Microbiology Exam 1 (Chapter
1,3,4,5,6) With Over 500 Solved
Questions And Detailed Answers
_______ ______ cells have an outer membrane made up of lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) - correct answer Gram negative
_______ _________ cells contain two layers in their cell envelope - correct
answer Gram positive
___________ are considered to be unicellular organisms. ____________ and
___________are considered to be unicellular or multicellular organisms.
____________ are considered to be multicellular organisms. Are plants and
animals considered to unicellular or multicellular organisms? - correct answer1.
Protozoa
2. Fungi and Algae
3. Helminths
4. Plants and animals are considered unicellular
_____________ and ____________ are included in the kingdom Protista. Describe
the major characteristics regarding algae. True or false: All algae are pathogenic?
Describe the major characteristics regarding protozoa. What are the three organs
of locomotion for protozoa. Do all protozoa have a trophozoite stage? Do all
protozoa produce cysts? What is the function of a protozoan cyst? True or false:
All protozoa are pathogenic. Name at least four pathogenic protozoa and the
disease name. - correct answer
,6 major groups of microorganisms - correct answer1. Bacteria
2. Algae
3. Protozoa
4. Helminths
5. Fungi
6. Viruses
A microscope has a total magnification of 850x when using the oil immersion
objective lens. What is the power of the ocular lens? - correct answer8500
A microscopic cluster of cells that originated from a single cell - correct
answerColony
Agricultural Microbiology - correct answer- Concerned with the relationship
between microbes and domesticated plants and animals
- Plant specialists focus on plant diseases, soil fertility, and nutritional interactions
- Animal specialists focus on infectious diseases and other associations animals
have with microorganisms
Agricultural Microbiology - correct answer- Deals with the relationships between
microbes and domesticated plants and animals
- Plant specialists focus on plant diseases, soil fertility, and nutritional interactions
- Animal specialists work with infectious diseases and other associations animals
have with microorganisms
Algae - correct answer- Unicellular microorganisms
- Prokaryotic
- Food or water borne
- Reproduce Asexually
- Photosythetic
Assay media - correct answerUsed to test the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs
Bacteria - correct answer- Unicellular microorganisms
- Some cause human, animal, or plant diseases; others are beneficial.
- Prokaryotic
,Bacteria and Archaea consist of what type of cells? - correct answerProkaryotic
Bergey's manual of ______________________ _______________________ is
based on phenotypic characteristics and is used in clinical, teaching, and research
labs - correct answerDeterminative Bacteriology
Bioremediation - correct answerIntroduction of microbes into the environment to
restore stability or to clean up toxic pollutants
Biotechnology - correct answerManipulation of microorganisms to make products
in an industrial setting
Can a medium be classified as both selective and differential? - correct
answerYes, some media can be both selective and differential
Can antibiotics target viral infections? Explain your answer. - correct answerNo,
because:
• Viruses mutate at a rapid rate
• Scientists focus on developing vaccines against viruses since few antiviral drugs
are available and antibiotics are ineffective
• Interferon (IFN)
- Naturally occurring human cell product
- Used with some success in treating viral infections
Carbohydrate fermentation media - correct answerContains sugars and pH
indicators to show fermentation
Classification - correct answerAttempts the orderly arrangement of organisms
into a hierarchy of taxa (categories)
Clostridium, Bacillus, and Sporosarcina produce dormant highly resistant
__________ - correct answerEndospores
Consist of prokaryotic cells and Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli are
examples of this organism - correct answerBacteria
Contaminated Culture - correct answerContains contaminants or intruders
, Contrast - correct answerDegree of contrast from the surroundings. Iris
diaphragm controls the amount of light entering the condenser
Define nucleocapsid. - correct answer- Capsid
• Shell surrounds the nucleic acid
• Nucleocapsid: capsid and nucleic acid together
Describe the 3 different methods of isolating bacteria. - correct answer- Streak
plate: a small droplet of culture or sample is spread over the surface of the
medium with an inoculating loop in a pattern that gradually thins out the sample
and separates the cells spatially over several sections of the plate
- Loop dilution: the sample is inoculated serially into a series of cooled but sill
liquid agar tubes so as to dilute the number of cells in each successive tube in the
series.
- Spread plate: a small volume of liquid, diluted sample is pipetted onto the
surface of the medium and spread evenly by a sterile spreading tool
Describe the 3 physical states of media and the purpose of each - correct answer-
Liquid: found in test tubes, termed broths, milks, infusions
- Semi-solid: clot like, found in test tubes, determines motility of bacteria
- Solid: provide a firm surface on which cells can form discrete colonies
Describe the differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells. -
correct answerGram positive cells have a thick layer of peptidoglycan 20-80nm
thick and gram negative cells have a thin layer of peptidoglycan 1-3nm
Describe the different arrangements for bacterial flagella. - correct answer-
Monotrichous polar: single flagellum
- Lophotrichous polar: several tufts emerging from same site
- Amphitrichous polar: flagella at both ends
- Petritichous: flagella randomly dispersed over the entire surface of the cell
1,3,4,5,6) With Over 500 Solved
Questions And Detailed Answers
_______ ______ cells have an outer membrane made up of lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) - correct answer Gram negative
_______ _________ cells contain two layers in their cell envelope - correct
answer Gram positive
___________ are considered to be unicellular organisms. ____________ and
___________are considered to be unicellular or multicellular organisms.
____________ are considered to be multicellular organisms. Are plants and
animals considered to unicellular or multicellular organisms? - correct answer1.
