BIO 111 Exam 4 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
c. the double helical structure - CORRECT ANSWER - Which of the following
characteristics of the structure of DNA was determined directly from X-ray diffraction
photographs of crystallized DNA?a. the sequence of nucleotidesb. the length of a given DNA
moleculec. the double helical structured. the frequency of A versus T nucleotides
d. relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork - CORRECT ANSWER - What
is the function of topoisomerase?a. adding methyl groups to bases of DNAb. unwinding of the
double helixc. elongating new DNA at a replication fork by adding nucleotides to the existing
chaind. relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork
e. translation - CORRECT ANSWER - What name is given to the process in which the
information encoded in a strand of mRNA is used to construct a protein?a. RNA processingb.
gene expressionc. polypeptide formationd. transcriptione. translation
e. introns; exons Introns ("intervening sequences") are removed and the exons ("expressed
sequences") are spliced together. - CORRECT ANSWER - After an RNA molecule is
transcribed from a eukaryotic gene, what is removed and what are spliced together to produce an
mRNA molecule with a continuous coding sequence?a. silencers; enhancersb. exons; intronsc.
operators; promotersd. promoters; operatorse. introns; exons
b. at most, 2 alleles for that gene - CORRECT ANSWER - If an organism is diploid and a
certain gene found in the organism has 18 known alleles (variants), then any given organism of
that species can/must have which of the following?a. up to 18 genes for that traitb. at most 2
alleles for that genec. up to 18 chromosomes with that gened. up to, but not more than, 18
different traits
d. the complete set of an organism's genes - CORRECT ANSWER - Which of the
following descriptions correctly defines a genome?a. a karyotypeb. representation of a complete
set of a cell's polypeptidesc. the complete set of an organism's polypeptidesd. the complete set of
an organism's genes
,b. Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one. - CORRECT ANSWER - If a
horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable
set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to
establishing a line of such plants?a. Breed this plant with another plant with much weaker
traits.b. Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one.c. Force the plant to self-pollinate
to obtain an identical one.d. Backtrack through her previous experiments to obtain another plant
with the same traits.
d. length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes - CORRECT
ANSWER - In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose
one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do the two chromosomes of the pair
have in common?a. length and position of the centromere onlyb. length, centromere position, and
staining pattern onlyc. length, centromere position, staining pattern, and DNA sequencesd.
length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes
c. Genes of privet chromosomes are significantly different from those in humans. - CORRECT
ANSWER - The somatic cells of a privet shrub each contain 46 chromosomes. To be as
different as they are from human cells, which have the same number of chromosomes, which of
the following must be true?a. Privet cells cannot reproduce sexually.b. Privet shrubs must be
metabolically more like animals than like other shrubs.c. Genes of privet chromosomes are
significantly different from those in humans.d. Genes on a particular privet chromosome, such as
the X, must be on a different human chromosome, such as number 18.
c. Its gametes must have 23 chromosomes. - CORRECT ANSWER - A given organism
has 46 chromosomes in its karyotype. We can therefore conclude which of the following?a. It
must be human.b. It must be sexually reproducing.c. Its gametes must have 23 chromosomes.d. It
must be an animal.
b. a haploid animal cell - CORRECT ANSWER - Which of the following types of cells
would be produced by meiosis?a. a diploid unicellular organismb. a haploid animal cellc. a
diploid plant celld. a diploid animal cell
d. VII. anaphase II - CORRECT ANSWER - For the following question(s), match the key
event of meiosis with the stages listed below.I. phrophase I - V. prophase IIII. metaphase I - VI.
metaphase IIIII. anaphase I - VII. anaphase IIIV. telophase I - VIII. telophase IICentromeres of
sister chromatids disjoin and chromatids separate.a. III. anaphase Ib. IV. telophase Ic. V.
prophase IId. VII. anaphase II
,b. II. metaphase I - CORRECT ANSWER - For the following question(s), match the key
event of meiosis with the stages listed below.I. phrophase I - V. prophase IIII. metaphase I - VI.
