Bio 111 midterm UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Active transport - CORRECT ANSWER - An energy requiring process (ATP hydrolysis)
where cells transport molecules and ions in order to create an electrochemical gradient
In active transport where does the phosphate from ATP hydrolysis go? - CORRECT
ANSWER - phosphate from ATP hydrolysis is temporarily transferred to protein pumps
does active transport require ATP? - CORRECT ANSWER - yes ATP is required
what do cell membranes contain - CORRECT ANSWER - proteins in addition to
phospholipids and sterols
peripheral membrane proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - associate with the membrane
surface through non-covalent bonds, polar amino acids on protein surface interact with
membrane surface
integral membrane proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - span the entire bilayer (usually as
alpha helix), and are amphipathic.
- polar amino acids face aqueous regions (cytoplasm, extracellular)
- non-polar amino acids face the fatty acid tails within bilayer
glycoprotein - CORRECT ANSWER - protein with carbohydrate attached
glycolipid - CORRECT ANSWER - lipid with carbohydrate attached
how do membrane proteins transport ions and polar molecules (integral)? - CORRECT
ANSWER - integral membrane proteins provide a mechanism for movement of polar
ions/molecules acrossed phospholipid bilayer
, what does facilitated diffusion occur through - CORRECT ANSWER - - channel and
carrier proteins
what is facilitated diffusion? - CORRECT ANSWER - passive transport down a
concentration gradient
what are the types of integral membrane transport? - CORRECT ANSWER - uniporter,
symporter, antiporter
uniporter - CORRECT ANSWER - transports one molecule or ion
symporter - CORRECT ANSWER - transports 2 different molecules or ions in the same
direction
antiporter - CORRECT ANSWER - transports 2 different molecules or ions in different
directions
what do small charged ions move through? - CORRECT ANSWER - channel proteins
how are electrochemical gradients and concentration gradients established? - CORRECT
ANSWER - when ions build up on one side of the membrane
ions move through channel proteins down their electrochemical gradients... - CORRECT
ANSWER - - this is passive transport
- this requires no energy from the cell
- this decreases the concentration gradient acrossed the membrane
what do larger molecules move through? - CORRECT ANSWER - carrier proteins
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Active transport - CORRECT ANSWER - An energy requiring process (ATP hydrolysis)
where cells transport molecules and ions in order to create an electrochemical gradient
In active transport where does the phosphate from ATP hydrolysis go? - CORRECT
ANSWER - phosphate from ATP hydrolysis is temporarily transferred to protein pumps
does active transport require ATP? - CORRECT ANSWER - yes ATP is required
what do cell membranes contain - CORRECT ANSWER - proteins in addition to
phospholipids and sterols
peripheral membrane proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - associate with the membrane
surface through non-covalent bonds, polar amino acids on protein surface interact with
membrane surface
integral membrane proteins - CORRECT ANSWER - span the entire bilayer (usually as
alpha helix), and are amphipathic.
- polar amino acids face aqueous regions (cytoplasm, extracellular)
- non-polar amino acids face the fatty acid tails within bilayer
glycoprotein - CORRECT ANSWER - protein with carbohydrate attached
glycolipid - CORRECT ANSWER - lipid with carbohydrate attached
how do membrane proteins transport ions and polar molecules (integral)? - CORRECT
ANSWER - integral membrane proteins provide a mechanism for movement of polar
ions/molecules acrossed phospholipid bilayer
, what does facilitated diffusion occur through - CORRECT ANSWER - - channel and
carrier proteins
what is facilitated diffusion? - CORRECT ANSWER - passive transport down a
concentration gradient
what are the types of integral membrane transport? - CORRECT ANSWER - uniporter,
symporter, antiporter
uniporter - CORRECT ANSWER - transports one molecule or ion
symporter - CORRECT ANSWER - transports 2 different molecules or ions in the same
direction
antiporter - CORRECT ANSWER - transports 2 different molecules or ions in different
directions
what do small charged ions move through? - CORRECT ANSWER - channel proteins
how are electrochemical gradients and concentration gradients established? - CORRECT
ANSWER - when ions build up on one side of the membrane
ions move through channel proteins down their electrochemical gradients... - CORRECT
ANSWER - - this is passive transport
- this requires no energy from the cell
- this decreases the concentration gradient acrossed the membrane
what do larger molecules move through? - CORRECT ANSWER - carrier proteins
