ASU BIO 340 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED
PASS <RECENT VERSION>
Topic 1: Mendelian Genetics & Probability
1. What is the difference between a genotype and a
phenotype?
A) Genotype refers to physical traits, phenotype refers to genetic
makeup.
B) Genotype refers to genetic makeup, phenotype refers to
observable traits.
C) They are synonymous terms.
D) Genotype is influenced by environment, phenotype is not.
2. An organism with two different alleles for a given gene is
referred to as:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Hemizygous
D) Homologous
3. A monohybrid cross examines the inheritance pattern for:
A) One trait
B) Two traits
C) Multiple alleles
D) Linked genes
,4. In a cross between two heterozygous individuals (Aa x
Aa), what is the expected phenotypic ratio?
A) 1:1
B) 3:1
C) 1:2:1
D) 9:3:3:1
5. The principle of segregation states that:
A) Alleles for different genes assort independently during
gamete formation.
B) Chromosomes line up randomly at the metaphase plate.
C) The two alleles for a gene segregate during gamete
formation.
D) Genes are located on chromosomes.
6. A testcross is used to determine:
A) The number of genes controlling a trait.
B) The genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype.
C) The mutation rate of a gene.
D) The linkage between two genes.
7. In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygotes (AaBb x
AaBb), what is the expected phenotypic ratio if the genes
assort independently?
A) 1:1:1:1
B) 3:1
, C) 9:3:3:1
D) 1:2:1
8. The probability of two independent events both occurring
is calculated by:
A) The sum rule
B) The product rule
C) The law of segregation
D) Binomial expansion
9. In a pedigree, a circle represents a _________ and a filled-
in symbol indicates an individual who _________ the trait.
A) male; is heterozygous for
B) female; is affected by
C) female; is a carrier for
D) male; does not express
10. What is the probability of getting two heads in two flips
of a fair coin?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/8
D) 3/4
Topic 2: Extensions of Mendelian Genetics
11. Incomplete dominance occurs when:
A) One allele completely masks the other.
B) The heterozygote shows a phenotype intermediate between
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED
PASS <RECENT VERSION>
Topic 1: Mendelian Genetics & Probability
1. What is the difference between a genotype and a
phenotype?
A) Genotype refers to physical traits, phenotype refers to genetic
makeup.
B) Genotype refers to genetic makeup, phenotype refers to
observable traits.
C) They are synonymous terms.
D) Genotype is influenced by environment, phenotype is not.
2. An organism with two different alleles for a given gene is
referred to as:
A) Homozygous
B) Heterozygous
C) Hemizygous
D) Homologous
3. A monohybrid cross examines the inheritance pattern for:
A) One trait
B) Two traits
C) Multiple alleles
D) Linked genes
,4. In a cross between two heterozygous individuals (Aa x
Aa), what is the expected phenotypic ratio?
A) 1:1
B) 3:1
C) 1:2:1
D) 9:3:3:1
5. The principle of segregation states that:
A) Alleles for different genes assort independently during
gamete formation.
B) Chromosomes line up randomly at the metaphase plate.
C) The two alleles for a gene segregate during gamete
formation.
D) Genes are located on chromosomes.
6. A testcross is used to determine:
A) The number of genes controlling a trait.
B) The genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype.
C) The mutation rate of a gene.
D) The linkage between two genes.
7. In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygotes (AaBb x
AaBb), what is the expected phenotypic ratio if the genes
assort independently?
A) 1:1:1:1
B) 3:1
, C) 9:3:3:1
D) 1:2:1
8. The probability of two independent events both occurring
is calculated by:
A) The sum rule
B) The product rule
C) The law of segregation
D) Binomial expansion
9. In a pedigree, a circle represents a _________ and a filled-
in symbol indicates an individual who _________ the trait.
A) male; is heterozygous for
B) female; is affected by
C) female; is a carrier for
D) male; does not express
10. What is the probability of getting two heads in two flips
of a fair coin?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/8
D) 3/4
Topic 2: Extensions of Mendelian Genetics
11. Incomplete dominance occurs when:
A) One allele completely masks the other.
B) The heterozygote shows a phenotype intermediate between