metaphase IIIII. anaphase I - VII. anaphase IIIV. telophase I - VIII. telophase IIHomologous
chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the spindle.a. I. prophase Ib. II. metaphase Ic. IV.
telophase Id. VI. metaphase II
c. pairs of homologous chromosomes all aligned at the cell's center - CORRECT
ANSWER - To visualize and identify meiotic cells at metaphase I with a microscope, what
would you look for?a. an uninterrupted spindle arrayb. sister chromatids of a replicated
chromosome grouped at the polesc. pairs of homologous chromosomes all aligned at the cell's
centerd. individual chromosomes all at the cell's center
b. prophase I - CORRECT ANSWER - When we see chiasmata under a microscope, that
lets us know that which of the following processes has occurred?a. anaphase IIb. prophase Ic.
meiosis IId. separation of homologs
b. They must be removed before sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes can separate. -
CORRECT ANSWER - During mitosis or meiosis, sister chromatids are held together by
proteins referred to as cohesins. Such molecules much have which of the following properties?a.
They must be intact for nuclear envelope re-formation.b. They must be removed before sister
chromatids or homologous chromosomes can separate.c. They must be removed before meiosis
can begin.d. They must persist throughout the cell cycle.
c. synapsis of chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - Which of the following events
occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?a. production of daughter cellsb. condensation of
chromatinc. synapsis of chromosomesd. chromosome replication
b. Homologous chromosomes of a pair are separated from each other. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Which of the following happens during meiosis I?a. Sister chromatids are
separated.b. Homologous chromosomes of a pair are separated from each other.c. Four daughter
cells are formed.d. The chromosome number per cell in conserved.
d. They have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA. - CORRECT
ANSWER - How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that have
, replicated their DNA and are just about to begin meiosis?a. They have half the number of
chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.b. They have half the amount of cytoplasm and twice
the amount of DNA.c. They have the same number of chromosomes and half the amount of
DNA.d. They have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA.
a. Specific proteins break the two strands of non sister chromatids and re-join them. - CORRECT
ANSWER - When homologous chromosomes cross over, what is the result?a. Specific
proteins break the two strands of non sister chromatids and re-join them.b. Two sister chromatids
get tangled, resulting in one altering the sequence of its DNA.c. Two sister chromatids exchange
identical pieces of DNA.d. Each of the four DNA strands of a homologous pair is broken, and
the pieces are mixed
b. the random and independent way in which each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at
the - CORRECT ANSWER - Independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis is a
result of ________.a. the random nature of fertilization of ova by spermb. the random and
independent way in which each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at thec. the relatively
small degree of homology shared by the X and Y chromosomesd. the random distribution of the
sister chromatids to the two daughter cells during anaphase II
c. metaphase - CORRECT ANSWER - At what state of mitosis are chromosomes usually
photographed in the preparation of a karyotype?a. anaphaseb. prophasec. metaphased. telophase
a. I. prophase I only - CORRECT ANSWER - For the following question(s), match the
key event of meiosis with the stages listed below.I. phrophase I - V. prophase IIII. metaphase I -
VI. metaphase IIIII. anaphase I - VII. anaphase IIIV. telophase I - VIII. telophase
IISynaptonemal complexes form or are still present.a. I. prophase I onlyb. I. prophase I and IV.
telophase I onlyc. I. prophase I and VIII. telophase II onlyd. I. prophase I, II metaphase I, III.
anaphase I, and IV. telophase I only
c. somatic cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Which of the following is not involved in the
transmission of genes from parent organism to child?a. DNAb. gametesc. somatic cellsd.
