PRE AP BIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
What is the difference between the dependent and independent variable in an
experiment? - Correct Answers -An independent variable is the variable that is changed
or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable. A
dependent variable is the variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment.
Homeostasis - Correct Answers -The ability of a cell to maintain a stable, internal
environment. Without precise control of things moving in and out, the cell would shrivel
or pop!
Osmosis - Correct Answers -The movement of water from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration. A type of passive transport
Diffusion - Correct Answers -The movement of molecules from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration. A type of passive transport
Active transport - Correct Answers -Uses energy to move substances across the cell
membrane. Moves materials against the concentration gradient, materials move from an
area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
Passive Transport - Correct Answers -The movement of molecules in or out of a cell
that requires no cellular energy. Materials move from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentration
Endocytosis - Correct Answers -materials move into the cell. Cell takes in large particles
by engulfing them
Exocytosis - Correct Answers -moving materials out of a cell. Opposite of endocytosis
What is the difference between a variable and a control in an experiment? - Correct
Answers -Dependent variable: An outcome variable that is measured each time the
independent variable is changed. Control variable: Any other variable that may affect
the outcome.
What makes up an atom and where are those parts found? - Correct Answers -Atoms
are made up of three particles: protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons and neutrons
are heavier than electrons and reside in the center of the atom, which is called the
nucleus.
, PH scale - Correct Answers -
lipids - Correct Answers -Concentrated energy molecule
carbohydrates - Correct Answers -Building block molecules
proteins - Correct Answers -multipurpose molecules
nucleic acids - Correct Answers -Information Molecule, include DNA and RNA
What are some roles of the four macromolecules? - Correct Answers -lipids played the
role of storage of energy or forming cell membranes alone. The role of carbohydrates is
to provide energy, as they are the body's main source of fuel, needed for physical
activity, brain function and operation of the organs. Proteins do most of the work in cells
and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and
organs. Nucleic acids are large molecules that carry tons of small details: all the genetic
information
What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? - Correct Answers -Both
organisms are composed of cells, the basic unit of life, with each cell surrounded by a
cell membrane. The biggest difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that
eukaryotes have a nucleus. They also have other membrane structures called
organelles.
Describe the cell theory - Correct Answers -All living organisms are composed of one or
more cells. ... The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms. Cells
arise from preexisting cells.
What are the differences between a plant and animal cell? - Correct Answers -the main
structural differences between plant and animal cells lie in a few additional structures
found in plant cells. These structures include: chloroplasts, the cell wall, and vacuoles.
What are the levels or organization? - Correct Answers -organelle, cells, tissues,
organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, and
biosphere.
What occurs in each phase of the cell cycle? - Correct Answers -Interphase:
- G1(Growth 1): The cell grows to accommodate new genetic information
- S(synthesis): The cell duplicates its DNA for the two daughter cells
- G2(Growth 2): The cell grows once again for there to be enough cytoplasm for the
daughter cells
Mitosis:
STUDY GUIDE
What is the difference between the dependent and independent variable in an
experiment? - Correct Answers -An independent variable is the variable that is changed
or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable. A
dependent variable is the variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment.
Homeostasis - Correct Answers -The ability of a cell to maintain a stable, internal
environment. Without precise control of things moving in and out, the cell would shrivel
or pop!
Osmosis - Correct Answers -The movement of water from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration. A type of passive transport
Diffusion - Correct Answers -The movement of molecules from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration. A type of passive transport
Active transport - Correct Answers -Uses energy to move substances across the cell
membrane. Moves materials against the concentration gradient, materials move from an
area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
Passive Transport - Correct Answers -The movement of molecules in or out of a cell
that requires no cellular energy. Materials move from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentration
Endocytosis - Correct Answers -materials move into the cell. Cell takes in large particles
by engulfing them
Exocytosis - Correct Answers -moving materials out of a cell. Opposite of endocytosis
What is the difference between a variable and a control in an experiment? - Correct
Answers -Dependent variable: An outcome variable that is measured each time the
independent variable is changed. Control variable: Any other variable that may affect
the outcome.
What makes up an atom and where are those parts found? - Correct Answers -Atoms
are made up of three particles: protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons and neutrons
are heavier than electrons and reside in the center of the atom, which is called the
nucleus.
, PH scale - Correct Answers -
lipids - Correct Answers -Concentrated energy molecule
carbohydrates - Correct Answers -Building block molecules
proteins - Correct Answers -multipurpose molecules
nucleic acids - Correct Answers -Information Molecule, include DNA and RNA
What are some roles of the four macromolecules? - Correct Answers -lipids played the
role of storage of energy or forming cell membranes alone. The role of carbohydrates is
to provide energy, as they are the body's main source of fuel, needed for physical
activity, brain function and operation of the organs. Proteins do most of the work in cells
and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and
organs. Nucleic acids are large molecules that carry tons of small details: all the genetic
information
What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? - Correct Answers -Both
organisms are composed of cells, the basic unit of life, with each cell surrounded by a
cell membrane. The biggest difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that
eukaryotes have a nucleus. They also have other membrane structures called
organelles.
Describe the cell theory - Correct Answers -All living organisms are composed of one or
more cells. ... The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms. Cells
arise from preexisting cells.
What are the differences between a plant and animal cell? - Correct Answers -the main
structural differences between plant and animal cells lie in a few additional structures
found in plant cells. These structures include: chloroplasts, the cell wall, and vacuoles.
What are the levels or organization? - Correct Answers -organelle, cells, tissues,
organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, and
biosphere.
What occurs in each phase of the cell cycle? - Correct Answers -Interphase:
- G1(Growth 1): The cell grows to accommodate new genetic information
- S(synthesis): The cell duplicates its DNA for the two daughter cells
- G2(Growth 2): The cell grows once again for there to be enough cytoplasm for the
daughter cells
Mitosis:
