VSITE Review Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Hard Signs of Vascular Injury (5)
What is the risk of arterial injury if a hard sign is present? -
CORRECT ANSWER: 1. pulsatile bleeding
2. lack of pulses
3. cold limb
4. expanding hematoma
5. audible bruit or palpable thrill at site of injury
Indicate greater than 90% risk of arterial injury with 50% of those
requiring intervention
,QUESTION: Soft Signs of Vascular Injury (5)
What is the risk of arterial injury if a soft sign is present? -
CORRECT ANSWER: 1. H/o severe hemorrhage at the scene
2. Injury near a major blood vessel
3. Nonexpanding hematoma over an artery
4. Neurologic deficit originating from a nerve adjacent to a named artery
5. Diminished or unequal pulses
indicates 30% risk of arterial injury - perform further investigation (ABI.
If > 0.9, observe. If less, CTA)
QUESTION: Second most commonly injured artery from blunt
mechnamisms after the aorta
Most common repair -
,CORRECT ANSWER: Inominate artery
open aorto-inominate bypass
QUESTION: Zones of the neck -
CORRECT ANSWER: - Zone I = clavicles to cricoid cartilage
- Zone II = cricoid cartilage to angle of the mandible
- Zone III = angle of the mandible to base of the skull
QUESTION: Zones of the retroperitoneum and their associated
structures
Which zones should be explored in the case of hematoma? -
CORRECT ANSWER: - Zone I is divided into supramesocolic and
inframesocolic. It extends from the aortic hiatus to the sacral
promontory. All injuries should be explored .
, - Zone II extends from the renal hilum laterally to the pericolic gutters.
All penetrating injuries should be explored; no exploration in blunt
injury
- Zone III = sacral promontory inferiorly (pelvis). All penetrating
injuries. Only explore expanding hematomas or those with loss of
femoral pulse in blunt injuries
- Zone IV = retrohepatic space; NO INJURIES should be explored in
the absence of active extravasation
QUESTION: Four compartments of the leg and the components of
each compartment -
CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Anterior
- Anterior tibial artery; deep peroneal nerve
2. Lateral
- Peroneal artery, superficial and deep peroneal nerve
3. Superficial posterior
- no significant neuromuscular components
Answers 100% Pass
Hard Signs of Vascular Injury (5)
What is the risk of arterial injury if a hard sign is present? -
CORRECT ANSWER: 1. pulsatile bleeding
2. lack of pulses
3. cold limb
4. expanding hematoma
5. audible bruit or palpable thrill at site of injury
Indicate greater than 90% risk of arterial injury with 50% of those
requiring intervention
,QUESTION: Soft Signs of Vascular Injury (5)
What is the risk of arterial injury if a soft sign is present? -
CORRECT ANSWER: 1. H/o severe hemorrhage at the scene
2. Injury near a major blood vessel
3. Nonexpanding hematoma over an artery
4. Neurologic deficit originating from a nerve adjacent to a named artery
5. Diminished or unequal pulses
indicates 30% risk of arterial injury - perform further investigation (ABI.
If > 0.9, observe. If less, CTA)
QUESTION: Second most commonly injured artery from blunt
mechnamisms after the aorta
Most common repair -
,CORRECT ANSWER: Inominate artery
open aorto-inominate bypass
QUESTION: Zones of the neck -
CORRECT ANSWER: - Zone I = clavicles to cricoid cartilage
- Zone II = cricoid cartilage to angle of the mandible
- Zone III = angle of the mandible to base of the skull
QUESTION: Zones of the retroperitoneum and their associated
structures
Which zones should be explored in the case of hematoma? -
CORRECT ANSWER: - Zone I is divided into supramesocolic and
inframesocolic. It extends from the aortic hiatus to the sacral
promontory. All injuries should be explored .
, - Zone II extends from the renal hilum laterally to the pericolic gutters.
All penetrating injuries should be explored; no exploration in blunt
injury
- Zone III = sacral promontory inferiorly (pelvis). All penetrating
injuries. Only explore expanding hematomas or those with loss of
femoral pulse in blunt injuries
- Zone IV = retrohepatic space; NO INJURIES should be explored in
the absence of active extravasation
QUESTION: Four compartments of the leg and the components of
each compartment -
CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Anterior
- Anterior tibial artery; deep peroneal nerve
2. Lateral
- Peroneal artery, superficial and deep peroneal nerve
3. Superficial posterior
- no significant neuromuscular components