mitosise. nucleotides
e. gamete - CORRECT ANSWER - In animals, fertilization is to zygote as meiosis is to
which of the following?a. mitosisb. diploidc. chromosomed. replicatione. gamete
Questions and CORRECT Answers
c. the double helical structure - CORRECT ANSWER - Which of the following
characteristics of the structure of DNA was determined directly from X-ray diffraction
photographs of crystallized DNA?a. the sequence of nucleotidesb. the length of a given DNA
moleculec. the double helical structured. the frequency of A versus T nucleotides
d. relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork - CORRECT ANSWER - What
is the function of topoisomerase?a. adding methyl groups to bases of DNAb. unwinding of the
double helixc. elongating new DNA at a replication fork by adding nucleotides to the existing
chaind. relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork
e. translation - CORRECT ANSWER - What name is given to the process in which the
information encoded in a strand of mRNA is used to construct a protein?a. RNA processingb.
gene expressionc. polypeptide formationd. transcriptione. translation
e. introns; exons Introns ("intervening sequences") are removed and the exons ("expressed
sequences") are spliced together. - CORRECT ANSWER - After an RNA molecule is
transcribed from a eukaryotic gene, what is removed and what are spliced together to produce an
mRNA molecule with a continuous coding sequence?a. silencers; enhancersb. exons; intronsc.
operators; promotersd. promoters; operatorse. introns; exons
b. at most, 2 alleles for that gene - CORRECT ANSWER - If an organism is diploid and a
certain gene found in the organism has 18 known alleles (variants), then any given organism of
that species can/must have which of the following?a. up to 18 genes for that traitb. at most 2
alleles for that genec. up to 18 chromosomes with that gened. up to, but not more than, 18
different traits
d. the complete set of an organism's genes - CORRECT ANSWER - Which of the
following descriptions correctly defines a genome?a. a karyotypeb. representation of a complete
set of a cell's polypeptidesc. the complete set of an organism's polypeptidesd. the complete set of
an organism's genes
,b. Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one. - CORRECT ANSWER - If a
horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable
set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to
establishing a line of such plants?a. Breed this plant with another plant with much weaker
traits.b. Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one.c. Force the plant to self-pollinate
to obtain an identical one.d. Backtrack through her previous experiments to obtain another plant
with the same traits.
d. length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes - CORRECT
ANSWER - In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose
one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do the two chromosomes of the pair
have in common?a. length and position of the centromere onlyb. length, centromere position, and
staining pattern onlyc. length, centromere position, staining pattern, and DNA sequencesd.
length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes
c. Genes of privet chromosomes are significantly different from those in humans. - CORRECT
ANSWER - The somatic cells of a privet shrub each contain 46 chromosomes. To be as
different as they are from human cells, which have the same number of chromosomes, which of
the following must be true?a. Privet cells cannot reproduce sexually.b. Privet shrubs must be
metabolically more like animals than like other shrubs.c. Genes of privet chromosomes are
significantly different from those in humans.d. Genes on a particular privet chromosome, such as
the X, must be on a different human chromosome, such as number 18.
c. Its gametes must have 23 chromosomes. - CORRECT ANSWER - A given organism
has 46 chromosomes in its karyotype. We can therefore conclude which of the following?a. It
must be human.b. It must be sexually reproducing.c. Its gametes must have 23 chromosomes.d. It
must be an animal.
b. a haploid animal cell - CORRECT ANSWER - Which of the following types of cells
would be produced by meiosis?a. a diploid unicellular organismb. a haploid animal cellc. a
diploid plant celld. a diploid animal cell
d. VII. anaphase II - CORRECT ANSWER - For the following question(s), match the key
event of meiosis with the stages listed below.I. phrophase I - V. prophase IIII. metaphase I - VI.
metaphase IIIII. anaphase I - VII. anaphase IIIV. telophase I - VIII. telophase IICentromeres of
sister chromatids disjoin and chromatids separate.a. III. anaphase Ib. IV. telophase Ic. V.
prophase IId. VII. anaphase II
,b. II. metaphase I - CORRECT ANSWER - For the following question(s), match the key
event of meiosis with the stages listed below.I. phrophase I - V. prophase IIII. metaphase I - VI.
