AP BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Resting membrane potential depends on which of the following(s)?
I. Active transport
II. Selective permeability
III. Differential distribution of ions across the anxonal membrane - Correct Answers -All
three. The resting potential depends on active transport (the Na+K+ATPase pump) and
the selective permeability of the axon membrane to K+ than to Na+, which leads to a
differential distribution of ions across the axonal membrane
Mitosis - Correct Answers -The division of the mother cell into two daughter cells,
genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell
Anaphase - Correct Answers -The third phase of mitosis where the spindle fiber shorten
from the poles, pulling the doubled chromosomes apart from each other, toward the
poles of the cell
Telophase - Correct Answers -The final phase of mitosis characterized by the separated
chromosomes reaching the poles of the cell. The nuclear membrane and nucleolus
begins to reappear around each set of chromosomes
Cell plate - Correct Answers -A structure which eventually forms a cell wall that begins
to grow out from the center and merely separates the two daughter cells
Stages of mitosis - Correct Answers -Interphase (G1),S=DNA replication, Late
interphase (G3), Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase,Telophase, Cytokensis
Interphase (Mitosis) - Correct Answers -G1 (1st growth) 1 centriol Choromotids Cells
spend most of life in this phase
Late Interphase (mitosis) - Correct Answers -G2 (2nd growth) 2 centriols Sister
chromatids Cells spend most of life in this phase
Prophase (mitosis) - Correct Answers -Spindle fibers form Nuclear envelope breaks
down
Metaphase (mitosis) - Correct Answers -Chromosomes line up in center along the
metaphase plate Spindle fibers are attached
, Anaphase (mitosis) - Correct Answers -Spindle fibers begin to shorten, pulling
chromotids appart.
Telophase (mitosis) - Correct Answers -Cleavage furrow forms Chromotids pull to
opppsote ends Nuclear envelope begins to form
Cytokenesis - Correct Answers -Cytoplasm divides and cells membrane pinched into 2
separate cells Exact copies of cell we began with
Meiosis - Correct Answers -The process by which a single parent diploid cell (Botb
homologous chromosomes) divides to produce four daughter haploid cells (One
homologous chromosome of the pair). Meiosis is the type of cell division by which germ
cells (eggs and sleek) are produced.
The Krebs cycle in humans releases
a. carbon dioxide
b. pyruvate
c. glucose
d. lactic acid - Correct Answers -A. The Krebs cycle releases carbon dioxide as the
carbon molecules are broken down and electron carriers are generated. Glucose is at
the start of glycolysis and pyruvate is at the end of glycolysis. Lactic acid is generated
through fermentation.
What is the movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower
concentration to a region of higher concentration-against the concentration gradient;
requires cellular energy to achieve this movement - Correct Answers -Active transport
A property of cellular membranes that only allows certain molecules to enter or exit the
cell; can occur actively or passively - Correct Answers -Selective permeability
The breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid - Correct
Answers -Glycolysis
Fermentation - Correct Answers -Process by which cells release energy in the absence
of oxygen
lactic acid fermentation - Correct Answers -creates ATP, which is a molecular both
animal and bacteria need for energy, when there is no oxygen present. This process
breaks down glucose into two lactate molecules. Then lactate and hydrogen form lactic
acid. Lactic acid fermentation provides an alternative way to generate energy when
normal cellular respiration is not possible.
A heterotroph
a. obtains its energy from sunlight, harnessed by pigments
b. obtains its energy from catabolizing organicmolecules
c. makes organic molecules from CO2
CORRECT ANSWERS
Resting membrane potential depends on which of the following(s)?
I. Active transport
II. Selective permeability
III. Differential distribution of ions across the anxonal membrane - Correct Answers -All
three. The resting potential depends on active transport (the Na+K+ATPase pump) and
the selective permeability of the axon membrane to K+ than to Na+, which leads to a
differential distribution of ions across the axonal membrane
Mitosis - Correct Answers -The division of the mother cell into two daughter cells,
genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell
Anaphase - Correct Answers -The third phase of mitosis where the spindle fiber shorten
from the poles, pulling the doubled chromosomes apart from each other, toward the
poles of the cell
Telophase - Correct Answers -The final phase of mitosis characterized by the separated
chromosomes reaching the poles of the cell. The nuclear membrane and nucleolus
begins to reappear around each set of chromosomes
Cell plate - Correct Answers -A structure which eventually forms a cell wall that begins
to grow out from the center and merely separates the two daughter cells
Stages of mitosis - Correct Answers -Interphase (G1),S=DNA replication, Late
interphase (G3), Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase,Telophase, Cytokensis
Interphase (Mitosis) - Correct Answers -G1 (1st growth) 1 centriol Choromotids Cells
spend most of life in this phase
Late Interphase (mitosis) - Correct Answers -G2 (2nd growth) 2 centriols Sister
chromatids Cells spend most of life in this phase
Prophase (mitosis) - Correct Answers -Spindle fibers form Nuclear envelope breaks
down
Metaphase (mitosis) - Correct Answers -Chromosomes line up in center along the
metaphase plate Spindle fibers are attached
, Anaphase (mitosis) - Correct Answers -Spindle fibers begin to shorten, pulling
chromotids appart.
Telophase (mitosis) - Correct Answers -Cleavage furrow forms Chromotids pull to
opppsote ends Nuclear envelope begins to form
Cytokenesis - Correct Answers -Cytoplasm divides and cells membrane pinched into 2
separate cells Exact copies of cell we began with
Meiosis - Correct Answers -The process by which a single parent diploid cell (Botb
homologous chromosomes) divides to produce four daughter haploid cells (One
homologous chromosome of the pair). Meiosis is the type of cell division by which germ
cells (eggs and sleek) are produced.
The Krebs cycle in humans releases
a. carbon dioxide
b. pyruvate
c. glucose
d. lactic acid - Correct Answers -A. The Krebs cycle releases carbon dioxide as the
carbon molecules are broken down and electron carriers are generated. Glucose is at
the start of glycolysis and pyruvate is at the end of glycolysis. Lactic acid is generated
through fermentation.
What is the movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower
concentration to a region of higher concentration-against the concentration gradient;
requires cellular energy to achieve this movement - Correct Answers -Active transport
A property of cellular membranes that only allows certain molecules to enter or exit the
cell; can occur actively or passively - Correct Answers -Selective permeability
The breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid - Correct
Answers -Glycolysis
Fermentation - Correct Answers -Process by which cells release energy in the absence
of oxygen
lactic acid fermentation - Correct Answers -creates ATP, which is a molecular both
animal and bacteria need for energy, when there is no oxygen present. This process
breaks down glucose into two lactate molecules. Then lactate and hydrogen form lactic
acid. Lactic acid fermentation provides an alternative way to generate energy when
normal cellular respiration is not possible.
A heterotroph
a. obtains its energy from sunlight, harnessed by pigments
b. obtains its energy from catabolizing organicmolecules
c. makes organic molecules from CO2