Protozoa
2. Fungi and Algae
3. Helminths
4. Plants and animals are considered unicellular
_____________ and ____________ are included in the kingdom Protista. Describe
the major characteristics regarding algae. True or false: All algae are pathogenic?
Describe the major characteristics regarding protozoa. What are the three organs
of locomotion for protozoa. Do all protozoa have a trophozoite stage? Do all
protozoa produce cysts? What is the function of a protozoan cyst? True or false:
All protozoa are pathogenic. Name at least four pathogenic protozoa and the
disease name. - correct answer
,6 major groups of microorganisms - correct answer1. Bacteria
2. Algae
3. Protozoa
4. Helminths
5. Fungi
6. Viruses
A microscope has a total magnification of 850x when using the oil immersion
objective lens. What is the power of the ocular lens? - correct answer8500
A microscopic cluster of cells that originated from a single cell - correct
answerColony
Agricultural Microbiology - correct answer- Concerned with the relationship
between microbes and domesticated plants and animals
- Plant specialists focus on plant diseases, soil fertility, and nutritional interactions
- Animal specialists focus on infectious diseases and other associations animals
have with microorganisms
Agricultural Microbiology - correct answer- Deals with the relationships between
microbes and domesticated plants and animals
- Plant specialists focus on plant diseases, soil fertility, and nutritional interactions
- Animal specialists work with infectious diseases and other associations animals
have with microorganisms
Algae - correct answer- Unicellular microorganisms
- Prokaryotic
- Food or water borne
- Reproduce Asexually
- Photosythetic
Assay media - correct answerUsed to test the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs
Bacteria - correct answer- Unicellular microorganisms
- Some cause human, animal, or plant diseases; others are beneficial.
- Prokaryotic
,Bacteria and Archaea consist of what type of cells? - correct answerProkaryotic
Bergey's manual of ______________________ _______________________ is
based on phenotypic characteristics and is used in clinical, teaching, and research
labs - correct answerDeterminative Bacteriology
Bioremediation - correct answerIntroduction of microbes into the environment to
restore stability or to clean up toxic pollutants
Biotechnology - correct answerManipulation of microorganisms to make products
in an industrial setting
Can a medium be classified as both selective and differential? - correct
answerYes, some media can be both selective and differential
Can antibiotics target viral infections? Explain your answer. - correct answerNo,
because:
• Viruses mutate at a rapid rate
• Scientists focus on developing vaccines against viruses since few antiviral drugs
are available and antibiotics are ineffective
• Interferon (IFN)
- Naturally occurring human cell product
- Used with some success in treating viral infections
Carbohydrate fermentation media - correct answerContains sugars and pH
indicators to show fermentation
Classification - correct answerAttempts the orderly arrangement of organisms
into a hierarchy of taxa (categories)
Clostridium, Bacillus, and Sporosarcina produce dormant highly resistant
__________ - correct answerEndospores
Consist of prokaryotic cells and Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli are
examples of this organism - correct answerBacteria
Contaminated Culture - correct answerContains contaminants or intruders
, Contrast - correct answerDegree of contrast from the surroundings. Iris
diaphragm controls the amount of light entering the condenser
Define nucleocapsid. - correct answer- Capsid
• Shell surrounds the nucleic acid
• Nucleocapsid: capsid and nucleic acid together
Describe the 3 different methods of isolating bacteria. - correct answer- Streak
plate: a small droplet of culture or sample is spread over the surface of the
medium with an inoculating loop in a pattern that gradually thins out the sample
and separates the cells spatially over several sections of the plate
- Loop dilution: the sample is inoculated serially into a series of cooled but sill
liquid agar tubes so as to dilute the number of cells in each successive tube in the
series.
- Spread plate: a small volume of liquid, diluted sample is pipetted onto the
surface of the medium and spread evenly by a sterile spreading tool
Describe the 3 physical states of media and the purpose of each - correct answer-
Liquid: found in test tubes, termed broths, milks, infusions
- Semi-solid: clot like, found in test tubes, determines motility of bacteria
- Solid: provide a firm surface on which cells can form discrete colonies
Describe the differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells. -
correct answerGram positive cells have a thick layer of peptidoglycan 20-80nm
thick and gram negative cells have a thin layer of peptidoglycan 1-3nm
Describe the different arrangements for bacterial flagella. - correct answer-
Monotrichous polar: single flagellum
- Lophotrichous polar: several tufts emerging from same site
- Amphitrichous polar: flagella at both ends
- Petritichous: flagella randomly dispersed over the entire surface of the cell