metaphase IIIII. anaphase I - VII. anaphase IIIV. telophase I - VIII. telophase IIHomologous
chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the spindle.a. I. prophase Ib. II. metaphase Ic. IV.
telophase Id. VI. metaphase II
c. pairs of homologous chromosomes all aligned at the cell's center - CORRECT
ANSWER - To visualize and identify meiotic cells at metaphase I with a microscope, what
would you look for?a. an uninterrupted spindle arrayb. sister chromatids of a replicated
chromosome grouped at the polesc. pairs of homologous chromosomes all aligned at the cell's
centerd. individual chromosomes all at the cell's center
b. prophase I - CORRECT ANSWER - When we see chiasmata under a microscope, that
lets us know that which of the following processes has occurred?a. anaphase IIb. prophase Ic.
meiosis IId. separation of homologs
b. They must be removed before sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes can separate. -
CORRECT ANSWER - During mitosis or meiosis, sister chromatids are held together by
proteins referred to as cohesins. Such molecules much have which of the following properties?a.
They must be intact for nuclear envelope re-formation.b. They must be removed before sister
chromatids or homologous chromosomes can separate.c. They must be removed before meiosis
can begin.d. They must persist throughout the cell cycle.
c. synapsis of chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - Which of the following events
occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?a. production of daughter cellsb. condensation of
chromatinc. synapsis of chromosomesd. chromosome replication
b. Homologous chromosomes of a pair are separated from each other. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Which of the following happens during meiosis I?a. Sister chromatids are
separated.b. Homologous chromosomes of a pair are separated from each other.c. Four daughter
cells are formed.d. The chromosome number per cell in conserved.
d. They have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA. - CORRECT
ANSWER - How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that have
, replicated their DNA and are just about to begin meiosis?a. They have half the number of
chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.b. They have half the amount of cytoplasm and twice
the amount of DNA.c. They have the same number of chromosomes and half the amount of
DNA.d. They have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA.
a. Specific proteins break the two strands of non sister chromatids and re-join them. - CORRECT
ANSWER - When homologous chromosomes cross over, what is the result?a. Specific
proteins break the two strands of non sister chromatids and re-join them.b. Two sister chromatids
get tangled, resulting in one altering the sequence of its DNA.c. Two sister chromatids exchange
identical pieces of DNA.d. Each of the four DNA strands of a homologous pair is broken, and
the pieces are mixed
b. the random and independent way in which each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at
the - CORRECT ANSWER - Independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis is a
result of ________.a. the random nature of fertilization of ova by spermb. the random and
independent way in which each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at thec. the relatively
small degree of homology shared by the X and Y chromosomesd. the random distribution of the
sister chromatids to the two daughter cells during anaphase II
c. metaphase - CORRECT ANSWER - At what state of mitosis are chromosomes usually
photographed in the preparation of a karyotype?a. anaphaseb. prophasec. metaphased. telophase
a. I. prophase I only - CORRECT ANSWER - For the following question(s), match the
key event of meiosis with the stages listed below.I. phrophase I - V. prophase IIII. metaphase I -
VI. metaphase IIIII. anaphase I - VII. anaphase IIIV. telophase I - VIII. telophase
IISynaptonemal complexes form or are still present.a. I. prophase I onlyb. I. prophase I and IV.
telophase I onlyc. I. prophase I and VIII. telophase II onlyd. I. prophase I, II metaphase I, III.
anaphase I, and IV. telophase I only
c. somatic cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Which of the following is not involved in the
transmission of genes from parent organism to child?a. DNAb. gametesc. somatic cellsd.
mitosise. nucleotides
e. gamete - CORRECT ANSWER - In animals, fertilization is to zygote as meiosis is to
which of the following?a. mitosisb. diploidc. chromosomed. replicatione. gamete
