previous version,
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ICD-10 referred to as the ICD 10-CA period that version extends beyond defining and classifying
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xdiseases to describe conditions and situations that are not diseases, including for example, risk
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
factors to health and psychosocial circumstances. A behavioral health reference manual and
x x x x x x x x x x x x
NurseOne online are not used as official guides for diagnosis.
x x x x x x x x x x
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) x x x
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: x x x Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
x x x x x
4. When locating the description and diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders, which resource would
x x x x x x x x x x x x
x have the most complete information?
x x x x
a. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) x x x
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) x x x x x x x
c. The ANA’s Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice
x x x x x x x x x
d. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health x x x x x x x
Problems (ICD-10)
x x
ANS: B x
The DSM-5 details the diagnostic criteria for psychiatric clinical conditions and is the official guide
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
for diagnosing psychiatric disorders. The other references are good resources but do not define the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
diagnostic criteria.
x x
DIF: x x Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) x x x
TOP: x xNursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
x x x x x x x x x x
5. Which individual is demonstrating the highest level of resilience?
x x x x x x x x
a. An individual repressing their stressors who is having a difficult time coping
x x x x x x x x x x x
with activities of daily living (ADLs)
x x x x x x
b. An individual who is in a depressed state after the death of their spouse
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
c. An individual who lives in a shelter for 2 years after their home is destroyed
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
by a firex x x
d. An individual who navigates and negotiates resources to support their well-being
x x x x x x x x x x
ANS: D x
3
, A characteristic of mental health increasingly being promoted as essential to the recovery process is
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xresilience. Resilience is a process and outcome of complex, cultural systems, rather than as an
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xindividual capacity to overcome adversity. In this way, when exposed to adversity, one’s resilience
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xdepends on the navigation and negotiation of resources that can support well-being. Resilience is
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xclosely associated with the process of adapting and helps people facing tragedies, loss, trauma,
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
and severe stress. An individual who is repressing their stressors may need support for
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
developing coping strategies. It is important for the individual who is in a depressed state
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
after the death of their spouse to navigate and negotiate resources that can support their
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
well-being (e.g., grief support or counselling). An individual living in a shelter needs immediate
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
support and assistance when entering the shelter to navigate services and supports. Shelters
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
are short-term resources.
x x x
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
x x x x
TOP:
x Nursing Process: Outcomex x x
Evaluation
x MSC: Client x x x x x x x x
xNeeds:
Psychosocial Integrity x
6. A multidisciplinary team is working with two groups of patients diagnosed with depression. One
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
group of patients receives supportive interventions and psychotropic medication (e.g.,
x x x x x x x x x x
antidepressants). The other group receives only psychotropic medication. Outcomes are measured
x x x x x x x x x x x
for each group. Which is being studied?
x x x x x x x
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Comorbidity
d. Clinical epidemiology x
ANS: D x
Clinical epidemiology is a broad field that addresses studies of the natural history (or what happens
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xif there is no treatment and the problem is left to run its course) of an illness, studies
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
of diagnostic screening tests, and observational and experimental studies of interventions
x x x x x x x x x x x
used to treat people with the illness or symptoms. Prevalence refers to numbers of new
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
cases.
x
Comorbidity refers to having more than one mental disorder at a time. Incidence refers to the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
number of new cases of mental disorders in a healthy population within a given period.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand x x
(Comprehension) TOP: Nursing Process:
x x x x
Outcome Evaluation
x x
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
x x x x x x
7. A category 5 tornado occurred in a community of 400 people, resulting in destruction of many
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
xhomes and businesses. In the 2 years after this disaster, 140 individuals were diagnosed with
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which term best applies to these newly diagnosed
x x x x x x x x x x x
xindividuals?
a. Prevalence
b. Comorbidity
c. Incidence
d. Clinical epidemiology x
ANS: C x
4
